X-Ray Scattering Studies of Expanded Fluid Metals

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-217
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Matsuda ◽  
Masanori Inui
Keyword(s):  
Particle Interaction ◽  
State Dependence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
Thermodynamic Conditions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Conducting Fluids ◽  
Ray Scattering

Fluid metals exhibit significant properties of thermodynamic-state dependence, since the inter-particle interaction among the constituents (electrons and ions) considerably changes depending on their thermodynamic conditions. The authors have thus far carried out X-ray scattering experiments of fluid metals in the expanded state, which have enabled them to gain insight into microscopic understanding of the structural and electronic properties of fluid metals. The purpose of this chapter is to provide intriguing aspects of fluid metals originated from the existence of conduction electrons, which distinguishes fluid metals from non-conducting fluids, through the results of fluid rubidium and mercury.

X-Ray Scattering Studies of Expanded Fluid Metals

2017 ◽  
pp. 102-134
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Matsuda ◽  
Masanori Inui
Keyword(s):  
Particle Interaction ◽  
State Dependence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
Thermodynamic Conditions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Conducting Fluids ◽  
Ray Scattering

Fluid metals exhibit significant properties of thermodynamic-state dependence, since the inter-particle interaction among the constituents (electrons and ions) considerably changes depending on their thermodynamic conditions. The authors have thus far carried out X-ray scattering experiments of fluid metals in the expanded state, which have enabled us to gain insight into microscopic understanding of the structural and electronic properties of fluid metals. The purpose of this chapter is to provide intriguing aspects of fluid metals originated from the existence of conduction electrons, which distinguishes fluid metals from non-conducting fluids, through the results of fluid rubidium and mercury.

Insight into Asphaltene Nanoaggregate Structure Inferred by Small Angle Neutron and X-ray Scattering

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (21) ◽  
pp. 6827-6837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joëlle Eyssautier ◽  
Pierre Levitz ◽  
Didier Espinat ◽  
Jacques Jestin ◽  
Jérémie Gummel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Thermoresponsive polymer assemblies via variable temperature liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Korpanty ◽  
Lucas R. Parent ◽  
Nicholas Hampu ◽  
Steven Weigand ◽  
Nathan C. Gianneschi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Temperature Liquid ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractHerein, phase transitions of a class of thermally-responsive polymers, namely a homopolymer, diblock, and triblock copolymer, were studied to gain mechanistic insight into nanoscale assembly dynamics via variable temperature liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (VT-LCTEM) correlated with variable temperature small angle X-ray scattering (VT-SAXS). We study thermoresponsive poly(diethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA)-based block copolymers and mitigate sample damage by screening electron flux and solvent conditions during LCTEM and by evaluating polymer survival via post-mortem matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS). Our multimodal approach, utilizing VT-LCTEM with MS validation and VT-SAXS, is generalizable across polymeric systems and can be used to directly image solvated nanoscale structures and thermally-induced transitions. Our strategy of correlating VT-SAXS with VT-LCTEM provided direct insight into transient nanoscale intermediates formed during the thermally-triggered morphological transformation of a PDEGMA-based triblock. Notably, we observed the temperature-triggered formation and slow relaxation of core-shell particles with complex microphase separation in the core by both VT-SAXS and VT-LCTEM.

Insight into the nanostructure of anisotropic cellulose aerogels upon compression

Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (41) ◽  
pp. 8372-8380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Rennhofer ◽  
Sven F. Plappert ◽  
Helga C. Lichtenegger ◽  
Sigrid Bernstorff ◽  
Michael Fitzka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Cellulose Ii ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ray Scattering

In this article we report on the nanostructural changes of a cellulose II aerogel network during compressive strain of up to 80%, which are investigated by in situ small angle X-ray scattering and linked to the corresponding stress–strain curves.

The Structures of Polynuclear Th(IV) Hydrolysis Products

2006 ◽  
Vol 986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Wilson ◽  
S. Skanthakumar ◽  
L. Soderholm
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Polynuclear Complexes ◽  
Single Crystal Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractThe hydrolysis chemistry of the tetravalent actinides is discussed based on recent studies with thorium. The coupling of high energy x-ray scattering and single crystal diffraction has provided insight into the structures of the polynuclear complexes formed by hydrolytic reactions of the tetravalent actinides. The success of these experiments with thorium presents many opportunities for the elucidation of the structures and thermodynamic quantities describing the dissolved polynuclear complexes of the heavier actinides.

An insight into real and average structure from diffuse X-ray scattering – a case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Leszek Chodkiewicz ◽  
Anna Makal ◽  
Roman Gajda ◽  
Dragoslav Vidovic ◽  
Krzysztof Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Scattering ◽  
Organic Salt ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Structure ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Ray Scattering

Two-dimensional diffuse X-ray scattering from an organic salt [N-(3-(2,6-dimethylanilino)-1-methylbut-2-enylidene)-2,6-dimethylanilinium chloride, C21H27N2+Cl−] was interpreted with the help of an analytical model of diffuse scattering. An analysis of the relationship between symmetry and diffuse scattering for the studied system has been undertaken. The symmetry of the system explains the extinction pattern, taking the form of curves, on the diffuse scattering planes. We have also tested the relationship between the average structure model and scattering intensities. Two models, differing in their representation of overlapping atoms, were used. In the case of diffuse scattering the difference between resulting intensities is immense, while for the Bragg intensities it is much smaller. This sensitivity of diffuse scattering could potentially be used to improve the description of the average structure.

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