Analysis of Internet of Things Based on Characteristics, Functionalities, and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62
Author(s):  
Ganesh Khekare ◽  
Pushpneel Verma ◽  
Urvashi Dhanre ◽  
Seema Raut ◽  
Ganesh Yenurkar
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Internet Availability ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) is transpiring technology. In the last decade, demand of IoT has been increased due to various things like the use of smart devices; increased demand for voice-based services; the concept of smart cities has been evolved; more requirements of processed data in fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning; fog computing, deep learning, etc. IoT is expected to reach the milestone of 30 billion IoT units at the end of the year 2020. Internet of things is the network of statutory things like houses, private companies, automobiles, and various objects integrated with sensors, actuators, software, electronic equipment, and internet availability that provides the facility to devices to interchange their data. The main contribution of this article is to provide state of art about the characteristics, functionalities, and challenges of the internet of things and the journey of IoT right from start to how it will make an impact on people's quality of life throughout the world in the near future.

scholarly journals Design a blockchain-based middleware layer in the Internet of Things Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Generation Computing ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In next-generation computing, the role of cloud, internet and smart devices will be capacious. Nowadays we all are familiar with the word smart. This word is used a number of times in our daily life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will produce remarkable different kinds of information from different resources. It can store big data in the cloud. The fog computing acts as an interface between cloud and IoT. The extension of fog in this framework works on physical things under IoT. The IoT devices are called fog nodes, they can have accessed anywhere within the range of the network. The blockchain is a novel approach to record the transactions in a sequence securely. Developing a new blockchains based middleware framework in the architecture of the Internet of Things is one of the critical issues of wireless networking where resolving such an issue would result in constant growth in the use and popularity of IoT. The proposed research creates a framework for providing the middleware framework in the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our main contribution links a new study that integrates blockchains to the Internet of things and provides communication security to the internet of smart devices.

scholarly journals IoT-Fog A Communication Framework using Blockchain in the Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Communication Framework ◽  
Generation Computing ◽  
The Internet Of Things

<p>The fog computing is the emerging technology to compute, store, control and connecting smart devices with each other using cloud computing. The Internet of Things (IoT) is an architecture of uniquely identified interrelated physical things, these physical things are able to communicate with each other and can transmit and receive information. <a>This research presents a framework of the combination of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Fog computing. The blockchain is also the emerging technology that provides a hyper, distributed, public, authentic ledger to record the transactions. Blockchains technology is a secured technology that can be a boon for the next generation computing. The combination of fog, blockchains, and IoT creates a new opportunity in this area. In this research, the author presents a middleware framework based on the blockchain, fog, and IoT. The framework is implemented and tested. The results are found positive. </a></p>

scholarly journals ADLAuth: Passive Authentication Based on Activity of Daily Living Using Heterogeneous Sensing in Smart Cities

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Naseer Malik ◽  
Muhammad Awais Azam ◽  
Muhammad Ehatisham-Ul-Haq ◽  
Waleed Ejaz ◽  
Asra Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things is a rapidly growing paradigm for smart cities that provides a way of communication, identification, and sensing capabilities among physically distributed devices. With the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoTs), user dependence on smart systems and services, such as smart appliances, smartphone, security, and healthcare applications, has been increased. This demands secure authentication mechanisms to preserve the users’ privacy when interacting with smart devices. This paper proposes a heterogeneous framework “ADLAuth” for passive and implicit authentication of the user using either a smartphone’s built-in sensor or wearable sensors by analyzing the physical activity patterns of the users. Multiclass machine learning algorithms are applied to users’ identity verification. Analyses are performed on three different datasets of heterogeneous sensors for a diverse number of activities. A series of experiments have been performed to test the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The results demonstrate the better performance of the proposed scheme compared to existing work for user authentication.

Realm Towards Service Optimization in Fog Computing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-43
Author(s):  
Ashish Tiwari ◽  
Rajeev Mohan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cloud Provider ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Service Optimization

Fog Computing provides resources as a service. Various providers are providing the best form of Quality of Services (QoS) which works in the principal of pay per use. Now it is important to connect the Internet of Things (IoT) services in fog computing. The strategy for choosing a service provider is assessed by which cloud provider provides what.

scholarly journals Smart cities in collaboration with the internet of things

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alirio González Bustamante ◽  
Roberto Ferro Escobar ◽  
Harold Vacca González
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The use of the Internet has Reached a point in the world in Which it has Become essential in everyday life, the need to Have information at hand in the shortest possible time has generated a technological revolution That incurs the constant connection to this tool, from our Personal life to the same objects That we use in daily life, creating a need to check what surrounds us to Improve our quality of life, reason for the birth of the Internet of Things (IoT, for acronym in English), as well as the convergence of our environment through the creation with Technology of smart cities (Smart City in English). In view of the above, this article addresses concepts about the future of smart cities in collaboration with the Internet of things, the advantages and Disadvantages of these, their comparison, reception, adaptability.

scholarly journals A Survey on Blockchain and Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the age of next-generation computer, the role of the cloud, the internet and smart devices will become stronger. These days we all know the word smart well. This word is often used in our daily lives. The Internet of Things (IoT) will generate a variety of information from a variety of resources. It can store big data in the cloud. Fog computing acts as a signal between cloud and IoT. Fog extensions in this framework apply to material under IoT. IoT devices are called Fog nodes, which can be accessed anywhere within the network range. A blockchain is a novel way of recording in a secure sequence. Creating a new framework in the development of Internet of Things is one of the critical problems of wireless communication where solving such a problem can lead to continued growth in the use and popularity of IoT. Proposed research creates a framework for providing a framework for middleware on the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our great offering connects new research that integrates blockchains into the Internet of Things and provides secure Internet connection for smart devices. Blockchain (BC) Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technology that works with low-level, distributed, public and real-time leaders to maintain transactions between IoT sites. A blockchain is a series of blocks, each block being linked to its previous blocks. All blocks have cryptographic hash code, previous block hash, and its data. Transactions in BC are the basic components used to transfer data between IoT nodes. IoT nodes are a variety of portable but smart devices with embedded sensors, actuators, systems and the ability to communicate with other IoT nodes. The role of BC in IoT is to provide a process for processing secure data records using IoT nodes. BC is a protected technology that can be used publicly and openly. IoT requires this type of technology to allow secure communication between IoT nodes in different environments. Events in BC can be tracked and monitored by anyone who is certified to communicate within IoT.

scholarly journals Blockchain and Internet of Things: A Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Internet Of Things

<p>In the age of next-generation computer, the role of the cloud, the internet and smart devices will become stronger. These days we all know the word smart well. This word is often used in our daily lives. The Internet of Things (IoT) will generate a variety of information from a variety of resources. It can store big data in the cloud. Fog computing acts as a signal between cloud and IoT. Fog extensions in this framework apply to material under IoT. IoT devices are called Fog nodes, which can be accessed anywhere within the network range. A blockchain is a novel way of recording in a secure sequence. Creating a new framework in the development of Internet of Things is one of the critical problems of wireless communication where solving such a problem can lead to continued growth in the use and popularity of IoT. Proposed research creates a framework for providing a framework for middleware on the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our great offering connects new research that integrates blockchains into the Internet of Things and provides secure Internet connection for smart devices. Blockchain (BC) Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technology that works with low-level, distributed, public and real-time leaders to maintain transactions between IoT sites. A blockchain is a series of blocks, each block being linked to its previous blocks. All blocks have cryptographic hash code, previous block hash, and its data. Transactions in BC are the basic components used to transfer data between IoT nodes. IoT nodes are a variety of portable but smart devices with embedded sensors, actuators, systems and the ability to communicate with other IoT nodes. The role of BC in IoT is to provide a process for processing secure data records using IoT nodes. BC is a protected technology that can be used publicly and openly. IoT requires this type of technology to allow secure communication between IoT nodes in different environments. Events in BC can be tracked and monitored by anyone who is certified to communicate within IoT.</p>

Realm Towards Service Optimization in Fog Computing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1530-1563
Author(s):  
Ashish Tiwari ◽  
Rajeev Mohan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cloud Provider ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Service Optimization

Fog Computing provides resources as a service. Various providers are providing the best form of Quality of Services (QoS) which works in the principal of pay per use. Now it is important to connect the Internet of Things (IoT) services in fog computing. The strategy for choosing a service provider is assessed by which cloud provider provides what.

scholarly journals ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A SERVICE IN DISTRIBUTED MULTI ACCESS EDGE COMPUTING ON 5G EXTRACTING DATA USING IOT AND INCLUDING AR/VR FOR REAL-TIME REPORTING

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 912-931
Author(s):  
Pavan Madduru
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
The Internet Of Things

To meet the growing demand for mobile data traffic and the stringent requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) applications in emerging cities such as smart cities, healthcare, augmented / virtual reality (AR / VR), fifth-generation assistive technologies generation (5G) Suggest and use on the web. As a major emerging 5G technology and a major driver of the Internet of Things, Multiple Access Edge Computing (MEC), which integrates telecommunications and IT services, provides cloud computing capabilities at the edge of an access network. wireless (RAN). By providing maximum compute and storage resources, MEC can reduce end-user latency. Therefore, in this article we will take a closer look at 5G MEC and the Internet of Things. Analyze the main functions of MEC in 5G and IoT environments. It offers several core technologies that enable the use of MEC in 5G and IoT, such as cloud computing, SDN / NFV, information-oriented networks, virtual machines (VMs) and containers, smart devices, shared networks and computing offload. This article also provides an overview of MEC's ​​role in 5G and IoT, a detailed introduction to MEC-enabled 5G and IoT applications, and future perspectives for MEC integration with 5G and IoT. Additionally, this article will take a closer look at the MEC research challenges and unresolved issues around 5G and the Internet of Things. Finally, we propose a use case that MEC uses to obtain advanced intelligence in IoT scenarios.

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