Managing the Economic Impact of Political Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ole Jakob Bergfjord
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Decisions

Political risk is the risk related to the outcome of political decisions. Such risk comes in many forms and is likely to be important for many firms and individuals. Still, political risk is relatively little analyzed, possibly because it is difficult to quantify and model. In this paper, different types of political risk are discussed, and a model is outlined for how such risk could be measured, analyzed, and coped with from a practical perspective. Finally, the paper provides a brief discussion of whether and how governments should try to reduce this political risk.

The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 810-826
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Erceg ◽  
Zafer Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
New Jobs ◽  
The Way

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are present in our lives, and although they are mostly connected to military purposes, they are becoming more present in the commercial and civilian sector. Possible applications of UAVs in the commercial and civilian sector will open new possibilities for further research and development of UAVs. This movement can bring new investment and new jobs, but at the same time, it will influence the way some activities are being done now. The use of UAVs brings savings in the production cycles and improve current operations in various industrial sectors. The chapter gives a definition and explains different types and potential applications of unmanned aerial vehicles in the word as well as the potential economic impact of their development and use. In the second part, the chapter analyzes the application of drones in Turkey and Croatia. Although different in terms of their size and the number of inhabitants, both countries are at the same level in relation to UAV application. Applications in both countries are compared, and after that, a conclusion is drawn.

Deliberative Democracy and Political Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Green ◽  
Jonathon Kingzette ◽  
Michael Neblo
Keyword(s):  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Small Group Discussions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Political Deliberation ◽  
Informal Settings ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Political Decision Making

Defined expansively as the exchange of politically relevant justifications, political deliberation occurs at many sites in the democratic system. It is also performed by several different types of actors. Here, we review political deliberation based on who is deliberating and what role these deliberations play in making binding decisions. First, ordinary citizens frequently deliberate in informal settings. While these discussions often fail to live up to the standards outlined by deliberative theorists, they typically correlate with other democratic goods, such as increased political participation. Second, there have been several attempts in recent years to construct the conditions necessary for quality deliberation among citizens by organizing small-group discussions in semi-formal settings. Proponents of such discussions argue that they promote a variety of democratic goods, such as political knowledge and better-justified political decisions, and as such should be incorporated into the formal policymaking process. However, critics of these procedural innovations hold that a more deliberative society is unrealistic or, alternatively, that deliberation is not without drawbacks on its own terms. Third, in a limited number of cases, citizens’ deliberations are formally embedded in democratic institutions, serving to advise voters and politicians or directly leading to binding decisions. Finally, political elites deliberate frequently. Opinion leaders attempt to and often succeed in shaping the discourse around issues, while elected officials, bureaucrats, and judges formally deliberate before making almost every binding decision. Surprisingly, though these deliberations happen frequently and likely have substantial effects on policy, they are probably the least studied in the political system, though recent breakthroughs in text analysis offer a path forward to analyzing deliberation among elites more systematically.

The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-85
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Erceg ◽  
Zafer Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
New Jobs ◽  
The Way

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are present in our lives, and although they are mostly connected to military purposes, they are becoming more present in the commercial and civilian sector. Possible applications of UAVs in the commercial and civilian sector will open new possibilities for further research and development of UAVs. This movement can bring new investment and new jobs, but at the same time, it will influence the way some activities are being done now. The use of UAVs brings savings in the production cycles and improve current operations in various industrial sectors. The chapter gives a definition and explains different types and potential applications of unmanned aerial vehicles in the word as well as the potential economic impact of their development and use. In the second part, the chapter analyzes the application of drones in Turkey and Croatia. Although different in terms of their size and the number of inhabitants, both countries are at the same level in relation to UAV application. Applications in both countries are compared, and after that, a conclusion is drawn.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Assessment on Flood Risk Impact: A Methodological Review Toward Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
A Samsuddin ◽  
Z K Kaman ◽  
N Mat Husin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Flood Risk Management ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The disastrous events of land flooding prompt an urgency to flood risk management to counterpart this issue with the concept of flood damage divided into four types: direct, indirect, tangible, and intangible. This paper reviewed previous articles regarding flood risk management with a specific focus on methods used for socio-economic impact assessment towards ensuring a sustainable environment. The methodological approach can be sorted into four (4) main types group which are i) historical disaster statistic method, ii) index system method, iii) scenario simulation analysis, and iv) GIS-based approach. Among others, the integrated GIS-based approach becomes the most practical method in conducting socio-economic assessment for flood risk impact. As most of the socio-economic impact-based studies are conducted in western countries, this paper proposed the idea that for different types of countries such as the Asian countries, differences in topography, weather and seasons will lead to a different scale or possibly different types of socio-economic impact, which may require a new approach of assessing the impact. It is also proposed that any socioeconomic and environmental impact assessment needs to explicitly consider both direct and indirect impact. This is to ensure the approach used is holistic, valid, reliable, and more accurately reflect the real nature of the respective flood risk while the gap of the studies also can be identified.

PREDICTION MARKETS AS A TOOL FOR MANAGEMENT OF POLITICAL RISK

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
O Berrgfjord
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
Prediction Markets ◽  
Prediction Market ◽  
Political Decisions

Recently, several prediction markets for various events have been launched. The literature so far has focused on the predictive power of such markets. This paper considers such markets as tools for management of political risk. It outlines a model for use and pricing of such assets, and discusses the various benefits of a well-functioning, liquid prediction market for political decisions. 

scholarly journals Polish Way: The Light Cossack Cavalry in the Era of Military Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-709
Author(s):  
Aleksander Bołdyrew ◽  
◽  
Karol Łopatecki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Type ◽  
Military Revolution ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
The Military ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Grand Duchy

The aim of the article is to show the way of adaptation of the military potential of the Crown to the Tatar threat, which first emerged in 1468. In connection with the particular geopolitical situation we present the dissimilarity of military reforms from those in Western Europe. In order to prevent Tatar raids, a standing frontier army (obrona potoczna or Permanent Defense) was formed. In the 1520s, an innovative strategy was developed which involved creating two defense lines with a very deep reconnaissance, 500 kilometers east of Lviv, already on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The consequence of applying the new model of defense was a new type of armed forces developed approximately two decades later, the cossack cavalry. The article presents a phenomenon of the creation a unified, in terms of weaponry, light cavalry, the process of which took place in the 1540s and 50s. Earlier the troops had consisted of soldiers differently equipped and armored and using various horses. Out of this chaos there emerged more unified units, which was the result of experiences of south-east borderline defense. The article emphasizes it was neither commanders-in-chief nor political and governmental factors that played a key role in the tactical innovation was mid-level commanders (starosts, rotmistrzes). It was their experiments with different types of arms that brought about a revolution in the rearmament and uniformity of the cavalry. The paper indicates that the main originator of the transformations was the starost of Bar and Trembowla Bernard Pretwicz. A clear influence of political decisions and strategic concepts on the final transformations in the warfare tactics should be noted.

scholarly journals PATTERNS OF RENAISSANCE EPISTOLOGRAPHY IN THE EXPERIMENTAL PROSE OF ALEXANDER ILYANEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-142
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Markov
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Model ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Experimental Prose ◽  
Political Decisions

The online prose of Alexander Ilyanen, recognized as one of the most significant experiments of Russian literature today, is not only a reflection on the possibilities of writing and utterance, but also an experience of rewriting of written forms. Recent prose of Ilyanen is a kind of philological observation of the usability of different types of writing to assemble a meaningful statement about the current quarantine situation. Correlation of these types of writing with the usual genres is not relevant, even introducing general framework of the novel and drama. Renaissance Italian epistolography as a way of producing situations, rather than roman à clef, clarifies Ilyanen’s prose strategies. A detailed analysis of the Renaissance letters by Poggio proves that he did not affirm the new model of language use, reviving the Cicero ideal, but he controlled effects of writing and biography, to improve official policy. The irony, intrigues, hints, social designing in these letters anticipate the tactics of professional blogging by eminent writers, but differ in responsibility for political decisions of both authors and persons mentioned.

scholarly journals The Economic Impact Of The Film And Video Production And Distribution Industry On The Charlotte Regional Economy

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
John E. Connaughton ◽  
Ronald A. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Video Production ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Film And Video ◽  
Total Impact

This report provides measurement of the 2008 economic impacts of the film and video production and distribution industry on the Charlotte regional economy. Officially known as the Charlotte USA Region, this 16 county area is one of Americas fastest-growing metropolitan regions and supports a well established and expanding film and video production and distribution industry. Four different types of economic impacts generated by the film and video production and distribution industry were estimated based on the 2008 information. These impacts include: (1) output impacts; (2) employment impacts; (3) employee and freelancers compensation impacts; and (4) value added impacts. The results are disaggregated to identify the direct economic impact of the film and video production and distribution industry, the indirect (supply chain) impact of the industry, and the induced (re-spending) impact of the industry. The total impact of the industry is then the sum of direct, indirect, and induced impacts.

The extinction time of a general birth and death process with catastrophes

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Extinction Time ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The Laplace transform of the extinction time is determined for a general birth and death process with arbitrary catastrophe rate and catastrophe size distribution. It is assumed only that the birth rates satisfyλ0= 0,λj> 0 for eachj> 0, and. Necessary and sufficient conditions for certain extinction of the population are derived. The results are applied to the linear birth and death process (λj=jλ, µj=jμ) with catastrophes of several different types.

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