Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Akash Shrikhande ◽  
Thierry Galvez ◽  
Nicolas Langendorfer ◽  
Krishna Jain ◽  
Rakesh Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Parietal Region ◽  
Lower Zone ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Supportive Management ◽  
The Brain

The authors discuss the clinical complexities surrounding an 85-year-old male complaining of left sided weakness for one month, along with cough and fever for 20 days. Findings on non-contrast CT scan of the brain showed an acute-on-chronic infarct in the right parietal region, in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery, with lacunar infarct in the left thalamus. A chest radiograph showed a heterogeneous opacity in the right lower zone, and air bronchogram with an elevated right dome of the diaphragm. The patient was diagnosed to have suffered a stroke with a subsequent right-sided pneumonia due to diaphragmatic palsy. The patient was put on ventilator and further supportive management was instituted. This article presents the clinical course of the case and the experiential learning associated with it.

Case history: Use of the Nintendo Wii to increase fine motor dexterity post cerebral vascular accident

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Drexler, MS, LRT/CTRS
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Recreation ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Cerebral Vascular Accident ◽  
Nintendo Wii ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Motor Dexterity ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Use of the low cost commercially available gaming console (Nintendo Wii) is a current trend in the rehabilitation environment. Released in 2006 by Nintendo, Veterans Affairs Medical Centers across the country are just setting one, Wii is being used as a physical, social, and cognitive tool. This case report seeks to provide evidence of its use as a rehabilitation tool for individuals who have experienced a recent stroke. By using whole body movements, the Wii sports games help in both gross motor and fine motor skills as well as in hand–eye coordination. This case study involves an older adult who is recovering from a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and how using the Wii bowling game assisted to increase his fine motor strength and dexterity. CVA or stroke also called a “brain attack” can affect various parts of the brain. There are various signs and symptoms of CVA and these vary in each individual. Some of the signs that an individual having CVA shows are: sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg (especially on one side of the body), sudden confusion, trouble speaking, or understanding speech, sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes, sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, sudden severe headache with no known cause. This case study involved an older adult who experienced a CVA involving hemorrhage in the right cerebellum as revealed in a CT scan. This CVA affected the right hand of this individual. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures. This lets blood to spill into nearby brain tissue, which damages the cells. Some brain cells die because their normal blood supply is cut off. Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist and Author of this case article utilized the Salisbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center Recreational Therapy initial intake assessment and discovered per patient’s report that he had decreased strength and fine motor dexterity in the fingers of his right hand status post CVA. This patient reported that after his stroke, he was not able to hold a utensil in his right hand. This case study speaks the use of the Nintendo Wii in assisting patient to regain use of the fingers of the hand that was affected by the CVA. This article can provide information for other Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialists as to the use of the Nintendo Wii™ as a treatment modality. This device can demonstrate outcomes of improving fine motor dexterity for those who are recovering from a CVA.

Brain Activities in a Skilled versus a Novice Artist: An fMRI Study

Leonardo ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Solso
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Parietal Region ◽  
Facial Information ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Magnetic Reso ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Motor Movements ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Brain

Functional Magnetic Reso-nance Imaging (fMRI) scans of a skilled portrait artist and of a non-artist were made as each drew a series of faces. There was a dis-cernible increase in blood flow in the right-posterior parietal region of the brain for both the artist and non-artist during the task, a site normally associated with facial per-ception and processing. However, the level of activation appeared lower in the expert than in the nov-ice, suggesting that a skilled artist may process facial information more efficiently. In addition, the skilled artist showed greater acti-vation in the right frontal area of the brain than did the novice, which the author posits indicates that such an artist uses “higher-or-der” cognitive functions, such as the formation of associations and planning motor movements, when viewing and drawing a face.

scholarly journals Soft Skill Development Strengthening Program Business Entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Nugroho Juli Setiadi ◽  
Agung Hari Sasongko ◽  
Jajat Sudrajat ◽  
Meiryani Meiryani
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Soft Skill ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Parts

The program to strengthen the concept of genetic intelligence as a concept to improve student soft skills was chosen as one of the concepts and methods to be used for student entrepreneurial development using the experiential learning model. Experiential learning approach is a learning approach where knowledge is constructed through experience transformation. In the concept of genetic intelligence or familiar with the term STIFIn Concept, there are 5 parts of the brain, namely Sensing, Thinking, Intuiting, Feeling and Instinct. The brain turns out to have different parts and chemistry. The results of the STIFIn Concept analysis are knowing the dominance of a person's right or left brain, so that it can be the basis for choosing the right field of entrepreneurship, business partners and business mentors according to their genetic intelligence.

scholarly journals Case Report: A 62-Year-Old Woman With Contrast-Induced Encephalopathy Caused by Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysm

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ming Zhou ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Pengfei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
The Right ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
Supportive Management ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Benign Course

Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare complication of endovascular treatment and is extensively reported as a transient and reversible phenomenon. This report describes a 62-year-old woman for embolization of an internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm. The operation was successful, but postoperation the patient suffered unconsciousness, blindness, hemiplegia, ophthalmoplegia, fever, and seizures. CT of the brain without the contrast showed widespread edema in the right cerebral hemisphere, which is involved in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. She was diagnosed with CIE in time and treated with supportive management as soon as possible, and fortunately, the patient improved a benign course and was discharged without any neurological deficits. This study emphasizes the prevention of the CIE and the importance of early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment.

scholarly journals Multiple cerebral infarction diagnosed as Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis by autopsy

BMC Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Hira ◽  
Hideki Shimura ◽  
Riyu Kamata ◽  
Masashi Takanashi ◽  
Akane Hashizume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Consciousness Disturbance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis

Abstract Background Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare systemic vasculitis of unknown cause involving the brain and accompanied by prominent eosinophilia. Intracardiac thrombosis is a major cardiac complication of EGPA that may cause thromboembolism. Case presentation A 53-year-old man presenting with abulia (consciousness disturbance) and left upper limb paralysis was admitted to our hospital. His case was complicated by penetrating branches, small vessel infarcts, and endocardial thrombosis in the right and left ventricle. Cardiomyopathy was also observed. Sixteen days after admission, the patient died from intracranial hemorrhage. Brain autopsy revealed two major findings: 1) large hemorrhagic infarction caused by cardiac embolism; and 2) granuloma and eosinophil infiltration. Vasculitis was accompanied by eosinophil infiltration in the cortical blood vessels and granuloma. Conclusions In this case study, we report autopsy findings of brain infarction in a patient with EGPA and endocardial thrombosis. The brain infarction was caused by the cardiac embolisms and vasculitis.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Postearthquake Distress on Brain Microstructural Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Sekiguchi ◽  
Yuka Kotozaki ◽  
Motoaki Sugiura ◽  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
Hikaru Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stressful Events ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Left Thalamus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Brain

Stressful events can have both short- and long-term effects on the brain. Our recent investigation identified short-term white matter integrity (WMI) changes in 30 subjects soon after the Japanese earthquake. Our findings suggested that lower WMI in the right anterior cingulum (Cg) was a pre-existing vulnerability factor and increased WMI in the left anterior Cg and uncinate fasciculus (Uf) after the earthquake was an acquired sign of postearthquake distress. However, the long-term effects on WMI remained unclear. Here, we examined the 1-year WMI changes in 25 subjects to clarify long-term effects on the WMI. We found differential FAs in the right anterior Cg, bilateral Uf, left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and left thalamus, suggesting that synaptic enhancement and shrinkage were long-term effects. Additionally, the correlation between psychological measures related to postearthquake distress and the degree of WMI alternation in the right anterior Cg and the left Uf led us to speculate that temporal WMI changes in some subjects with emotional distress occurred soon after the disaster. We hypothesized that dynamic WMI changes predict a better prognosis, whereas persistently lower WMI is a marker of cognitive dysfunction, implying the development of anxiety disorders.

The brain structure and neurosecretory cells of noctuid moth Anadevidia peponis: Noctuidae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Ogawa ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Clock ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
The Right ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The Brain

A virgin female of the noctuid moth, a kind of noctuidae that eats cucumis, etc. performs calling at a fixed time of each day, depending on the length of a day. The photoreceptors that induce this calling are located around the neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the central portion of the protocerebrum. Besides, it is considered that the female’s biological clock is located also in the cerebral lobe. In order to elucidate the calling and the function of the biological clock, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure of the brain. The observation results of 12 or 30 day-old noctuid moths showed that their brains are basically composed of an outer and an inner portion-neural lamella (about 2.5 μm) of collagen fibril and perineurium cells. Furthermore, nerve cells surround the cerebral lobes, in which NSCs, mushroom bodies, and central nerve cells, etc. are observed. The NSCs are large-sized (20 to 30 μm dia.) cells, which are located in the pons intercerebralis of the head section and at the rear of the mushroom body (two each on the right and left). Furthermore, the cells were classified into two types: one having many free ribosoms 15 to 20 nm in dia. and the other having granules 150 to 350 nm in dia. (Fig. 1).

Giant right coronary artery aneurysm

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bonfim ◽  
Ronald Souza ◽  
Sérgio Beraldo ◽  
Frederico Nunes ◽  
Daniel Beraldo
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
Coronary Artery Aneurysms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Right

Right coronary artery aneurysms are rare and may result from severe coronary disease, with few cases described in the literature. Mortality is high, and therapy is still controversial. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with arterial hypertension, and a family history of coronary artery disease, who evolved for 2 months with episodes of palpitations and dyspnea on moderate exertion. During the evaluation, a giant aneurysm was found in the proximal third of the right coronary artery. The patient underwent surgical treatment with grafting of the radial artery to the right coronary artery and ligation of the aneurysmal sac, with good clinical course.

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