Using Geographic Information Systems to Analyze the Distribution and Abundance of Aedes aegypti in Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Joseph Wetherilt Behrens ◽  
Chester G. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks ◽  
Road Data ◽  
The Impact

Increasing attention is being paid to the impact of global climate change on yellow fever and dengue outbreaks. While useful, these studies neglect the role that travel may play in the distribution of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of both viruses. Even less attention has been paid to the role travel patterns play in affecting the ecology of this vector. To help refocus the debate and illustrate how geographic information systems (GIS) can assist analysis, a global study of Ae. aegypti was digitized. Subsequently, several basic and advanced analyses of the surveys located in Africa were undertaken. Publicly available road data for the continent were included, along with recently published LandScan population data. A novel method for examining correlations within the data at various distances was developed. These correlations were then substantiated using Monte Carlo simulation techniques and found to be significant at p<0.001.

Regional Network Analysis of Primary-Industry Truck Traffic on Public Roads in New Zealand by Using Geographic Information Systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Regional Network ◽  
Truck Traffic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Logging Truck

Industrial forestry activities in New Zealand are now in a phase of unprecedented growth: the annual cut will double from 18 million m3 to well over 30 million m3 a year during the next 5 years. Given that most of the wood is taken from forest to mill or port by road in New Zealand, including a portion of the trip on public highways, the impacts of the doubling in logging truck traffic will be significant and severe. New Zealand’s roads have, for the most part, thin-sealed, unbound pavements. New Zealand’s second-largest industrial sector is tourism. Pavements and tourists will feel the impact of the looming increase in logging truck traffic unless steps are taken to anticipate the changes in traffic volumes and patterns. There is the complicating factor that the dairy industry too is now expanding rapidly with associated increases in raw milk tanker traffic. There is some friction between the forest industry and the dairy industry over which will be responsible for the increased strengthening, rehabilitation, and maintenance of roads. Research is under way to use regional network analysis and geographic information systems to predict the increases in heavy-truck traffic and changes in its distribution on public roads. This is the first step toward devising measures to mitigate the impacts and is a precursor to the implementation of pavement management. A unique opportunity exists in southern New Zealand: cooperation between forest operators and government agencies in the Otago and Southland region of the South Island of New Zealand on large-scale projects, providing the environment needed to examine such large, landscape-scale problems.

scholarly journals Using Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) to Identify Valued Landscapes Vulnerable to Sea Level Rise

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6711
Author(s):  
Wayde C. Morse ◽  
Cody Cox ◽  
Christopher J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Landscape Values ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mexico Coast

The U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast has a long history of intense and varied development, from energy infrastructure and seaports to vacation homes and tourism. Coastal populations and development are growing. Concurrently, global climate change will influence sea level rise, resulting in increased flooding, storm surge, and coastal erosion. Regional planners must prepare for sea level rise and develop adaptive solutions to maximize resiliency. Comprehensive coastal vulnerability mapping assessments (CVMA) can integrate social, economic, and physical vulnerability with spatial analysis of natural hazards for local place-based investigations. Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) are a potentially important tool for the spatial collection of stakeholder knowledge for CVMA. The objective of this study was to assess the locations of a range of landscape values, ecosystem services, and development preferences held and identified by the general public using PPGIS to determine if those valued locations are vulnerable to sea level rise. We found that PPGIS can be used to map a wide variety of landscape values and that they can be used to assess vulnerability to sea level rise. We conclude with a discussion on how to integrate PPGIS into participatory CVMA for sea level rise planning.

scholarly journals Education and Training in Applied Remote Sensing in Africa: The ARCSSTE-E Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Agbaje ◽  
Omowumi Alabi ◽  
Etim Offiong
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Technology Education ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Space Science ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Science And Technology Education ◽  
The Impact

In Africa, there is growing knowledge regarding the use of data obtained by remote sensing and analysed while using Geographic Information Systems for solving myriad problems. The awareness has largely arisen through the efforts of the Programme on Space Applications (PSA) of the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), and the subsequent UN resolutions for the establishment of Regional Centres for Space Science and Technology Education, to train scientists and researchers in different thematic areas of space, including Remote Sensing/Geographic Information Systems (RS/GIS). The African Regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education in English (ARCSSTE-E) is one of these regional centres. The Centre has successfully trained 474 professionals from 18 countries since its inception in 1998; about 14% of these trainees have been female. This paper highlights the training programmes of ARCSSTE-E from its inception, and discusses the potential areas of improvement with a focus on the RS/GIS area. In 2019, a survey was conducted on alumni of the Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) programme of ARCSSTE-E. Based on the analysis of their responses and the progression of the PGD programme to a new Masters programme in RS/GIS at the university, there is clear evidence regarding the impact of the UNOOSA-assisted capacity building programme on the work and career of alumni, which has already produced an appreciable number of trained personnel in developing countries in Africa.

scholarly journals SUBSTANTIATION OF THE APPROPRIATENESS OF APPLYING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN LANDSCAPE-ECOLOGICAL MONITORING

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
V. Zatserkovnyi ◽  
L. Plichko ◽  
О. Prylipko ◽  
O. Nikolaienko ◽  
T. Muzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
The Impact

Modern cities are characterized by such negative effects of civilization as urban densification, the pollution of air, water, soil, increasing noise and vibration pollution level, heat islands, the impact of magnetic, electric, ionization fields, etc. There is an unprecedented speed and scale of using various natural resources and contaminating the environment with production and consumption wastes. One of the efficient mechanisms of counteracting these negative effects is landscape-ecological monitoring (LEM) of the present urban ecological infrastructure (constructions and objects designed for protection, restoration and improvement of the natural environment) which is meant to provide the compensating resistance to the consequences of anthropogenic impact. LEM is significant when developing the evidence-based urban environmental policy and optimizing the environmental management system. Taking effective managerial decisions on the improvement of urban environmental situation requires complete and accurate information about basic natural conditions. The research focused on systematic gathering of data on an area mostly belongs to the field of landscape-ecological mapping. The authors have substantiated the necessity of using geographic information systems (GIS) in LEM and presented a model of assessing information gain which can be obtained when applying GIS in LEM. This model enables to assess the reduction of entropy (enhance information content) of LEM system by applying GIS. According to the authors' estimation, the introduction of GIS to LEM will enable to reduce entropy (uncertainty) of a system almost by half, that indicates the need of applying GIS in LEM.

scholarly journals GEOGRAFIA, GEOTECNOLOGIAS E AS NOVAS TENDÊNCIAS DA GEOINFORMAÇÃO: indicação de estudos realizados na região Nordeste

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jonh Lennon Tavares da Silva ◽  
Dyego Freitas Rocha ◽  
Cláudia Maria Sabóia de Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sistemas De Informacion

A difusão do Geoprocessamento, do Sensoriamento Remoto e dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, abriu novas possibilidades de aplicação aos estudos geográficos. Nesse contexto e considerando o método bibliográfico como procedimento de análise, o artigo objetivou: (i) refletir sobre o impacto da postura geotecnológica sobre a meta básica da ciência geográfica, qual seja, explicar a organização do espaço, mediante abordagens e técnicas exitosas; (ii) indicar algumas tecnologias de análise espacial utilizadas no Brasil, evidenciando as novas tendências no contexto da Geoinformação e (iii) discutir a aplicação das Geotecnologias, indicando estudos realizados na região Nordeste. A partir do levantamento preliminar de estudos regionais, infere-se que as Geotecnologias têm grande potencial de aplicação nos estudos de Geografia Física.Palavras-chave: Geoprocessamento; Sistemas de Informação Geográfica; Sensoriamento Remoto; Geoinformação.GEOGRAPHY, GEOTECHNOLOGIES AND THE NEW TRENDS IN GEOINFORMATION: indication of studies accomplished in the Northeast regionABSTRACTWith the spread of Geoprocessing, Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, new applications possibilities was opened for to the geographical studies. In this context and considering the bibliographical method as an analytical procedure, the papper aimed: (i) reflect on the impact of geotechnologic stance on the basic goal of geographical science, that is, explain the organization of space, through successful approaches and techniques; (ii) indicate some spatial analysis technologies used in Brazil, highlighting the new trends in the context of Geoinformation and (iii) discuss the application possibilities of Geotechnologies, indicating studies in the Northeast region. From the preliminary survey of regional studies, it infers that the Geotechnologies have great potential of application in Physical Geography studies.Keywords: Geoprocessing; Geographic Information Systems; Remote Sensing; Geoinformation.GEOGRAFÍA, GEOTECNOLOGÍAS Y LAS NUEVAS TENDENCIAS EN GEOINFORMACIÓN: indicación de estudios realizados en la región NordesteRESUMENLa difusión del Geoprocesamiento, Sensoriamento Remoto y Sistemas de Información Geográficas abrieron nuevas posibilidades de aplicación a los estudios geográficos. En este contexto y teniendo en cuenta el método bibliográfico como procedimiento analítico, el artículo tiene como objetivo: (i) reflexionar sobre el impacto de la postura geotecnológica en el objetivo básico de la ciencia geográfica, que es explicar la organización del espacio, a través de enfoques y técnicas exitosas; (ii) indicar algunas tecnologías de análisis espacial utilizadas en Brasil, destacando las nuevas tendencias en el contexto de la Geoinformación y (iii) discutir las posibilidades de aplicación de Geotecnologias, indicando estudios realizados en la región Nordeste. A partir del levantamiento preliminar de estudios regionales, se pudo inferir que las Geotecnologias tienen un gran potencial para su aplicación en los estudios de Geografía Física.Palabras clave: Geoprocesamiento; Sistemas de Información Geográficas; Sensoriamento Remoto; Geoinformación.

scholarly journals On the Use of Geographic Information Systems in Economic History: The American Transportation Revolution Revisited

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Atack
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Transportation improvements in the nineteenth century loom large in the historiography of the profession during the twentieth century. This article describes the ongoing construction of a historical geographic information systems (GIS) transportation database designed to provide new insights into the impact of the transportation and communications revolution in the continental United States by providing evidence on the spatial dimensions of those changes over time. It also reviews some preliminary findings and reinterpretations based upon these data.

Geographic Information Systems in Developing Countries

2002 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E. Mennecke ◽  
Lawrence A. West Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
National Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Impact

Decision making at the national level in both developing and developed countries requires the integrated use of information from a multitude of sources. Both local and national governments in many developed countries have found geographic information systems (GIS) to be a critical tool in resource management, regional planning, and economic development. Unfortunately, the practical use of GIS in many developing countries is hampered by the lack of accurate and detailed spatial and demographic data, political considerations, and management issues. To highlight importance of these issues, we present a framework for GIS adoption in less developed countries and discuss these and other constraints in the context of this framework. We also offer ideas for technical, managerial, and policy initiatives that should be helpful in addressing impediments to GIS adoption. These ideas are summarized in a set of propositions and a related framework that shows our expectations about the impact of these initiatives on implementation success.

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