scholarly journals Visual selection of Urochloa ruziziensis genotypes for green biomass yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e42444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi Henrique Lima Teixeira ◽  
Flávia Maria Avelar Gonçalves ◽  
José Airton Rodrigues Nunes ◽  
Fausto Souza Sobrinho ◽  
Flávio Rodrigo Gandolfi Benites ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Visual Selection ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Clonal Test

The breeding program of Urochloa ruziziensis evaluates many genotypes in initial phases. Evaluations through grades might make the selection less costly. The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of visual selection for green biomass yield in relation to different selection strategies, such as mass selection by phenotypic mean, BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) and at random. For this purpose, 2,309 regular genotypes were evaluated in an augmented block design in two cuts. The evaluators gave grades for plant vigor, and later, the plots were measured for green biomass yield. The coincidences of the selected genotypes were estimated by different selection strategies. Then, 254 clones of the genotypes selected in different strategies were evaluated in a clonal test in a triple lattice design in four cuts. The statistical analyses were performed in SAS using the Mixed procedure. The regular genotype level and clone-mean basis heritabilities were 31.16 and 62.91%, respectively, for green mass yield. The expected selection gains were 21.09% (visual), 25.43% (phenotypic mean), and 27.5% (BLUP). Moreover, the realized heritabilities for these strategies were 15.58, 11.87, and 15.86%, respectively, which might be associated with genotype by environment interaction. Therefore, the visual selection could be a useful strategy in initial phases of a U. ruziziensis breeding program because the efficiency was moderate to high in relation to phenotypic mean and BLUP.

Evaluation of sugarcane genotypes with respect to sucrose yield across three crop cycles using GGE biplot analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Aliya Momotaz ◽  
Per H. McCord ◽  
R. Wayne Davidson ◽  
Duli Zhao ◽  
Miguel Baltazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Area 5 ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Effects

Summary The experiment was carried out in three crop cycles as plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon at five locations on Florida muck soils (histosols) to evaluate the genotypes, test locations, and identify the superior and stable sugarcane genotypes. There were 13 sugarcane genotypes along with three commercial cultivars as checks included in this study. Five locations were considered as environments to analyze genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) in 13 genotypes in three crop cycles. The sugarcane genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with six replications at each location. Performance was measured by the traits of sucrose yield tons per hectare (SY) and commercial recoverable sugar (CRS) in kilograms of sugar per ton of cane. The data were subjected to genotype main effects and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) analyses. The results showed significant effects for genotype (G), locations (E), and G × E (genotype × environment interaction) with respect to both traits. The GGE biplot analysis showed that the sugarcane genotype CP 12-1417 was high yielding and stable in terms of sucrose yield. The most discriminating and non-representative locations were Knight Farm (KN) for both SY and CRS. For sucrose yield only, the most discriminating and non-representative locations were Knight Farm (KN), Duda and Sons, Inc. USSC, Area 5 (A5), and Okeelanta (OK).

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction for seeds yield in pea (Pisum sativum L.) using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Jerzy Księżak ◽  
Kamila Nowosad
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Multiplicative Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the genotype by environment interaction using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model for seeds yield of pea cultivars grown in Poland. Twelve pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars: Bohun, Boruta, Cysterski, Ezop, Kavalir, Lasso, Medal, Santana, Tarchalska, Terno, Wenus and Zekon were evaluated in 20 environments (ten locations in 2 years). The experiment was laid out as randomized complete block design with three replicates. Seeds yield ranged from 26.10 dt ha−1 (for Wenus in Radostowo 2011) to 79.73 dt ha−1 (for Lasso in Słupia 2010), with an average of 50.70 dt ha−1. AMMI analyses revealed significant genotype and environmental effects as well as genotype-by-environment interaction with respect to seeds yield. In the analysis of variance, 89.19% of the total seeds yield variation was explained by environment, 1.65% by differences between genotypes, and 8.33% by GE interaction. The cultivar Terno is the highest stability. The cultivar Tarchalska is recommended for further inclusion in the breeding program because its stability and the highest averages of seeds yield.

scholarly journals Genotype by Environment Interaction for Grain Yield of Barley Mutant Lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Boryana Dyulgerova ◽  
Nikolay Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Stable Mutant ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Mutant Lines

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the genotype by environment interaction for grain yield and to identify high-yielding and stable mutant lines of 6-rowed winter barley under different growing seasons. The study was carried out during 7 growing seasons from 2010 – 2011 to 2016 – 2017 in the experimental field of the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat, Southeastern Bulgaria. Fourteen advanced mutant lines and the check variety Vesletc were studied using a complete block design with 4 replications. The AMMI analysis of variance indicated that 20.54% of the variation for grain yield was explained by the effect of genotype and 37.34% and 42.12% were attributable to the environmental effects and genotype by environment interaction. The magnitude of the genotype by environment interaction was two times larger than that of genotypes, indicating that there was a substantial difference in genotype response across environments. The AMMI and GGE biplot analyses identified G9 as the highest yielding and stable genotype. This mutant line can be recommended for further evaluation for variety release. The mutant lines G6, G13 and G15 were suggested for inclusion in the breeding program of winter barley due to its high grain yield and intermediate stability.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction and yield stability of hybrid maize varieties evaluated in three locations of mid altitudes of Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Rwasimitana ◽  
Ngaboyisonga Claver ◽  
Ukozehasi Celestin ◽  
Eva Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hybrid Maize

A multi-environment yield trial is important to understand the genotype by environment interaction and to select high performing and stable crop varieties. The aim of this study was to identify high yielding and stable hybrid maize varieties for mid altitudes of Rwanda, to compare the performance of new hybrid varieties with commercial checks, and to determine the extent of genotype by environment interaction. Maize is a staple crop used to fight hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. Different varieties have been released to increase yield including Open Pollinated Varieties (OPVs) and hybrids. Genotype by Environment interaction is an issue that all breeding program need to overcome. In the future, improved varieties will be needed in order to increase income for farmers and help in food security Field experiments were conducted to assess the performance and the stability of 27 maize varieties in the mid altitudes zone of Rwanda in the Cyabayaga, Rubona and Bugarama sites. The experimental design was alpha lattice (0,1) with a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were collected for a number of characters i.e. silking, Antesis-Silking Interval (ASI), plant height, plant aspect, ear per plant, husk cover, ear aspect, ear rot and grain yield. Data were analyzed by GenS Stat statistical computer package, Discovery Edition. ANOVA and AMMI analysis were applied to assess the performance and the stability of varieties and the degree of genotype by environment interaction (G×E). In addition, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were conducted to assess relationships between varieties. The results showed that RHM1706, RHMM1701, RHM1409, RHMM1707, WH509, RHMM1704, RHM407, WH101, RHMM1710, RHMM1708, PAN53 and RHM104 were stable across locations. Furthermore, the evaluated varieties were found to cluster into five groups. Varieties found to be most stable are recommended for further use.

scholarly journals Models for multi-environment yield trials with fixed and random block effects and homogeneous and heterogeneous residual variances.

1969 ◽  
Vol 91 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Fernando Casanoves ◽  
Raúl Macchiavelli ◽  
Mónica Balzarini
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Heterogeneous Variances ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Residual Variances

Multi-Environment Trials (METs) are used to make recommendations about genotypes at many stages of plant breeding programs. Because of the genotype-environment interaction, METs are usually conducted in various environments (locations and/or years), using designs which involve several repetitions (plots) for each genotype at each environment. The stratification or blocking of plots within each environment enables one to consider part of the variability due to differences between plots. The objective of this study was to see how frequently the problem of heterogeneous variances across environments appears in Peanut Breeding Program METs, and to evaluate the effects of diverse spatial modeling strategies on the comparison of genotype means in each environment. A series of 18 METs in a peanut breeding program with randomized complete block design in each environment were simultaneously adjusted by using 1) classic analysis of variance models (fixed and random block effects); 2) mixed models adjusted with homogenous and heterogeneous residual variances to take into account that experiments conducted in different environments may vary in precision (residual variances). The results suggest that the analysis of variance models with a block design and heteroscedastic errors between locations are more appropriate than their homogeneous residual variance versions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genotype by Environment Interaction on Cocoa Hybrids (Theobroma cacao L.) Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Agung Wahyu Soesilo ◽  
Indah Anita Sari ◽  
Bayu Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wet Climate ◽  
The Stability

Phenomenon of genotype by environment interaction was able to influence the stability performance of cocoa resistance to Phytophthora pod rot (PPR). This research had an objective to evaluate the effect of genotype by environment interaction on resistance of cocoa hybrids to PPR. The tested hybrids were F1 crosses between selected clones of TSH 858, Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, NIC 7, ICS 13, KEE 2 and KW 165. There were 14 tested hybrids and an open pollinated hybrid of ICS 60 x Sca 12 was used as control in multilocation trials at four different agroclimatic locations, namely Jatirono Estate ((highland-wet climate), Kalitelepak Estate (lowland-wet climate), Kaliwining Experimental Station (low land-dry climate) and Sumber Asin Experimental Station (highland-dry climate). Trials were established in the randomized complete block design with four replications. Resistance to PPR were evaluated based on the percentage of infected pod for the years during wet climate of 2010 in Jatirono, Kalitelepak and Kaliwining followed in dry climate of 2011–2015 in Kaliwining and Sumber Asin. Variance of data were analyzed for detecting the effect of genotype by environment interaction (GxE) then visualized with a graph of genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction (a graph of GGE) biplot. There was consistently no interaction effect between hybrid and location to PPR incidence which was affected by single factor of hybrid, year, location and interaction between year and location. The effect of year indicated yearly change of weather was more important to PPR incidence than location difference. A graph of GGE biplot indicated a stable performance of the tested hybrids among locations.

scholarly journals Recurrent selection in inbred popcorn families

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máskio Daros ◽  
Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Jr. ◽  
Messias Gonzaga Pereira ◽  
Fabrício Santana Santos ◽  
Ana Paula Cândido Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Although much appreciated in Brazil, commercial popcorn is currently cropped on a fairly small scale. A number of problems need to be solved to increase production, notably the obtaintion of seeds with good agronomic traits and good culinary characteristics. With the objective of developing superior genotypes in popcorn, a second cycle of intrapopulation recurrent selection based on inbred S1 families was carried out. From the first cycle of selection over the UNB-2U population, 222 S1 families were obtained, which were then divided into six sets and evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications within the sets. Experiments were carried out in two Brazilian localities. The analysis of variance revealed environmental effects for all evaluated traits, except popping and stand, showing that, for most traits, these environments affected genotype behavior in different ways. In addition, the set as source of variation was significant for most of the evaluated traits, indicating that dividing the families into sets was an efficient strategy. Genotype-by-environment interaction was detected for most traits, except popping expansion and stand. Differences among genotypes were also detected (1% F-test), making viable the proposition of using the genetic variability in the popcorn population as a basis for future recurrent selection cycles. Superior families were selected using the Smith and Hazel classic index, with predicted genetic gains of 17.8% for popping expansion and 26.95% for yield.

scholarly journals GGE-Biplot Analysis of Multi-Environment Yield Trials of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Yayis Rezene
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Lattice Design

The present study was conducted on thirty-six common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes across six contrasting environments defined for its different soil fertility status and located at the southern Ethiopia. The genotypes were arranged in 6 x 6 triple lattice design and executed for two successive main cropping seasons with the objectives to evaluate yield performance of common bean genotypes and identification of mega environments. GGE (i.e., G = genotype and GE = genotype by environment, interaction) bi-plot methodology was used for graphical presentation of yield data after subjecting the genotypic means of each environment to GGE Bi-plot software. The first two principal components (AXIS 1 and AXIS2) were used to display a two-dimensional GGE bi-plot. Thus, genotypic AXIS1 scores >0 classified the high yielding genotypes while AXIS2 scores <0 identified low yielding genotypes. Unlike genotypic AXIS1, genotypic AXIS2, scores near zero showed stable genotypes whereas large AXIS2 scores classified the unstable ones. The environmental AXIS1 were related to crossover nature of GEI while AXIS2 scores were associated with non-cross over GEI. The six test environments in the southern region were divided in to two distinct mega environments (Mega-1 and 2). Mega-1 constituted GOHF13, ARMF12 and ARLF13 while genotype 14 (SCR10) being the best winner, on the other hand, Mega-2 contained GOHF12 and while common bean genotype 20(SCR17) being the best winner. The results of this study indicated that breeding for specific adaptation should be taken as a breeding strategy in southern region to exploit positive GEI to increase production and productivity of common bean.

scholarly journals Analysis for Yield Stability of The Promising Cocoa Hybrids at Diverse Agro-climatic Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Wahyu Soesilo
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Wet Climate

Analysis for yield stability on cocoa hybrids has objective to select high yielding hybrid with stable performance throughout the different agro-climatic conditions. These hybrids were crossed between selected clones of TSH 858, KEE 2, KW 162, KW 163 2, KW 165, ICS 13 and NIC 7. Fourteen hybrids were tested with control in a series of multilocation trial at the locations which were classified by altitude and climate differences such as lowland of dry climate in KP Kaliwining, lowland of wet climate in Kalitelepak Plantation, medium highland of wet climate in Jatirono Plantation and medium highland of dry climate in KP Sumber Asin. Trials were established at the randomizedcomplete block design with 4 blocks where in a plot planted 16-24 trees. Yield assessment was evaluated during 4 consecutive years of harvest by counting the number of pods per tree then converted using yield components and bean quality. Stability analysis was performed in linier basis for the yield. The combined analysis of variance performed a significant effect of interaction between hybrid and location within year that means an effect of genotype by environment interaction. Of the tested hybrids, TSH 858 x KEE 2, TSH 858 x KW 162, KW 162 x KEE 2 and the reciprocal performed higher value of the yield than control with deviation to regression (S2di) equal to zero and coefficient of regression (bi) equal to one except for KEE 2 x KW 162 with bi >1. It could be interpreted that those hybrids were stable to perform the yield and well adapted through the locations except for KEE 2 x KW 162 which specifically adapted to the more suitable condition. By respecting to the potency of yield, bean quality and vascular streak dieback resistance, TSH 858 x KW 162 has been released as new hybrid variety and renamed as ICCRI 06H. The hybrid was characterized by the yield potency of 1.99 kg/tree, a dry bean of 1.07 g and fat content of 54.3%. Key words: Stability analysis, yield, Theobroma cacao L., promising hybrids, agro-climatic condition.

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