The Effects of Carbon Black Loading on the Characteristics of Carbon Composite Bipolar Plate by Utilizing Graphite Waste Products

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Yunita Sadeli ◽  
Johny W. Soedarsono ◽  
Bambang Prihandoko ◽  
Sri Harjanto
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Waste Products

Current energy resources derived from fossil fuels thinning, and the issue global warning make the relevant parties that concern about the environment has been trying to find alternative renewable energy. Among the renewable energy options, the fuel cell is one of the many alternatives studied by the researchers in the world. One type of fuel cell that is currently being investigated is the proton exchange membrane fuel cell cel. The utilization of graphite and carbon black waste product is expected to result in light-weight and cost-effective bipolar plates.by using recycle materials. In this paper, we used graphite EAF as reinforcement together with carbon black that comes from the coconut husk pyrolysis process and epoxy resin as a binder. We examined the effects of carbon black loading at 5 %wt and 10 %wt, which influenced by differential pressure applied on compression molding process on density, porosity, flexural strength and electrical conductivity of the resulting polymer carbon composite bipolar plate. Pressure was applied from 30 MPa - 60 MPa in increments of 5 MPa while maintaining constant temperature operation at 70oC for 4 hours. Maximum value of bipolar plate was achieved by 5 %wt CB at application 55 MPa, density of 1.69 g/cm3, the flexural strength was measured to be 48 MPa with the porosity of 0.7%, and electrical conductivity of 1.03 S/cm.We demonstrated that waste product such as graphite EAF and carbon black are a good candidate for manufacturing of polymer carbon composite bipolar plates.

The Effect of Addition of Multi Wall Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNT) Reinforcement to the Characteristics of Carbon Composite Bipolar Plate

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2060-2064
Author(s):  
Yunita Sadeli ◽  
Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono ◽  
Bambang Prihandoko ◽  
Sri Harjanto
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Bipolar Plates ◽  
Compression Moulding

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEFMC) or also known as proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a chemical conversion device that converts hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, heat, and water. One of the most important components of PEMFC is bipolar plate, in which it allows for electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of the addition of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to increase the mechanical and electrical properties of bipolar plate carbon polymer composite. We utilized graphite waste product from electric arc smelting as reinforcementand carbon black made from coconut husk by pyrolysis process as a filler. Bipolar plates were made by compression moulding method at a pressure of 55 MPa and a temperature of 100 o C for 4 hours. Characterization in this study includes density testing, porosity testing, flexural testing, electrical conductivity testing, and observation of the flexural fracture morphology using FESEM. Based on this study, it showed that the addition of 5 %wt MWCNT yielded optimal properties of the bipolar plate (the density was 1.51 g/cm3, the value of porosity was 1.94 %, the flexural strength was 63.31 MPa, and the electrical conductivity was 2.30 S/cm). In conclusion, adding MWCNT as reinforcement in PEMC bipolar plates could reduce the density and the porosity. Thus, it could improve the electrical conductivity and flexural strength of the bipolar plate carbon polymer composites.

The Effects of Compression Pressure Applied on the Manufacture of Carbon Composite Bipolar Plate for PEMFC by Utilizing Graphite Waste Products

2011 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunita Sadeli ◽  
Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono ◽  
Bambang Prihandoko ◽  
Sri Harjanto
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Bipolar Plates ◽  
Waste Products

Proton electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have near zero carbon dioxide and hazardous pollutant emission. Thus, it is considered as one of energy sources for transportation and other application which can improve environmental performance by decreasing the emission of greenhouse gases and other air pollutant. In accordance with its environmental preservation values, graphite waste product from electric arc furnace (graphite EAF) was chosen as a potential candidate material for bipolar plate for PEMFC. The utilization of graphite waste product is expected to result in light-weight and cost-effective bipolar plates. In this paper, we used graphite EAF as a filler together with carbon black and epoxy resin as a binder. We examined the effects of differential pressure applied on compression molding process on density, porosity, flexural strength and electrical conductivity of the resulting carbon polymer composite bipolar plate. Pressure was applied from 30 MPa - 60 MPa in increments of 5 MPa while maintaining constant temperature operation at 700C for 4 hours. Maximum value of bipolar plate density was achieved at application 55 MPa, of 1.69 g/cm3. At this condition, the flexural strength was measured to be 48 MPa with the porosity of 0.7%, and electrical conductivity of 1.03 S/cm. Taken together, we demonstrated that graphite EAF is a good candidate for the manufacturing of polymer composite bipolar plates.

Graphene Reinforced Composite Bipolar Plate for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biraj Kumar Kakati ◽  
Avijit Ghosh ◽  
Anil Verma
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Hydrogen Permeability ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Bipolar Plates ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electrical Conductivities

Composite bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) were developed by compression molding technique using vinyl ester resin as a binder and natural graphite, carbon black, and carbon fiber as conductive reinforcements. The developed bipolar plates were characterized for electrical conductivity, flexural strength, deflection at mid-span, hydrogen permeability, and morphology. The in-plane and through-plane electrical conductivities of the composite bipolar plate (VER:25%;CB:5%;CF:5%;NG:65%) were 355.05 and 95.96 S·cm−1, respectively. The flexural strength of the same bipolar plate was 53.50 MPa with a deflection of 5.37%. The hydrogen permeability of the bipolar plate was in the order of 10−9 cm3·cm−1·s−1 at 50°C. The overall properties of the composite bipolar plate were found to achieve the benchmark set by USA-Department of Energy. However, the through-plane electrical conductivity of the above composite was edge below the target value. Therefore, graphene, being one of the most electrical conductive materials, has been reinforced into the composite bipolar plate. The results were very encouraging as 1% graphene reinforcement increased the in-plane and through-plane electrical conductivities of the bipolar plate by around 6 and 35%, respectively. The performance of a PEMFC was evaluated using the developed bipolar plate in in-situ condition.

The Development of a Heterogeneous Composite Bipolar Plate of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-San Lee ◽  
Long-Jeng Chen ◽  
Zheng-Ru He ◽  
Shih-Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A new high performance, low cost heterogeneous composite bipolar plate has been developed. Unlike the well publicized carbon composite bipolar plate, in which graphite powder and plastics are mixed thoroughly, the new plate has its “ribs” made of flexible and loose carbon fiber bunches while the rest of the plate is plain plastic. This design has brought many advantages: low contact resistance acquired under very low compression force, less stack weight and volume, full electrode utilization, and thus high performance and low cost. It also eliminates the need for supplementary devices for fuel circulation among cells in a stack and makes DMFC portable.

Preparation of Polymer Composite Bipolar Plate with Different Multi-Filler for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zulkefli Selamat ◽  
Mohd Shakir Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Ahadlin Mohd Daud ◽  
Musthafa Mohd Tahir ◽  
Safaruddin Gazali Herawan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is an alternative energy system that has been verified with great potential for high power density, durability and cost effectiveness. Since the bipolar plate is the key component in PEMFC, the component must operate with multifunction and have a balance of properties, essentially well in both electrical and mechanical properties. At present, many different materials have been tested to be applied for bipolar plate in order to fulfill the balance in each property. In this work, the different material is tested and observed. Polypropylene (PP) is used as a binder material, Graphite (Gr) is used as a main filler and Carbon Black (CB), Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni) as the second filler. This composite is produced through compression molding and the effect of different filler material loading on the properties such as electrical conductivity, flexural strength, bulk density and shore hardness are observed. The result showed the increasing of electrical conductivity as the increased the CB and Fe loading. But for Ni, the result showed the decreasing of electrical conductivity as the loading of Ni has been increased. The targeted value also achieved for some certain degree of filler loading.

The durability investigation of a 10‐cell metal bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2605-2614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailin Fu ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Yanan Chen ◽  
Shang Li ◽  
Chao Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Exchange Membrane
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