Welding Fume Exposure among Welders in Small Size Welding Workshops in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 1292-1296
Author(s):  
Azian Hariri ◽  
Abdul Mutalib Leman ◽  
Mohammad Zainal M. Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Welding Fumes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Exposure Limit ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Welding fumes has both acute and long term chronic hazards. Small size welding workshops often have the drawback in health and safety consciousness. This study is conducted to investigate the personal welding fumes exposure among welders in small size welding workshop. Two workshops were selected to represent a very small welding workshop (2 workers) and a medium workshop (8 workers). The main activities in these workshops were metal inert gas welding (MIG) process onto mild steel material. Welding fumes was sampled for 8 hours and analyze by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of the study showed that only iron element existed notably in time weighted average (TWA) 8 hours calculation for both workshops. However, welding fumes exposure for both workshops were well below the permissible exposure limit (PEL) as stated in the Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemical Hazardous to Health regulation (USECHH) 2000 under the Malaysian Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994.

Metal-Organic Frameworks vs. Buffers: Case Study of UiO-66 Stability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bůžek ◽  
Slavomír Adamec ◽  
Kamil Lang ◽  
Jan Demel
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metal Organic

<div><p>UiO-66 is a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) that has numerous applications. Our group recently determined that UiO-66 is not as inert in aqueous dispersions as previously reported in the literature. The present work therefore assessed the behaviour of UiO-66 in buffers: 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (TRIS), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES), N-ethylmorpholine (NEM) and phosphate buffer (PB), all of which are commonly used in many UiO-66 applications. High pressure liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to monitor degradation of the MOF. In each buffer, the terephthalate linker was released to some extent, with a more pronounced leaching effect in the saline forms of these buffers. The HEPES buffer was found to be the most benign, whereas NEM and PB should be avoided at any concentration as they were shown to rapidly degrade the UiO-66 framework. Low concentration TRIS buffers are also recommended, although these offer minimal buffer capacity to adjust pH. Regardless of the buffer used, rapid terephthalate release was observed, indicating that the UiO-66 was attacked immediately after mixing with the buffer. In addition, the dissolution of zirconium, observed in some cases, intensified the UiO-66 decomposition process. These results demonstrate that sensitive analytical techniques have to be used to monitor the release of MOF components so as to quantify the stabilities of these materials in liquid environments.</p></div>

Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Investigating Nonlinear Response Observed in Pulse Counting Mode and Extending the Linear Dynamic Range by Compensating for Dead Time Related Count Losses on a Microsecond Timescale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Strenge ◽  
Carsten Engelhard
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Dynamic Range ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

<p>The article demonstrates the importance of using a suitable approach to compensate for dead time relate count losses (a certain measurement artefact) whenever short, but potentially strong transient signals are to be analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Findings strongly support the theory that inadequate time resolution, and therefore insufficient compensation for these count losses, is one of the main reasons for size underestimation observed when analysing inorganic nanoparticles using ICP-MS, a topic still controversially discussed.</p>

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