R&D, Technology Transfer and Innovation Performance: Evidence from Chinese Industries

2010 ◽  
Vol 108-111 ◽  
pp. 1302-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Domestic Technology ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
Integration Analysis ◽  
Chinese Industries

Based on the data of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises put forward by National Bureau of Statistics of China, over the period 1991-2007, this paper empirically investigates the dynamic econometrical relationship among R&D, technology transfer, including imports of technology and purchase of domestic technology and innovation performance which is denoted by new product sales, using ADF unit root test, co-integration analysis and granger causality test. The empirical research results indicate that innovation performance is granger causing R&D and technology transfer, while R&D and technology transfer are not granger causing innovation performance. Neither the feedback effect between R&D and innovation performance nor that between technology transfer and innovation performance is occurring.

scholarly journals MORTGAGE FINANCING AND HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris O. Udoka ◽  
Mary Kpataene
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Savings And Loans ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

This study examined mortgage financing and housing development in Nigeria. The main focus of this research was to ascertain the impact of mortgage loan in housing development in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, data were extracted from CBN statistical bulletin and National Bureau of Statistics from 1990 to 2014. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested using econometric models such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, the co-integration tests revealed the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables. The Error Correction Model established causal links and dynamic interactions between variables by granger causality test. The result of the findings showed a significant relationship between mortgage financing and housing development in Nigeria. Variables such as mortgage loan and interest rate had positive and significant impact on housing development while cost of building had a negative effect on housing development in Nigeria. Further findings revealed that mortgage bank deposit had positive effect on mortgage investment while inflation had a negative effect on mortgage investment. The study recommended that mortgage institution in Nigeria should develop strategies to mobilize more deposits and explore new sources of fund such as funds from the capital market via housing bonds, savings and loans from co-operative societies. Government should create an enabling environment for private housing sector in housing development in Nigeria by providing infrastructure and enhancing soundness and competitiveness of mortgage institutions in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Examining the Linkage between Poverty and Macroeconomic Variables in Malaysia: A Co-integration Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Gurmit Kaur ◽  
Siti Ayu Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Integration Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to examine the linkage between the macroeconomic variables i.e. gross domestic product per capita (GDP), unemployment (UNE), tourist receipts (TOU), consumer price index (CPI) and poverty rate (POV) in Malaysia from 1969-2014. The econometric techniques used are unit root test and the Johansen Cointegration. The Granger Causality test using Block Exogeneity Wald test was added to analyze the causal relationships between the variables. The unit root test showed that all variables were stationary at first difference and thus the Johansen Co-integration test is an appropriate technique to employ. The evidence from co-integration test indicates that all the five series have three (3) co-integrating equations and significance at 1 percent level of significance. The causality test indicated there is a significant unidirectional causality between POV on GDP, CPI on POV, POV on TOU, GDP on UNE, GDP on TOU and CPI on TOU and bidirectional causality between POV and UNE. This paper is possibly the first to discuss these relationships in Malaysian context using Co-integration analysis. The finding implies that poverty is the key issue that should be addressed to achieve a high-income country status in the year 2020.

Effects of technological innovation on eco-efficiency of industrial enterprises in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wan ◽  
Biao Luo ◽  
Tieshan Li ◽  
Shanyong Wang ◽  
Liang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Independent Innovation ◽  
Domestic Technology ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Modes ◽  
Technology Import

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the relation between technological innovation modes and their impact on eco-efficiency of industrial enterprises in China. Design/methodology/approach – This paper first constructs a model to evaluate and measure the eco-efficiency of industrial enterprises in China from 2006 to 2010. Second, this paper compares the role of technological innovation modes – specifically, domestic independent innovation, foreign technology import and domestic technology transfer – in improving eco-efficiency of industrial enterprises in the Eastern, Central and Western regions of China by logarithmic regression. Findings – The study finds that domestic independent innovation has a positive significant influence in improving eco-efficiency of industrial enterprises in the Eastern region; domestic technology transfer has a positive significant role in the Central region; and foreign technology import and domestic technology transfer positively affect the Western region. Originality/value – This paper is the first to identify the role of technological innovation modes in improving eco-efficiency. The findings can help enterprises in the three regions adopt the most effective technological innovation mode. In addition, the results provide valuable insights into policy development to improve China’s overall eco-efficiency and to balance economic and industrial development among the three regions.

Do Petroleum Product Pump Prices Influence Economic Growth in Nigeria? An Empirical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Jude Chukwunyere Iwuoha ◽  
Florence Chigozirim Awoke ◽  
Chiwuike Ubah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Price Adjustment ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Fuel Pump ◽  
Price Adjustments ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the impact of fuel pump price adjustment and the causal relationship between fuel pump price adjustments and economic growth in Nigeria using secondary data extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria annual report and National Bureau of Statistics publications spanning from 1980 - 2019. Descriptive statistics, unit root test, Johansen cointegration test, VECM and Granger causality test were employed to analyse the data. The result showed that a 1% increase in the prices of PMS and AGO increased economic growth by 0.014%, 0.038% and 0.018% respectively while AGO is reduced by 0.002%. Also the prices of PMS, AGO and DPK does not granger cause economic growth in Nigeria within the period under this study meaning that any macroeconomic policy that affects economic growth should be pursued independent of fuel pump prices as any policy aimed at influencing economic growth through pump price adjustments seems to be ineffective.

scholarly journals Impact of Money Market Instruments on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishola, Oluwatosin Pelumi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Money Market ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Treasury Bill ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Money market instruments play a crucial role in the growth and development of the Nigerian economy. Still, it is not yet vibrant and constrained by the absence of sub-markets and availability of adequate credit instruments required for the smooth operations of the market. The study examine the impact of money market instruments (Treasury bill, Treasury certificates, Certificate of Deposits, Banker’s Acceptances, Development Stock and Commercial Papers) on Economic growth based on secondary data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) publications for 30 years. The study employed statistical techniques such as ADF, Unit Root Test, OLS, multiple-regression and Granger Causality Test to analysis data collected for the study covering the period 1990-2020. The study observed that Bank acceptance and Commercial paper granger cause Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Treasury bill, Treasury certificate and commercial papers have a positive relationship with GDP, but its effect is insignificant in the long run. But banker’s acceptance and certificate of deposits has a positive and significant effect on GDP in the long run. In contrast, development stock has no significant effect on GDP in the short and the long run with no granger causal relationship with GDP. The study therefore recommends that Nigerian money market should be reformed in line with the current globalization trend and internationalization of the money market to allow a flow of foreign investment into the economy and also increase the number of tradable instruments in the market.

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INDIA’S FOREIGN TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Khujan Singh ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
First Order ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Directional Relation ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller ◽  
Vecm Granger Causality

The present study is an attempt to examine long run relationship among India’s GDP, Exports and Imports for which yearly time series data from 1995 to 2018 has been collected. Data for India’s GDP has been collected from RBI website and India’s export and import data has been collected form Ministry of Commerce and Industry website. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test for stationarity found that studied variables become stationary at first order of difference. While, Johnson cointegration test revealed long run cointegration between India’s GDP, exports and imports. The results of VECM Granger causality test exhibited bi-directional relationship between India’s GDP and India’s exports, whereas uni-directional relation has been found between India’s GDP and India’s imports. These results have significant implication for India’s export import policy and to achieve a target of $5 trillion economy till 2024-2025.

Accounts Receivable: Payable Impact on Each Other with Special Reference to Financial Performance—A Study of Small Cap Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-373
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Mittal ◽  
Monika
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Accounts Receivable ◽  
Accounts Payable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Correlation

Trade credit is important as a funding source for companies having a liquidity shortage. Trade credit comprises of both accounts receivable and payable. The financial literature has discussed the impact of accounts receivable or payable on a company’s financial performance. However, there is a lack of studies on the effects of accounts receivable and payable on each other and further its effect on the financial performance of small-cap companies. Financial performance is determined using the profitability and value of the company. The researchers examined the financial performance implications of offering and receiving trade credit for a sample of 193 BSE small-cap manufacturing companies in India during the period 2011–2019. Granger causality test, Levin, Lin and Chu Unit root test, correlation and regression have been used for data analysis. The finding suggested that accounts receivable influenced the use of accounts payable. The aftermath of accounts payables is that it negatively and significantly affected the profitability and had an insignificant relationship with the value of the company. The result implies that effective management of accounts receivable can influence the application of accounts payable that improves a company’s profits and value. The current study is useful for SMEs’ managers in determining the financial performance and capital structure.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment Led Growth Hypothesis and Economic Development in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-393
Author(s):  
Ubong Edem Effiong ◽  
Nora Francis Inyang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Bounds Test ◽  
Growth Hypothesis

This study was an inquiry into the nexus of the foreign-direct investment (FDI) led growth hypothesis, and how it translates into the development of the Nigerian economy as of 1970 – 2018. The study utilized secondary data from the ‘World Development Indicators’ which were analysed using the Bounds test for cointegration and the ‘autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to divulge both the short-term cum the long-term influence of foreign direct investment net inflow on ‘economic development’ of Nigeria. The Bounds test was conducted after the unit root test revealed that the variables were stationary at mixed order of level and first difference. The outcome of the ARDL Bounds test supported confirmation of long-term association among the variables. The ARDL short-run error correction showed that 14.62% of the instability in the model was corrected yearly. In the short-term, it was discovered that FDI wielded a deleterious and substantial weight on ‘economic development of Nigeria. Meanwhile, the long-term estimates indicated that FDI influenced economic development positively, though not in a significant manner. The Granger causality test supported the fact that FDI causes ‘economic development’ in Nigeria. Given this potential of FDI exerting a positive effect on ‘economic development’, the paper recommended that bottlenecks inherent in FDI influxes in the country should be removed so as to reap the fullest benefits of such inflows in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Assessment of Innovative Activity of Ukrainian Enterprises in the Field of Technology Transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
M. V. Korneyev ◽  
◽  
A. I. Zhydyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Vertical Transfer ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Technology Platforms ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Enterprise Level

The article aims at clarifying the classification features of the forms and directions of technology transfer, and analyzing empirical data on technology transfer operations in Ukraine. The effectiveness, efficiency and immediacy of technology transfer depend on the choice of its rational forms and directions of technology transfer. The combined form of transfer is considered to be most promising, as it encompasses the advantages of both the vertical and horizontal transfer forms based on the open innovation business model. Ukraine has prerequisites for the implementation of this form of technology transfer, but it is necessary to increase the innovative activity of industrial enterprises and research organizations, and to increase funding for innovation. In the future the authors plan to suggest an organizational and economic mechanism to increase innovation activity at the enterprise level. In 2007-2019 research and development at industrial enterprises (R&D) accounted for about 15% in the total cost of innovation, in average. The lowest share of R&D in total expenditures on innovation was observed in 2011 (7.5%), and the highest share was observed in 2018, comprising 26.3%. The share of costs for vertical transfer is 69.6-89.5%, which is much higher than that for horizontal transfer, which is 10.5-30.4%. The main reason for the decrease in the level of technology transfer at Ukrainian enterprises is the limited funding from the state and the negative investment climate in the country. The share of non-commercial transfers has been lower than 1% since 2012. Combined transfer based on digital technology platforms is virtually absent.

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