Basic Ion Exchange Resins as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Synthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa G. Falco ◽  
Carlos D. Córdoba ◽  
María R. Capeletti ◽  
Ulises Sedran
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Macroporous Resin ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
The Impact

Basic and acidic ion exchange resins were used as catalysts for the synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil and methanol. The impact of reaction parameters like molar methanol/oil relationship, catalyst mass and reaction temperature were studied. The catalysts did not show deactivation and the reaction medium remained neutral. The performance of the resins was compared against reference catalysts (NaOH; MgO). A strongly basic macroporous resin was the most active catalyst and it was possible to reach 100 % selectivity to methyl esters. A series reaction mechanism was consistent with the evolutions of the intermediate reaction products.

Determination of Sorbitol in Bakery Products

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1180-1183
Author(s):  
Harvey K Hundley ◽  
Duane D Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Sugar Alcohols ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Sorbitol is extracted from bakery products with water, and nonreducing sugars are inverted by acid hydrolysis. Carbohydrates other than the sugar alcohols are degraded in alkaline solution and reaction products are removed by ion exchange resins. Sorbitol is determined by the amount of periodate consumed in oxidation and identified by thin layer chromatography.

The impact of protein exclusion on the purity performance of ion exchange resins

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 971-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zeid ◽  
C. Harinarayan ◽  
R. van Reis
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Reaction products from N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and deoxyribonucleic acid containing thymidine residues. Synthesis and identification of a new methylation product, O4-methyl-thymidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Lawley ◽  
D. J. Orr ◽  
S. A. Shah ◽  
P. B. Farmer ◽  
M. Jarman
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Methylation Product ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Dna 2

1. DNA was treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea at pH7–8, 37°C, degraded to yield 3- and 7-methylpurines and deoxyribonucleosides and the reaction products were separated by chromatography on ion-exchange resins. The following methods for identification and determination of products were used: with unlabelled N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, u.v. absorption; use of methyl-14C-labelled N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and use of [14C]thymine-labelled DNA. 2. The synthesis of O4-methylthymidine and its identification by u.v. and mass spectroscopy are reported. 3. 3-Methylthymidine and O4-methylthymidine were found as methylation products from N-methyl-N-nitrosourea with thymidine and with DNA, in relatively small yields. Unidentified products containing thymine were found in enzymic digests of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-treated DNA, which may be phosphotriesters. 4. The possible role of formation of methylthymines in mutagenesis by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea is discussed.

The impact of loading approach and biological activity on NOM removal by ion exchange resins

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joerg Winter ◽  
Heather E. Wray ◽  
Martin Schulz ◽  
Roman Vortisch ◽  
Benoit Barbeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Production of Biofuels by 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Etherification Using Ion-Exchange Resins as Solid Acid Catalysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Benjamín Torres Olea ◽  
Inmaculada Fúñez Nuñez ◽  
Cristina García Sancho ◽  
Juan Antonio Cecilia ◽  
Ramón Moreno Tost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Exchange Resins

In this work, acidic ion-exchange resins with strong Brönsted sulphonic groups were assessed in the catalytic etherification of the platform molecule 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) to 5-(ethoxymethyl)furfural (EMF), a biofuel with an energy density close to that of gasoline (30 MJ/L) which also reduces emissions of NOx and SOx and solid particles respect to fossil-derived fuels. Catalytic performance was optimized modifying experimental parameters such as reaction time, temperature, and concentration of reagent employed. This process was carried out in batch reactors using ethanol 96% as solvent. Among different cation-exchange resins tested, Purolite CT275DR provided the fastest HMF conversion together with Purolite PD206, and the highest selectivity to EMF, achieving above 70% selectivity at 100 °C. Over time, strong acid sites favoured product hydrolysis opening the furan ring originating ethyl levulinate (EL) to the detriment of EMF selectivity. Purolite CT275DR was also utilised to realize the transformation from sugars directly to EMF in the same reaction medium, in a one-pot process, obtaining relevant results from fructose (37% HMF yield, 21% EMF yield after 5 h), but originating selectively ethylglucosides and ethylgalactosides in the presence of glucose and galactose, respectively, due to the absence of necessary Lewis acid sites to isomerize aldose and proceed with dehydration.

scholarly journals Bifunctional Cr3+ modified ion exchange resins as efficient reusable catalysts for the production and isolation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 7555-7559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao M. J. M. Ravasco ◽  
Jaime A. S. Coelho ◽  
Svilen P. Simeonov ◽  
Carlos A. M. Afonso
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysts ◽  
Cation Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins

Cr3+ modified readily available cation exchange resins were prepared and explored as heterogeneous bifunctional catalysts for dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in tetraethyl ammonium bromide (TEAB)/water as reaction medium.

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