Effect of Hydrogen Addition on Combustion Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled With Low Heat Value Gas

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
Zhung Qing Hu ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Hydrogen Addition ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Engine Power

An experimental investigation on the effect of hydrogen fraction on the combustion characteristics of a spark ignition engine fueled with low heat value gas-hydrogen blends was studied. The results show that engine indicated thermal efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure and maximum combustion pressure are increased with the increase of hydrogen fraction in the blends. And hydrogen addition shows remarkable influence on engine power and emissions. At the same excess air ratio, HC emissions decrease, CO and NOxemissions increase with the increase of hydrogen fraction in the blends. And engine power is influenced by both hydrogen fraction and heat value in low heat value gas-hydrogen blends combining. Hydrogen significant extends the lean burn limit of combustion of low heat value gas.

Performance and Emissions of a Hydrogen-Gasoline SI Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Bo Shi ◽  
Xiu Min Yu ◽  
Ping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Energy Fraction ◽  
Hydrogen Addition ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Test Engine ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

When hydrogen is added to a gasoline fueled spark ignition engine the lean limit of the engine can be extended. Lean burn engines are inherently more efficient and have the potential for significantly lower NOx emissions. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of hydrogen addition to gasoline-air mixture on the performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine. Six excess air ratios are used ranging from 0.8 to 1.5. The amount of hydrogen added is 18.5% and 30% by energy fraction. The test engine is operated at 1500 rpm. From the experimental observations, the effect of hydrogen addition on thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, cyclic variations of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), and emissions of CO, unburned hydrocarbons and NOx are analyzed.

An Experimental Study of Cyclic Variations in a Lean Burn Natural Gas Fuelled Spark Ignition Engine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ramesh ◽  
Mohand Tazerout ◽  
Olivier Le Corre
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure

This work deals with the nature of cycle by cycle variations in a single cylinder, lean burn, natural gas fuelled spark ignition engine operated at a constant speed of 1500 rev/min under variable equivalence ratio, fixed throttle conditions. Cycle by cycle variations in important parameters like indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), peak pressure, rate of pressure rise and heat release characteristics were studied. At the lean misfire limit there was a drastic increase in combustion duration. With mixtures leaner than the lean limit, good cycles generally followed poor cycles. However, the vice versa was not true. Cycles that had a high initial heat release rate lead to more complete combustion. A high rate of pressure rise led to a high IMEP. The IMEP of cycles versus their frequency of occurrence was symmetric about the average value when the combustion was good.

The impact of gasoline and synthesized ethanol blends on the emissions of a spark ignition engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laminu Kuburi ◽  
David Obada ◽  
Ibraheem Samotu ◽  
M. Jeremiah ◽  
Zainab Kashim
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Ethanol Addition ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
The Impact

Considering pollution problems and the energy crisis today, investigations have been concentrated on lowering the concentration of toxic components in combustion products and decreasing fossil fuel consumption by using renewable alternative fuels. In this work, the effect of ethanol addition to gasoline on the exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine at various speeds was established. Ethanol was extracted from groundnut seeds using fermentation method. Gasoline was blended with 20 - 80% of the extracted ethanol in an interval of 20%. Results of the engine test indicated that using ethanol-gasoline blended fuels decreased carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions as a result of the lean- burn effects caused by the ethanol, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission increased because of a near complete combustion. Finally, the results showed that blending ethanol in a proportion of 40% with gasoline can be used as a supplementary fuel in modern spark ignition engines as it is expected that the engine performs at its optimum in terms of air toxic pollutants reduction, by virtue of that mix.

scholarly journals Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Water-in-Gasoline Emulsion Produced through Micro-Channels Emulsification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9453
Author(s):  
Cinzia Tornatore ◽  
Luca Marchitto ◽  
Luigi Teodosio ◽  
Patrizio Massoli ◽  
Jérôme Bellettre
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Micro Channels ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Water Contents

This paper presents an experimental study investigating the effects of water-in-gasoline emulsion (WiGE) on the performance and emissions of a turbocharged PFI spark-ignition engine. The emulsions were produced through a micro-channels emulsifier, potentially capable to work inline, without addition of surfactants. Measurements were performed at a 3000 rpm speed and net Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (IMEP) of 16 bar: the engine point representative of commercial ECU map was chosen as reference. In this condition, the engine, fueled with gasoline, runs overfueled (λ = 0.9) to preserve the integrity of the turbocharger from excessive temperature, and the spark timing corresponds to the knock limit. Starting from the reference point, two different water contents in emulsion were tested, 10% and 20% by volume, respectively. For each selected emulsion, at λ = 0.9, the spark timing was advanced from the reference point value to the new knock limit, controlling the IMEP at a constant level. Further, the cooling effect of water evaporation in WiGE allowed it to work at stoichiometric condition, with evident benefits on the fuel economy. Main outcomes highlight fuel consumption improvements of about 7% under stoichiometric mixture and optimized spark timing, while avoiding an excessive increase in turbine thermal stress. Emulsions induce a slight worsening in the HC emissions, arising from the relative impact on combustion development. On the other hand, at stoichiometric condition, HC and CO emissions drop with a corresponding increase in NO.

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