Preparation Cell Scaffolds with Well Defined Pore Structure Through Elastic Porogen/Pressure Filtration

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1897-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Qian Qi ◽  
Ji Da Chen ◽  
Su Zhao Gao ◽  
Juan Bu ◽  
Zhi Ping Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Pressure Filtration ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Cell Scaffolds ◽  
Cell Scaffold ◽  
Specific Shape ◽  
Filtration Technique

Tissue engineering involves the use of living cells and cell scaffolds to develop biological substitutes for tissue replacements, it is one of promising ways for rehabilitation and reconstruction functional tissue and organs. In order to engineer substitutes for tissue replacements, cell scaffolds with specific shape and pore structure are required. A novel “elastic porogen/pressure filtration technique” was put forward and studied firstly in this paper to overcome the disadvantages of the existed techniques for cell scaffold fabrication. The properties of elastic porogen (deformation ratio, water solubility, appearance and dimension) and pore structure of scaffolds were studied, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the scaffolds with well defined pore structure can be formed through this novel technique, and the pore shape and sizes as well as size of openings between pores could be manual controlled conveniently. The pore structure and morphology of scaffolds were satisfied to the requirements of tissue engineering, which suggested that elastic porogen/pressure filtration technique was an ideal cell scaffold forming technique.

scholarly journals Sinusoidal electromagnetic fields accelerate bone regeneration by boosting the multifunctionality of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weigang Li ◽  
Wenbin Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jiachen Wang ◽  
Tian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Cell Scaffolds ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Calvarial Defects

Abstract Background The repair of critical-sized bone defects is always a challenging problem. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs), used as a physiotherapy for bone defects, have been suspected to cause potential hazards to human health due to the long-term exposure. To optimize the application of EMF while avoiding its adverse effects, a combination of EMF and tissue engineering techniques is critical. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of EMF will lead to better applications in the future. Methods In this research, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) seeded on 3D-printed scaffolds were treated with sinusoidal EMFs in vitro. Then, 5.5 mm critical-sized calvarial defects were created in rats, and the cell scaffolds were implanted into the defects. In addition, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which EMFs regulate BMSCs were explored with various approaches to gain deeper insight into the effects of EMFs. Results The cell scaffolds treated with EMF successfully accelerated the repair of critical-sized calvarial defects. Further studies revealed that EMF could not directly induce the differentiation of BMSCs but improved the sensitivity of BMSCs to BMP signals by upregulating the quantity of specific BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) receptors. Once these receptors receive BMP signals from the surrounding milieu, a cascade of reactions is initiated to promote osteogenic differentiation via the BMP/Smad signalling pathway. Moreover, the cytokines secreted by BMSCs treated with EMF can better facilitate angiogenesis and osteoimmunomodulation which play fundamental roles in bone regeneration. Conclusion In summary, EMF can promote the osteogenic potential of BMSCs and enhance the paracrine function of BMSCs to facilitate bone regeneration. These findings highlight the profound impact of EMF on tissue engineering and provide a new strategy for the clinical treatment of bone defects.

Structure and Properties of Poly(α-hydroxyl acids)/Nano Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds

2002 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guobao Wei ◽  
Peter X. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Tissue Engineering Approach ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Organ Failures

ABSTRACTTissue losses and organ failures resulting from injuries or diseases remain frequent and serious health problems despite great advances in medical technologies. Transplantation and reconstructive surgeries are seriously challenged by donor tissue shortage. We take a tissue engineering approach to design 3D scaffolds for cells to grow and synthesize new tissues. The scaffolds are biodegradable and will be absorbed after fulfilling the purpose as 3D templates, leaving nothing foreign in the body. To better mimic natural bone structurally, mechanically and biologically, nano-sized hydroxyapatite particles (N-HAP) were formulated with biodegradable poly(α-hydroxyl acids) to form composite scaffolds with well-controlled pore structures using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) in this work. The pore structure and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were optimized by the use of multiple solvent systems, different quenching rates and quenching depths. The fabricated scaffolds possessed porosities higher than 90% and average pore sizes ranging from 50 to 500 μm. The scaffolds containing N-HAP maintained open and regular 3D pore structure similar to those of plain polymer scaffolds, implying that N-HAP particles were dispersed within the polymer pore walls of the scaffolds. The addition of N-HAP increased the compressive modulus by 20∼80% over that of plain polymer scaffolds. These results indicate that poly(α-hydroxyl acids)/N-HAP scaffolds may provide excellent 3D substrates for bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Additive manufacturing in medical sciences: past, present and the future

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Lakshya P. Rathore ◽  
Naina Verma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Biological Tissue ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Basic Fact ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Tissue Replacement ◽  
The Future

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a novel technique that despite having been around for more than 35 years, has been underutilized. Its great advantage lies in the basic fact that it is incredibly customizable. Since its use was recognized in various fields of medicine like orthopaedics, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology etc, it has proved to be one of the most promising developments in most of them. Customizable orthotics, prosthetics and patient specific implants and tracheal splints are few of its advantages. And in the future too, the combination of tissue engineering with AM is believed to produce an immense change in biological tissue replacement.

Microthermoforming as a novel technique for manufacturing scaffolds in tissue engineering (CellChips®)

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Giselbrecht ◽  
T. Gietzelt ◽  
E. Gottwald ◽  
A.E. Guber ◽  
C. Trautmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Novel Technique
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