Structure and Properties of Poly(α-hydroxyl acids)/Nano Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds

2002 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guobao Wei ◽  
Peter X. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Tissue Engineering Approach ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Organ Failures

ABSTRACTTissue losses and organ failures resulting from injuries or diseases remain frequent and serious health problems despite great advances in medical technologies. Transplantation and reconstructive surgeries are seriously challenged by donor tissue shortage. We take a tissue engineering approach to design 3D scaffolds for cells to grow and synthesize new tissues. The scaffolds are biodegradable and will be absorbed after fulfilling the purpose as 3D templates, leaving nothing foreign in the body. To better mimic natural bone structurally, mechanically and biologically, nano-sized hydroxyapatite particles (N-HAP) were formulated with biodegradable poly(α-hydroxyl acids) to form composite scaffolds with well-controlled pore structures using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) in this work. The pore structure and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were optimized by the use of multiple solvent systems, different quenching rates and quenching depths. The fabricated scaffolds possessed porosities higher than 90% and average pore sizes ranging from 50 to 500 μm. The scaffolds containing N-HAP maintained open and regular 3D pore structure similar to those of plain polymer scaffolds, implying that N-HAP particles were dispersed within the polymer pore walls of the scaffolds. The addition of N-HAP increased the compressive modulus by 20∼80% over that of plain polymer scaffolds. These results indicate that poly(α-hydroxyl acids)/N-HAP scaffolds may provide excellent 3D substrates for bone tissue engineering.

Preparation of PLLA/HAP/β-TCP Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Jun Wang ◽  
Tao Lou ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Kun Peng He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Thermally Induced Phase Separation ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Thermally Induced

In this study, a nanofibrous poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffold reinforced by Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was fabricated using the thermally induced phase separation method. The composite scaffold morphology showed a nanofibrous PLLA matrix and evenly distributed β-TCP/HAP particles. The composite scaffold had interconnective micropores and the pore size ranged 2-10 μm. Introducing β-TCP/HAP particles into PLLA matrix significantly improved the mechanical properties of the composite scaffold. In summary, the new composite scaffolds show a great deal promise for use in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Fabrication andIn VitroEvaluation of Nanosized Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan-Based Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Sun ◽  
Tareef Hayat Khan ◽  
Naznin Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Composite scaffolds based on biodegradable natural polymer and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles can be promising for a variety of tissue engineering (TE) applications. This study addressed the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) porous composite scaffolds composed of HA and chitosan fabricated via thermally induced phase separation and freeze-drying technique. The scaffolds produced were subsequently characterized in terms of microstructure, porosity, and mechanical property.In vitrodegradation andin vitrobiological evaluation were also investigated. The scaffolds were highly porous and had interconnected pore structures. The pore sizes ranged from several microns to a few hundred microns. The incorporated HA nanoparticles were well mixed and physically coexisted with chitosan in composite scaffold structures. The addition of 10% (w/w) HA nanoparticles to chitosan enhanced the compressive mechanical properties of composite scaffold compared to pure chitosan scaffold.In vitrodegradation results in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) showed slower uptake properties of composite scaffolds. Moreover, the scaffolds showed positive response to mouse fibroblast L929 cells attachment. Overall, the findings suggest that HA/chitosan composite scaffolds could be suitable for TE applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication and characterization of scaffolds containing different amounts of allantoin for skin tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeganeh Dorri Nokoorani ◽  
Amir Shamloo ◽  
Maedeh Bahadoran ◽  
Hamideh Moravvej
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Skin Tissue Engineering ◽  
Freeze Dried

AbstractUsing the skin tissue engineering approach is a way to help the body to recover its lost skin in cases that the spontaneous healing process is either impossible or inadequate, such as severe wounds or burns. In the present study, chitosan/gelatin-based scaffolds containing 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% allantoin were created to improve the wounds’ healing process. EDC and NHS were used to cross-link the samples, which were further freeze-dried. Different in-vitro methods were utilized to characterize the specimens, including SEM imaging, PBS absorption and degradation tests, mechanical experiments, allantoin release profile assessment, antibacterial assay, and cell viability and adhesion tests. The results indicated that the scaffolds’ average pore sizes were approximately in the range of 390–440 µm, and their PBS uptake amounts were about 1000% to 1250% after being soaked in PBS for 24 h. Around 70% of the specimens were degraded in 6 days, but they were not fully degraded after 21 days. Besides, the samples showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. In general, the MTT cell viability test indicated that the cells’ density increased slightly or remained the same during the experiment. SEM images of cells seeded on the scaffolds indicated appropriate properties of the scaffolds for cell adhesion.

scholarly journals Novel biodegradable poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(l-lactic acid) porous scaffolds fabricated by phase separation for tissue engineering applications

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (27) ◽  
pp. 21301-21309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xifeng Liu ◽  
A. Lee Miller II ◽  
Brian E. Waletzki ◽  
Michael J. Yaszemski ◽  
Lichun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Thermally Induced Phase Separation ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Poly Propylene

Three-dimensional polymer scaffolds with interconnected porous structures were fabricated by thermally induced phase separation of novel biodegradable poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(l-lactic acid).

Polymer scaffolds with no skin-effect for tissue engineering applications fabricated by thermally induced phase separation

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 015002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Kasoju ◽  
Dana Kubies ◽  
Tomáš Sedlačík ◽  
Olga Janoušková ◽  
Jana Koubková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Skin Effect ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Thermally Induced Phase Separation ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Thermally Induced

Preparation and Characterization of Porous β-TCP/PLLA Composites with High β-TCP Content

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Bin Liu ◽  
Yan Bo Gao ◽  
Shun Dong Miao ◽  
Wen Jian Weng ◽  
Kui Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Thermally Induced Phase Separation ◽  
Particle Content ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Inorganic Particle ◽  
Interconnected Pore ◽  
Interconnected Pore Structure

Porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/ Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) composites were prepared by thermally induced phase separation method. The results showed that the composite had an interconnected pore structure with ～200μm macropores. The inorganic particle content in the composites varied from 50% to 80% and these particles were homogeneously dispersed in PLLA matrix. The composites obtained in this study could act as a promising scaffold for bone tissue engineering because of the pore structure and the mechanical properties.

Scaffolds for Drug Delivery in Tissue Engineering

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas V. Gaikwad ◽  
Abasaheb B. Patil ◽  
Madhuri V. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
Heart Muscle Cells

Scaffolds are used for drug delivery in tissue engineering as this system is a highly porous structure to allow tissue growth.  Although several tissues in the body can regenerate, other tissue such as heart muscles and nerves lack regeneration in adults. However, these can be regenerated by supplying the cells generated using tissue engineering from outside. For instance, in many heart diseases, there is need for heart valve transplantation and unfortunately, within 10 years of initial valve replacement, 50–60% of patients will experience prosthesis associated problems requiring reoperation. This could be avoided by transplantation of heart muscle cells that can regenerate. Delivery of these cells to the respective tissues is not an easy task and this could be done with the help of scaffolds. In situ gel forming scaffolds can also be used for the bone and cartilage regeneration. They can be injected anywhere and can take the shape of a tissue defect, avoiding the need for patient specific scaffold prefabrication and they also have other advantages. Scaffolds are prepared by biodegradable material that result in minimal immune and inflammatory response. Some of the very important issues regarding scaffolds as drug delivery systems is reviewed in this article.

scholarly journals Collagen-Based Electrospun Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Britani N. Blackstone ◽  
Summer C. Gallentine ◽  
Heather M. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pool Data ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Increased Strength

Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in organs and tissues throughout the body and is used for many tissue engineering applications. Electrospinning of collagen can produce scaffolds in a wide variety of shapes, fiber diameters and porosities to match that of the native ECM. This systematic review aims to pool data from available manuscripts on electrospun collagen and tissue engineering to provide insight into the connection between source material, solvent, crosslinking method and functional outcomes. D-banding was most often observed in electrospun collagen formed using collagen type I isolated from calfskin, often isolated within the laboratory, with short solution solubilization times. All physical and chemical methods of crosslinking utilized imparted resistance to degradation and increased strength. Cytotoxicity was observed at high concentrations of crosslinking agents and when abbreviated rinsing protocols were utilized. Collagen and collagen-based scaffolds were capable of forming engineered tissues in vitro and in vivo with high similarity to the native structures.

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