Structure Detection and Reinforcement Method Study of Jiangsong Villa in Xiangshan Temple of Longmen Scenic Spot

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 5614-5617
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Gao ◽  
Yue Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Natural Action ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Structure Detection ◽  
Scenic Spot ◽  
Cultural Relic

Jiangsong villa is the famous ancient architecture in Longmen scenic spot. The appearance and structural members of villa are damaged seriously because of long-term natural action. Load bearing capacity of the structure reduces largely and should be repaired immediately for the cultural relic protection and tourism development. According to the surrounding requirement of scenic spot, the performance of damaged members is detected and reasonable reinforcement methods are put forward in this paper.

Study on the Data-Bases for Fire Engineering Design of Structural Steels Members

2012 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
In Kyu Kwon ◽  
Hyung Jun Kim ◽  
Heung Youl Kim ◽  
Bum Yean Cho ◽  
Kyung Suk Cho
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Engineering Method ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Resistance Performance

Structural steel has been used since the early 1970’s in Korea as primary structural members such as columns, beams, and trusses. The materials have much higher strength such as fast construction, high load bearing capacity, high construction quality but those have a fatal weakness as well. Load-bearing capacity is going down when the structural members are contained in fire condition. Therefore, to protect the structural members made of steels from the heat energy the fire resistance performance required. Generally, the fire resistance performance have evaluated from the exact fire tests in fire furnaces. But the evaluation method takes much more time and higher expenses so, the engineering method requires. The engineering method not only adopts a science but also an engineering experience. In this paper, to make various data-bases for evaluation of structural members such as columns(H-section, RHS), beams, loaded fire tests were conducted and derived not only each limiting temperature but also fire resistance respectively.

scholarly journals Engineering diagnostics of shaft lining in Gubkin Mine

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
S. V. Sergeev ◽  
◽  
E. D. Vorobiev ◽  
I. M. Ignatenko ◽  
A. V. Zinchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Mine Dumps ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Engineering Diagnostics ◽  
Shaft Lining ◽  
Compression Resistance

Shafts in Gubkin Mine, KMAruda have been in operation since the late 1940s. The shafts are sunk in difficult hydrogeological conditions. At the present time, due to transition to deeper levels, deeper mine dumps are required. It is necessary to reinforce shaft lining in watered rocks. During long-term service of shaft 1, due to corrosion, thickness of liner plates and horizontal ribs has decreased by 1.5–2 and 3–5 mm, respectively (two-side corrosion). As a result, the load-bearing capacity of the tubbing has lowered by 5–7%. At the same time, the actual stresses are not higher than 22 MPa, which is 10 times less than the design compression resistance of gray cast iron as per Construction Code SP 16.13330.2017. Field studies have been performed in Gubkin Mine toward improvement of operating safety of shafts during mineral mining at deeper levels. Stress state diagnostics of lining in shaft 1 shows that the lining preserves its load-bearing capacity in all types of rocks. Thus, safe operation can be continued without extra expenses connected with the lining reinforcement. The field studies in the cage shaft show that pressure on the lining in frozen rocks is 1.5–2 times higher than the design values. It is recommended to continue the studies to estimate effects of possible rock displacements on the lining during further mining.

scholarly journals LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR STRUCTURAL COLD-FORMED MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO CENTRAL COMPRESSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
А.V. Perelmuter ◽  
◽  
V.V. Yurchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Distortional Buckling ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Composite Section ◽  
Flexural Torsional Buckling

Abstract. The main purpose of the research was a deep analysis and verification of the consistency and completeness of the design code relating to calculation of load-bearing structural members made from cold-formed profiles. The work has been done in close connection with the implementation on the territory of Ukraine of this design code. The article has discussed and investigated the load-bearing capacity of structural members made of cold-formed profiles subjected to the action of central compression. A system of constraints has been presented, in which the strength and buckling constraints for thin-walled cold-formed column members are formulated, taking into account their possible post-buckling behavior, namely, the ability to resist external loads and effects even after the occurrence of the local buckling and/or distortional buckling phenomenon. The performed load-bearing capacity investigation has shown that for the mono-symmetric cold-formed profiles, the flexural-torsional buckling is determinative. For such cold-formed profiles, the effect of the overall dimensions ratio (flange width to web height) on the load-bearing capacity of cold-formed profiles has been estimated. It has been shown that for the same cross-sectional area the load-bearing capacity of a column structural member made from cold-formed profile and subjected to axial compression can be significantly increased by assigning an optimal ratio of flange width to web height. The paper also has presented the results of the load-bearing capacities for the structural cold-formed members subjected to central compression, calculated according to the design standard DSTU-N B EN 1993-1-3: 2012 and according to the design code DBN V.2.6-198: 2014. It has been shown that in some cases the difference in the assessment of the load-bearing capacity for such structural cold-formed members reached 25%. A comparison of the load-bearing capacities for the action of the central compression has been made for structural cold-formed members made from a C-shaped profile and with a composite section of two C-shaped profiles. It has been shown that the load-bearing capacity of the structural cold-formed member of the composite section exceeds the load-bearing capacity of the member with single C-shaped profile by more than 3 times, while cross-section areas of these structural members differ only doubly.

scholarly journals Size optimization of single edge folds for cold-formed structural members

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
Serhii Bilyk ◽  
Vitalina Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Single Edge ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Parametric Optimization Problem

Parametric optimization problem for single edge fold size in cold-formed structural members subjected to central compression has been considered by the paper. Determination the load-bearing capacity of the cold-formed structural members has been performed using the geometrical properties calculated based on the constructed “effective” (reduced) cross-sections taking into account local buckling effects in the section as well as distortional buckling effects. Single edge fold size in cold-formed C-profile has been considered as design variable. Linear convolution of criteria, namely minimization criterion of design area of stiffener cross-section and maximization criterion effective area of stiffener cross-section which defines it reduced load-bearing capacity due to flexural buckling has been used as optimization criterion. The parametric optimization problem has been solved using the method of objective function gradient projection onto the active constraints surface with simultaneous correction of the constraints violations. In order to realize the formulated optimization problem, software OptCAD intended to solve parametric optimization problems for steel structural systems has been used. Optimization results of the single edge folds for the cold-formed С-profiles manufactured by «Blachy Pruszyński» company, «BF FACTORY» company as well as «STEELCO» company have been presented by the paper. The results of the performed investigation can be used as recommendations for companies-manufacturers of the cold-formed profiles, as well as a guide for creation the national assortment base of the effective cold-formed profiles promoting wider implementation of cold-formed steel structures in building practice.

scholarly journals Load-bearing capacity of the steel-to-timber connections in fire temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 09005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Domański ◽  
Kamil Kmiecik
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Steel Connections ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Fire Conditions

Connections are usually the weakest parts in most structures, especially in fire conditions. The load-bearing capacity of timber structures is often limited by the resistance of steel connection between timber structural members. The temperature distribution in the cross-section as well as the influence of steel fasteners on the charring of the timber members is necessary to predict the fire resistance of the connection. This paper presents a summary of results from numerical studies on the fire behaviour of the steel connections between timber structural members. To make the three-dimensional thermal models of the joints, the FE (finite element) programme SAFIR was used. Then, the finite element models of the connections were used to analyse the temperature distribution inside cross-sections under standard ISO-fire exposure. The failure modes from the literature were used to predict the load-bearing capacity of the steel connections at elevated temperatures. The reduction of the cross-section caused by charring, the reduction of embedment strength and the reduction of steel strength at fire conditions were taken into account in the calculations.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATIONS IN THE STRENGTH OF PRESTRESSED MULTILAYERED BEAMS UNDER THE ACTION OF LONG-TERM SHEAR/MEDINIŲ IŠ ANKSTO ĮTEMPTŲJŲ DAUGIASLUOKSNIŲ SIJŲ STIPRUMAS VEIKIANT ILGALAIKĖMS SKERSINĖMS JĖGOMS

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Rimantas Čechavičius
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Plastic Deformations ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
Relationship Of

The results of long-term experiments are presented in the paper. As a result of the experiments, invention SU 1025831 was developed under the name “The method of manufacture of a timber load-bearing element” (E 04 C 3/12, priority since July 11, 1981). The objective of the experiments performed was to check the method of increase of load bearing capacity of glulam beams under the influence of long-term shear. 14 beams were tested: nine of them were multilayered and 5 made of board-package and square-sawn timber. All the beams failed because of the action of shear forces. Two beams were tested by static short loading, the rest twelve by long-term loading. Three beams, that have not failed because of the action of long-term loading, then were tested by short-term loading. From the tests of multilayered, glulam and solid square-sawn timber beams the decrease of the relative strength wood split alongside fibres under the action of long-term shear is bigger than that given in literature in case of standard experiments. Relationship of the level of decrease of this strength with the duration of long-term loading may be calculated according to the equation (2). The influence of long-term loading on the load-bearing capacity of these beams depends on the intensity of actions: if such a load does not cause the plastic deformations in the beam, their load-bearing capacity does not decrease and vice versa—the appearance of plastic deformations and micro-cracks means the decrease of load bearing capacity of the beam under a short-term shear. A short description of invention SU 1025831 is also presented in the paper. The invention is devoted to the perfection of the former invention No 954237. The latter one suggested an increase of load-bearing capacity of glulam elements under a short-term shear. Under a long-term load, or in case of fire, when the temperature and moisture around is changing, the strength of prestressed joint of these beams may not be fully guaranteed because of the influence of inner stresses and possible micro-cracking. With the purpose to increase the strength of beams under a long-term shear the author offers additionally to install pivots (Fig 6, 3) after giving prestress and full polymerisation. This method does not only increase the load-bearing capacity of multilayered elements under a long-term shear, but also ensures a higher reliability and fire resistance of such structures.

Increased load bearing capacity of mechanically joined FRP/metal joints using a pin structured auxiliary joining element

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Per Heyser ◽  
Vadim Sartisson ◽  
Gerson Meschut ◽  
Marcel Droß ◽  
Klaus Dröder
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing

Load-Bearing Capacity of Direct Inlay-Retained Fibre-reinforced Composite Fixed Partial Dentures with Different Cross-Sectional Pontic Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Oana Tanculescu ◽  
Adrian Doloca ◽  
Raluca Maria Vieriu ◽  
Florentina Mocanu ◽  
Gabriela Ifteni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Polyethylene Fibre

The load-bearing capacity and fracture pattern of direct inlay-retained FRC FDPs with two different cross-sectional designs of the ponticwere tested. The aim of the study was to evaluate a new fibre disposition. Two types of composites, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative and Filtek Z250 (3M/ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), and one braided polyethylene fibre, Construct (Kerr, USA) were used. The results of the study suggested that the new tested disposition of the fibres prevented in some extend the delamination of the composite on buccal and facial sides of the pontic and increased the load-bearing capacity of the bridges.

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