Allelopathic Effects of Twelve Hedgerow Plant Species on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat (Triticum astivum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2767-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hong Wu ◽  
Xu Cheng ◽  
Qing Nian Cai ◽  
Chao Wen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Toona Sinensis ◽  
Citrus Reticulate

In laboratory bioassay, conducted to study the allelopathic influence of aqueous extracts (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0% concentration) of twelve hedgerow plant species (Amorpha fruticosa L., Citrus reticulate Banco., Coronilla varia L., Eriobotrya japonica Thunb., Eulaliopsis binata Retz., Gynura bicolor DC., Hemerocallis citrine Baroni., Medicago sativa L., Morus alba L., Toona sinensis Roem., Vetiveria zizanioides L., Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.) which planted in the purple hilly area of Sichuan basin in China was on the germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum astivum L.). At 10.0% concentration, The aqueous extracts of twelve hedgerow plant species significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat except that A. fruticosa, E. binata and V. zizanioides extracts had no effect or slight inhibition on germination of wheat, but the degree of inhibition was species dependent. The allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts from hedgerow plants on wheat was maximum with G. bicolor, H. citrine, C. varia and M. sativa in terms of germination, and G. bicolor , M. sativa, M. alba and H. citrine in terms of shoot length, root length and dry weight, respecitively. The degree of inhibition increased with increase in concentration. Duplication of this work under field conditions is needed, for which the results of this study will form a valuable base.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Allelopathic Effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. Parts’ Aqueous Extracts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Moroccan Varieties of Durum Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amine Elbouzidi ◽  
Noureddine Bencheikh ◽  
Sara Seddoqi ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Youssef Bouramdane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

The phenomenon of allelopathy has been known for more than 2000 years. This phenomenon consists of the chemical interference of plant species (or other organisms), by enhancing, or inhibiting, the germination, seedling growth, or development of other plant species (or other organisms). This paper aimed to investigate the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of different parts of Matricaria chamomilla L. on germination parameters (radicle, coleoptile length, and dry weight) of two Moroccan varieties of durum wheat. Chamomile extracts from leaves, roots, or flowers at concentrations of 50 and 100 g·L−1 were prepared and applied to wheat durum seeds. The control group was given distilled water. In both studied varieties of durum wheat, only flowers’ aqueous extracts showed a significant positive allelopathic effect by increasing the studied parameters, while leaves and roots from chamomile showed an inhibiting potential on germination and seedling growth in varieties riyad and kanakis.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of two medicinal plants on seed germination, seedling growth and grain production of purslane (Portulaca oleraceae L.) weed

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Seyed Nader MOUSAVIAN ◽  
Hamdollah ESKANDARI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Artemisia Sieberi

<p>A laboratory factorial (2 × 5) experiment was carried out based on completely randomized block in four replications to evaluate the effect of plant species and concentration of their allelopathic extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of purslane weed (<em>Portulaca oleraceae</em> L.). The first factor studied was plant species (<em>Artemisia sieberi </em>and <em>Salvia syriaca</em>) and the second one the concentration percentage of plant ethanol extract (0.0, 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %). The effect of <em>Artemisia </em>on<em> </em>germination reduction of purslane<em> </em>was stronger compared to <em>Salvia.</em> The results indicated that higher extract concentration led to decreased germination percentage, germination speed and seedling growth indices of purslane including leaf length, leaf number, leaf width, leaf dry mass, stem mass and stem length. The effect of <em>Artemisia </em>was higher than that of <em>Salvia</em>. In a complementary experiment, the effect plant residues of <em>Artemisia </em>and <em>Salvia </em>(0.0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g kg<sup>-1</sup> soil) were evaluated in a factorial experiment base on completely randomized block design with three replications. The results of field experiment showed that plant residues significantly (P ≤ 0.01) reduced capsule number per plant, seed number per capsule, seed production and shoot dry mass, while its effect on 1000-seed mass was not substantial. The effect of plant species and the interaction of plant species and their allelopathic extracts concentration had no major impact on the above-mentioned properties. The increase in plant residues in soil, led to the reduction of growth and seed production of purslane induced by plant number per unit area and capsule per plant. <em>Artemisia sieberi </em>Bess<em>. </em>and<em> Salvia syriaca </em>L.<em> </em>residues can be successfully used for non-chemical control of purslane weed.</p>

scholarly journals Propagation and Possible Allelopathic Effects of Vernoniazeylanica on Selected Bioassay Species

CORD ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
S.H.S. Senarathne ◽  
S. S. Udumann
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Vernonia zeylanica (L.) belongs to the family Asteraceae, is one of the major endemic weed species present in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) plantations of the tropics, which propagates very easily.  There is a possibility that this plant could also possess allelopathic effects, but this has not been scientifically tested.  Thus, a study was carried out to determine the seed germination of V. zeylanica under soil moisture stress conditions, shoot propagation methods and possible allopathic effects of this species, on selected species in bioassay tests.  Germination of V. zeylanica seeds was not observed at higher osmotic potential (-0.9 MPa).  The highest sprouting percentage of this species were obtained with soft wood cuttings.  The aqueous leaf extract was highly phytotoxic, and it significantly reduced germination and seedling growth of all bioassay species tested. Full strength (33.3 g L-1) aqueous extracts of leaves significantly reduced the germination percentage, root and hypocotyl growth rates of all species tested.  The inhibitory effects were often dependent on concentration.  However, the degree of inhibition varied among the test plant species.  The seedling emergences of all four tested plants were severally inhibited when planted in V. zeylanica contaminated soil.  The results indicated that incorporated aqueous leaf extract of V. zeylanica and its rhizosphere contaminated soil can suppress seed germination, seedling growth and seedling emergence of certain plant species indicating a possible allelopathic effect.

scholarly journals Preliminary Investigations of Allelopathic Effects and Herbicide-based Eradication of Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Al-Abdali ◽  
Azan Al-Dhuhli ◽  
Hassan Al-Reasi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Time Required

Velvet mesquite, locally known as al-ghaf bahri (Prosopis juliflora), is a well-known invasive alien plant species in several regions around the world, including Oman, with various environmental effects. The allelopathic effect of P. juliflora leaves and seed pods on native ghaf (P. cineraria) and a crop species, mung bean (Vigna radiata) was demonstrated. Results indicated that P. juliflora extracts have inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth of both species, particularly on P. cineraria when exposed to pod extracts. For eradication experiments, three herbicides (tribenuron methyl, clethodim and 2,4-D & MCPA) were investigated to determine their inhibitory properties on seed germination, and on the growth and development of young seedlings of P. juliflora. Generally, germination time (GT50, time required for 50% of seeds to germinate) and germination percentage (%) indicated that only 2,4-D & MCPA treatment showed a significant effect on inhibiting seed germination and stopping seedling growth relative to the other two herbicides. The effect of 2,4-D & MCPA was supported by significant reduction in above-ground fresh biomass. The data clearly illustrate the potential negative effects of P. juliflora on other plant species and its tolerance of herbicide treatment. On a farm scale, limited application of 2,4-D & MCPA on young P. juliflora seedlings would be recommended as an effective way to limit further spread and distribution and consequently  to successfully eliminate this invasive alien plant.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Interference of Ageratum conyzoides L. against Rice Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Bhawna Negi ◽  
S.S Bargali ◽  
Kiran Bargali ◽  
Kavita Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seedling Length

Ageratum conyzoides L. is an invasive weed that has severely infested cultivated lands and interferes with the growth of crops. In this study aqueous extracts of 50 and 100% concentration were prepared from fresh and air dried plant parts (Leaves and roots) of A. conyzoides and their allelopathic effect was observed on seed germination and seedling growth of two rice varieties namely Sava and Geru. In Sava variety, a significant reduction in seed germination, seedling length and dry weight was recorded under dry leaf extract while under fresh leaf extract seed germination and seedling length was increased at 50% concentration as compared to control. In Geru variety both fresh and dry leaf extracts resulted in decreased seed germination and seedling growth with increasing concentration. Similar patterns were recorded for fresh and dry root extracts. The inhibitory effect of leaf extracts was more pronounced than root extract and overall dry aqueous extracts of leaf and root were more inhibitory than fresh aqueous extracts. Among varieties, Sava was least affected as compared to the Geru. This study indicated that A. conyzoides exert allelopathic effect towards rice crop by releasing water soluble phytochemicals.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF SIAM WEED DEBRIS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF THREE TEST CROP SPECIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Mahfuza Begum ◽  
Md. Abdus Salam ◽  
Farhana Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Agriculture Management

Allelopathy is important for agricultural practices as has gained attention in sustainable agriculture management. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to assess the allelopathic effect of siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L. King and Robinson) debris on the germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut at four concentrations of weed debris (e.g., 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g dry weight per 100 g soil). The weed debris at different concentrations reduced the seed germination, plant height, leaf numbers, leaf area and seedling dry weight of the test crop species. The inhibitory effects of the test crop were positively related to the concentration of siam weed debris in soil. On the basis of average percent inhibition (API), mustard (24.47%) was mostly affected by the siam weed debris followed by groundnut (20.10%) and rice (17.10%). From the results of the study, it is observed that weed debris of siam weed had inhibitory effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice, mustard and groundnut. Therefore, the allelopathic activity of the siam weed may play an important role in the management of sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Evaluation of allelopathic effect of fifty Sorghum bicolor L. Genotypes on Germination and Growth of some weed in vitro and in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
A. A. Aljibouri ◽  
S. N. Mahmoud ◽  
A. W. Alsawani ◽  
I. S. Alsaadawi ◽  
Duha Mysire Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Germination And Growth

The effect of root exudates of fifty Sorghum genotypes on seed germination and seedling growth of millet were studied in vitro. The fifty genotypes were divided into four groups according to their effect on percentage reduction in root and shoot and whole plant average lengths of millet seedling growth. The first group caused slight stimulation, the second slight inhibition, the third gave limited inhibition and the fourth caused high inhibition. In seedling growth. Five genotypes of sorghum were selected, one from group two and four from group four. These five genotypes were cultured in the field in Autumn 2007 and at the end of the season plants were removed, dried and grind. Three concentrations of each of these genotypes powder were prepared, in addition to the control treatment, (0.0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0) g/kg soil to study their effects on the growth of Amaranthus retroflexus which cultured in pots and kept in experimental field. Data on number of leaves, lengths of shoot and root and whole plant were taken as well as wet and dry weight were measured. Percentage of Amaranthus retroflexus seeds germination were evaluated in an experiment cultured in Petri dishes containing concentrations (0.0, 5.0 and 10.0%) of aqueous extracts of each of the five genotypes powder. Results showed high significant inhibition for the four genotypes from group four in comparison with the one genotype from group two. Significant differences among these genotypes in their inhibition on such parameters as shoot, root, whole plant growth, number of leaves, and wet and dry weight. The genotype 2005-K-Type 1050 gave the highest reduction in plant length 53.2% incomparing with the genotype 2005-K-Type 1033 which gave 0.7%. The percentage of seed germination of Amaranthus retroflexus was significantly reduced as the concentration of the aqueous extract increased and there were significant differences among genotypes on this parameter. The concentration of the powder of each genotype added to the soil produced significant reduction in all parameters studied and the effect increased as the concentration increased in soil. This research discusses the potential of the allelopathic effect of some Sorghum genotypes on weed germination and growth reduction and the possibility of employing them in weed control program with the intention to use less herbicide.

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