On-Line Monitoring System for Monitoring SO2 in Fumes(2) — Monitoring Subsystem for SO2 Flow Velocity and Flow Rate

2011 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Shi Long Wang ◽  
Li Na Wang ◽  
Yong Hui Cai ◽  
Hong Bo Wang

A SO2 on-line monitoring system (CEMS) has been developed by the author based on the principle of electrochemistry. This system consists of SO2 mass concentration monitoring subsystem (the subsystem had been described in on-line system for monitoring SO2 in fumes(1)) and SO2 flow velocity and flow rate monitoring subsystem. In the paper, the working principle and procedure of SO2 flow velocity and flow rate monitoring subsystem are described in detail. In the meantime, an advanced method for measuring average flow velocity of fumes by mean of “velocity field constant” is presented. A innovative device has been developed to detect velocity field constants automatically, which has resolved the technical difficulty in automated monitoring of fumes average velocity in the flue.

2011 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 296-299
Author(s):  
Shi Long Wang ◽  
Li Na Wang ◽  
Hong Bo Wang ◽  
Yong Hui Cai

In order to achieve the target of controlling SO2 emissions in fumes in a short period of time in China, a SO2 on-line monitoring system (CEMS) has been developed by the authorased on the principle of electrochemistry. This system consists of two subsystems: (1) SO2 mass concentration monitoring and (2) SO2 flow velocity and flow rate monitoring. In the paper, the procedure of system and working principle and method of SO2 mass concentration monitoring subsystem are described in detail (SO2 flow velocity and flow rate monitoring subsystem is described by another paper).Two subsystems work synchronously to monitor and calculate the SO2 emissions, then the on-line monitoring of SO2 emissions is achieved. Through experiment and testing, monitoring result of the system is stable and reliable, which has reached the national monitoring standards and passed the appraisal.


2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 2609-2612
Author(s):  
Li Na Wang ◽  
Yong Hui Cai ◽  
Hong Bo Wang ◽  
Shi Long Wang

In order to achieve the target of controlling SO2 emissions in fumes in a short period of time in China, it is necessary to develop a SO2 on-line monitoring system (CEMS) that is suitable for China. To monitor total emissions of SO2 in fumes, the concentration of SO2 in the fumes and fumes flow rate must be monitored simultaneously. To monitor fumes flow rate, first we must monitor its average flow velocity, this is a major technical problem need to solve in the SO2 CEMS. By means of study on velocity field constant in flue, An advanced method for monitoring average flow velocity of fume by mean of velocity field constant is presented, meanwhile an innovative device has been developed to detect velocity field constants automatically, which has resolved the technical difficulty in automated monitoring of fume average velocity in the flue. Through experiment and testing, the monitoring method researched is correct, structure of detecting device is reasonable, its monitoring results are stable and reliable.


2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 833-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kosobudzki ◽  
Tadeusz Smolnicki ◽  
Mariusz Stańco

In the paper, the model of estimating the loss of maintenance potential of high mobility wheeled vehicles within proving ground tests is presented. This problem is up-to-date, especially important for military vehicles. The authors have analysed the selected requirements directed to this class of vehicles. In the main body of the paper, some model that could be applied in on-line system of prognostic Health and Usage Monitoring System (pHUMS) was presented. This model can be used to analyse information about the maintenance process of vehicle before some maintenance decision would be made.


Author(s):  
Thomas Van Hardeveld

Over the past few years, there has been accelerated development in predictive maintenance techniques such as condition monitoring. This paper describes the development of a condition monitoring system which monitors gas compression equipment for a major gas transmission company. A stand-alone system, featuring a data collector and PC-based software, was implemented first to allow for medium to longer-term trending. Subsequently, an on-line system has been developed to facilitate automatic acquisition of data and enhanced monitoring capabilities. Various diagnostic techniques have been included in both the stand-alone and on-line systems to aid in data interpretation and analysis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2068 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
Yingying Ma ◽  
Hongwei Song ◽  
Changqi Zhao ◽  
Ran Wei ◽  
Lihuizi Sun

Abstract Oil-water flow widely exists in oilfield development. Due to the gravity differentiation, the oil-water flow in low-flow horizontal wells has a clear characteristics of stratified flow. With the increase of flow rate, the stratified characteristics are not obvious, which leads to the difficulty of multiphase flow phase separation flow interpretation in oilfield. In this paper, the oil-water flow in horizontal wells is taken as the research object. The VOF model of Fluent software is used to study the relationship between velocity field and flow pattern distribution characteristics with water cut, well deviation angle and total flow. The results show that with the increase of water cut, the oil-water separation level gradually moves up, and the velocity of water phase is greater than that of oil phase. When the well deviation angle changes slightly, the flow stratification of oil-water changes sharply, and the flow velocity in the pipeline also changes. When the total flow rate is lower than 200 m3/d, the oil-water phases have obvious stratified flow characteristics. With the increase of flow rate, the oil-water interface fluctuates. The average velocity of oil and water is not much different.


Author(s):  
Н.А. Белоногова ◽  
А.Ю. Виноградов ◽  
Т.А. Виноградова ◽  
Д.А. Догановский ◽  
А.Н. Кондратьев ◽  
...  

Расчет максимальных расходов воды дождевых паводков на малых водосборах, в целях эффективного проектирования лесохозяйственных инженерных дорожных сооружений, представляет собой весьма сложную задачу вследствие отсутствия достаточных наблюдений за характеристиками дождевого стока. Кроме того, характеристики дождевого стока и определяющие их факторы обладают большой пространственной и временной изменчивостью, что еще больше затрудняет их определение. Рекомендуемая действующими нормативами методика определения максимального дождевого стока, как показывает практический опыт, нуждается в незамедлительном редактировании с точки зрения сопоставления размерностей и правильности ссылок. Особое внимание в статье уделено определению времени добегания, включенного в расчетные формулы в качестве определяющего параметра. В настоящее время понятие «время добегания» однозначно не определено. В связи с тем, что наполненность русел рек имеет высокую пространственную и временную неоднородность и изменчивость, общее движение воды в створе проектируемого инженерного сооружения можно представить достаточно упорядоченным и единообразным, с практически постоянной паводковой средней скоростью. На основе натурных наблюдений известно, что во время паводка средняя по сечению скорость потока сохраняется постоянной в пределах верхней десятипроцентной части амплитуды уровней воды. Такие данные с конца 70-х годов не публикуются. Обработка имеющихся данных говорит о том, что существует незначительное увеличение скоростей течения с ростом площади бассейнов. Поэтому предлагается принять время добегания τi, определенное по характерным отрезкам руслового пути от исследуемого створа до истока с помощью интерполяции измеренных на гидрометрических постах данных по скоростям течения. The calculation of the maximum water flow during the high water, especially on small watersheds, in order to effectively design engineering of road structures, is a very difficult task due to the lack of sufficient observations. In addition, the characteristics of rainfall, and their determinants have a high spatial and temporal variability, which further complicates their definition. Currently recommended method of determining the characteristics of the maximum rainwater, as the experience, needs immediate clarification of dimensions and verify links. Particular attention is paid to the calculation of lag time, included in the formulas as the defining parameter. Fullness riverbeds has high spatial and temporal heterogeneity and variability. The general movement of water in the closing alignment ordered and uniform. The average rate of slightly increased or decreased depending on the dryness of the season. Each cross-section corresponds to the value of average flow velocity. These data are from the late 70-ies are not published. Processing of existing data suggests that there is a slight increase in the flow velocity with increasing basin areas. Therefore, as a constant time lag is invited to take the time determined by the characteristic segments of the channel path from the source to the alignment of the test.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2909
Author(s):  
Weiqing Huang ◽  
Liyi Lai ◽  
Zhenlin Chen ◽  
Xiaosheng Chen ◽  
Zhi Huang ◽  
...  

Imitating the structure of the venous valve and its characteristics of passive opening and closing with changes in heart pressure, a piezoelectric pump with flexible valves (PPFV) was designed. Firstly, the structure and the working principle of the PPFV were introduced. Then, the flexible valve, the main functional component of the pump, was analyzed theoretically. Finally, an experimental prototype was manufactured and its performance was tested. The research proves that the PPFV can achieve a smooth transition between valved and valveless by only changing the driving signal of the piezoelectric (PZT) vibrator. The results demonstrate that when the driving voltage is 100 V and the frequency is 25 Hz, the experimental flow rate of the PPFV is about 119.61 mL/min, and the output pressure is about 6.16 kPa. This kind of pump can realize the reciprocal conversion of a large flow rate, high output pressure, and a small flow rate, low output pressure under the electronic control signal. Therefore, it can be utilized for fluid transport and pressure transmission at both the macro-level and the micro-level, which belongs to the macro–micro combined component.


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