Modeling, Texturing and Lighting in CAD Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 116-127
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu ◽  
Tiberiu Dobrescu
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
Loop Modeling ◽  
Soft Shadows ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Nurbs Surfaces ◽  
Proxy Modeling

Numerous modeling techniques exist, as well as many modeling formats. Point modeling, edge loop modeling, box modeling and paint modeling are a few of the polygon modeling techniques. Polygon proxy modeling is a variation of subdivision modeling. NURBS surfaces are used extensively in industrial design, manufacturing, and the automotive industry. Texturing and lighting transforms the dull-gray denizens of the modeling world into lifelike objects. Although texturing is nothing without good lighting, good lighting is nothing without good texturing. This article presents the process of modeling, texturing, lighting and rendering a scene in 3D. It also shows how create realistic fur, and implement studio lighting to create nice and soft shadows and highlights.

scholarly journals Robustification of RosettaAntibody and Rosetta SnugDock

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0234282
Author(s):  
Jeliazko R. Jeliazkov ◽  
Rahel Frick ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Jeffrey J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Structure Prediction ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Loop Modeling ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Antibody Sequence ◽  
Single Domain Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Structure ◽  
Experimental Structure ◽  
Made In

In recent years, the observed antibody sequence space has grown exponentially due to advances in high-throughput sequencing of immune receptors. The rise in sequences has not been mirrored by a rise in structures, as experimental structure determination techniques have remained low-throughput. Computational modeling, however, has the potential to close the sequence–structure gap. To achieve this goal, computational methods must be robust, fast, easy to use, and accurate. Here we report on the latest advances made in RosettaAntibody and Rosetta SnugDock—methods for antibody structure prediction and antibody–antigen docking. We simplified the user interface, expanded and automated the template database, generalized the kinematics of antibody–antigen docking (which enabled modeling of single-domain antibodies) and incorporated new loop modeling techniques. To evaluate the effects of our updates on modeling accuracy, we developed rigorous tests under a new scientific benchmarking framework within Rosetta. Benchmarking revealed that more structurally similar templates could be identified in the updated database and that SnugDock broadened its applicability without losing accuracy. However, there are further advances to be made, including increasing the accuracy and speed of CDR-H3 loop modeling, before computational approaches can accurately model any antibody.

Finite Element Simulations of Joints Used in the Automotive Industry

Manufacturing ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishikesh Bhalerao ◽  
Brad Heers ◽  
Mark Bohm ◽  
Marc Schrank
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Finite Element Code ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Modeling Techniques

Finite element-based simulations of vehicle body systems are an effective means of optimizing a design. However, body systems often consist of components from a variety of sources. Hence, accurate modeling requires a robust set of analysis functionality for joining such components. Joints—such as welds, bolts, rivets, clinches, and adhesives—present unique challenges to the analyst. Despite the critical influence joints have on functional performance, there is little information on best practices for modeling such connections. This paper presents a survey of some of the approaches available in ABAQUS, a general-purpose commercial finite element code, and discusses various applications of these techniques through a series of case studies. While the modeling techniques discussed in this paper have been motivated largely by automotive applications, they are also applicable to other areas such as aerospace structures.

Heavy Truck 5th Wheel Modeling Techniques in Finite Element and Their Effect on Stress Distribution

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Cinar
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Fe Modeling ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Vehicle Testing

Finite element analysis has been used widely in the automotive industry to evaluate design alternatives. Especially when there is no prototype part for rig or vehicle testing, CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) is the only tool to evaluate whether the design meets its target or not. Truck chassis, 5th wheel table and its reinforcement has been modeled for stress calculations under 5th wheel forces. Various FE modeling techniques have been evaluated, including assembly loads and contact modeling, and their effect on the stress distribution has been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the important parameters that effect stress distribution on the critical areas under the 5th wheel.

scholarly journals Robustification of RosettaAntibody and Rosetta SnugDock

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeliazko R. Jeliazkov ◽  
Rahel Frick ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Jeffrey J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Structure Prediction ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Loop Modeling ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Antibody Sequence ◽  
Single Domain Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Structure ◽  
Experimental Structure ◽  
Made In

AbstractIn recent years, the observed antibody sequence space has grown exponentially due to advances in high-throughput sequencing of immune receptors. The rise in sequences has not been mirrored by a rise in structures, as experimental structure determination techniques have remained low-throughput. Computational modeling, however, has the potential to close the sequence–structure gap. To achieve this goal, computational methods must be robust, fast, easy to use, and accurate. Here we report on the latest advances made in RosettaAntibody and Rosetta SnugDock—methods for antibody structure prediction and antibody–antigen docking. We simplified the user interface, expanded and automated the template database, generalized the kinematics of antibody–antigen docking (which enabled modeling of single-domain antibodies) and incorporated new loop modeling techniques. To evaluate the effects of our updates on modeling accuracy, we developed rigorous tests under a new scientific benchmarking framework within Rosetta. Benchmarking revealed that more structurally similar templates could be identified in the updated database and that SnugDock broadened its applicability without losing accuracy. However, there are further advances to be made, including increasing the accuracy and speed of CDR-H3 loop modeling, before computational approaches can accurately model any antibody.

Microstructure of an extruded rapidly solidified Al-8Fe-2Mo alloy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
W. T. Donlon ◽  
J. E. Allison ◽  
S. Shinozaki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Whitney Aircraft

Light weight materials which possess high strength and durability are being utilized by the automotive industry to increase fuel economy. Rapidly solidified (RS) Al alloys are currently being extensively studied for this purpose. In this investigation the microstructure of an extruded Al-8Fe-2Mo alloy, produced by Pratt & Whitney Aircraft, Goverment Products Div. was examined in a JE0L 2000FX AEM. Both electropolished thin sections, and extraction replicas were examined to characterize this material. The consolidation procedure for producing this material included a 9:1 extrusion at 340°C followed by a 16:1 extrusion at 400°C, utilizing RS powders which have also been characterized utilizing electron microscopy.

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