Synthesis, Phase Formation and Characterization of Co4Nb2O9 Powders Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction

Sintesis senyawa feroelektrik yang berbasis fasa Aurivillius berlapis empat (n = 4) yang didadah kation La3+ dan Mn3+, Ca1-xBi3,5+xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15 dengan x = 0, 0,2, 0,4, 0,6, 0,8, dan1 telah dilakukan dengan teknik lelehan garam. Karakterisasi produk dengan difraksi sinar-X (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa fasa tunggal Aurivillius ditunjukkan oleh sampel dengan x = 0, 0,2, 0,4, dan 0,6. Refinement struktur dengan teknik Le Bail diketahui bahwa senyawa Aurivillius yang terbentuk sesuai dengan simetri ortorombik dan grup ruang A21am. Analisis dengan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk semua sampel memperlihatkan morfologi sampel berupa lempengan yang merupakan ciri khas senyawa Aurivillius. Nilai konstanta dielektrik sampel dan konduktivitasnya mengalami kenaikan dengan meningkatnya x. Konduktivitas paling tinggi dimiliki oleh sampel x = 0,2 yang diperkirakan akibat adanya interaksi pertukaran ganda (double exchange) antara Mn3+ dan Mn4+.Synthesis of Aurivillius Compounds Ca1-xBi3,5 + xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15: Structure and Dielectric Properties. Synthesis of ferroelectric compounds based on a four-phase Aurivillius phase (n = 4) which is doped with La3+ and Mn3+ cations, Ca1-xBi3,5+xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15 with x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0 , 8, and 1 were carried out by molten salts technique. Characterization of products using X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the single phase Aurivillius was shown by the samples with x = 0, 0,2, 0,4, and 0,6. The results of refinement show that the Aurivillius phase formed has orthorhombic symmetry with A21am space group. Morphology analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for all samples shows the plate-like as the characteristic of Aurivillius compounds. The value of dielectric constant and conductivity of the samples increases as increase of x. The conductivity of x = 0.2 is the highest predicted due to the interaction of double exchange between Mn3+ and Mn4+.

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A Rational Way to Prepare BaTiO3 Ceramics

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.797 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 535-537 ◽

pp. 797-800

Author(s):

Liang Luo ◽

Yan Jun Zhu ◽

Ling Ling Song ◽

Xiao Bo Zhang

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Phase Composition ◽

Solid State ◽

Field Emission ◽

Solid State Reaction ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

One Pot ◽

X Ray ◽

Scanning Electron

A facile one-pot hydrothermal method has been developed for synthesis of porous and non-porous BaTiO3 ceramics using Ba(OH)2.8H2O, BaCO3 as barium source. In this paper, we research the effect of different barium source on the nanostructure of BaTiO3 ceramics in a solid state reaction, and the results indicated that the two different morphologies of BaTiO3 ceramics can be easily prepared by using these two different barium source. The phase composition and morphology of the as-obtained products were investigated by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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Sintesis Senyawa Aurivillius Ca1-xBi3,5+xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15: Struktur dan Sifat Dielektrik

ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia ◽

10.20961/alchemy.14.1.14476.160-167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

Zulhadjri Zulhadjri ◽

Rini Ramadhani ◽

Aulia Arivin Billah ◽

Syukri Arief ◽

Emriadi Emriadi

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Single Phase ◽

Double Exchange ◽

Orthorhombic Symmetry ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Aurivillius Phase ◽

X Ray ◽

Scanning Electron

Sintesis senyawa feroelektrik yang berbasis fasa Aurivillius berlapis empat (n = 4) yang didadah kation La3+ dan Mn3+, Ca1-xBi3,5+xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15 dengan x = 0, 0,2, 0,4, 0,6, 0,8, dan1 telah dilakukan dengan teknik lelehan garam. Karakterisasi produk dengan difraksi sinar-X (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa fasa tunggal Aurivillius ditunjukkan oleh sampel dengan x = 0, 0,2, 0,4, dan 0,6. Refinement struktur dengan teknik Le Bail diketahui bahwa senyawa Aurivillius yang terbentuk sesuai dengan simetri ortorombik dan grup ruang A21am. Analisis dengan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk semua sampel memperlihatkan morfologi sampel berupa lempengan yang merupakan ciri khas senyawa Aurivillius. Nilai konstanta dielektrik sampel dan konduktivitasnya mengalami kenaikan dengan meningkatnya x. Konduktivitas paling tinggi dimiliki oleh sampel x = 0,2 yang diperkirakan akibat adanya interaksi pertukaran ganda (double exchange) antara Mn3+ dan Mn4+.Synthesis of Aurivillius Compounds Ca1-xBi3,5 + xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15: Structure and Dielectric Properties. Synthesis of ferroelectric compounds based on a four-phase Aurivillius phase (n = 4) which is doped with La3+ and Mn3+ cations, Ca1-xBi3,5+xLa0,5Ti4-xMnxO15 with x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0 , 8, and 1 were carried out by molten salts technique. Characterization of products using X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the single phase Aurivillius was shown by the samples with x = 0, 0,2, 0,4, and 0,6. The results of refinement show that the Aurivillius phase formed has orthorhombic symmetry with A21am space group. Morphology analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for all samples shows the plate-like as the characteristic of Aurivillius compounds. The value of dielectric constant and conductivity of the samples increases as increase of x. The conductivity of x = 0.2 is the highest predicted due to the interaction of double exchange between Mn3+ and Mn4+.

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Preliminary Preparation and Characterization Studies of Cellulose from Merbau (Intsia bijuga)

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.620.314 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 620 ◽

pp. 314-319

Author(s):

Nur Amira Mamat Razali ◽

Fauziah Abdul Aziz ◽

Saadah Abdul Rahman

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Alkaline Treatment ◽

Raw Material ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Preliminary Preparation ◽

Characterization Studies ◽

Scanning Electron

Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. The characteristic of hardwood include flowers, endosperm within seeds and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. This paper aims to discuss the preparation and characterization of cellulose obtained from hardwood. The hardwood Merbau (Intsia bijuga) was chosen as raw material in this study. Alkaline treatment and delignification methods were used for the preparation of cellulose. Acid hydrolysis was employed to produce cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The treated and untreated samples were characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The final product, from both trated and untreated samples were then compared.

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Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of BiFeO3 Polyhedral Crystallites

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.508 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 174-177 ◽

pp. 508-511

Author(s):

Lin Lin Yang ◽

Yong Gang Wang ◽

Yu Jiang Wang ◽

Xiao Feng Wang

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Xrd Pattern ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Scanning Electron

BiFeO3 polyhedrons had been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared products were characterized by power X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The possible mechanisms for the formation of BiFeO3 polyhedrons were discussed. Though comparison experiments, it was found that the kind of precursor played a key role on the morphology control of BiFeO3 crystals.

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Automated morphometrical characterization of material phases of fired clay bricks based on Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and Powder X-ray Diffraction

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122909 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 288 ◽

pp. 122909

Author(s):

Thomas Buchner ◽

Thomas Kiefer ◽

Wolfgang Gaggl ◽

Luis Zelaya-Lainez ◽

Josef Füssl

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Clay Bricks ◽

Scanning Electron

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Characterization of a coating for radioprotection, by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dispersive energy spectroscopy

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126326 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 321 ◽

pp. 126326

Author(s):

Gladis Aparecida Galindo Reisemberger de Souza ◽

Ramón Sigifredo Cortés Paredes ◽

Frieda Saicla Barros ◽

Gustavo Bavaresco Sucharski ◽

Sebastião Ribeiro Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Scanning Electron

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Investigations of M3Al8O15:Eu3+,Dy3+ (M = Ba, Ca, Mg) phosphors

Materials Science-Poland ◽

10.1515/msp-2016-0047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 412-417

Author(s):

Esra Öztürk

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Solid State Reaction Method ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Reaction Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Three Samples ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

The Eu

AbstractIn this work, aluminate type phosphorescence materials were synthesized via the solid state reaction method and the photoluminescence (PL) properties, including excitation and emission bands, were investigated considering the effect of trace amounts of activator (Eu3+) and co-activator (Dy3+). The estimated thermal behavior of the samples at certain temperatures (> 1000 °C) during heat treatment was characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG). The possible phase formation was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphological characterization of the samples was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PL analysis of three samples showed maximum emission bands at around 610 nm, and additionally near 589 nm, 648 nm and 695 nm. The bands were attributed to typical transitions of the Eu3+ ions.

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Crystal Chemistry and Phase Equilibrium Studies of the Bao(baco3)‐r2o3‐cuo Systems. V. Melting Relations in ba2(y,nd,eu)cu3o6+x

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-169-81 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 169 ◽

Author(s):

Winnie Wong‐Ng ◽

Lawrence P. Cook ◽

Michael D. Hill ◽

Boris Paretzkin ◽

E.R. Fuller

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Single Phase ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Equilibrium Studies ◽

X Ray ◽

Helium Gas ◽

Ionic Size ◽

Differential Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Melting Relations ◽

Scanning Electron

AbstractThe influence of the ionic size of the lanthanides R on melting relations of Ba2RCu3O6+x, where R=Y, Eu and Nd, was studied and compared with that of a high Tc superconductor mixed‐lanthanide phase Ba2(Y.75Eu.125Nd 125)Cu3O6+xThese materials have been characterized by a variety of methods including differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X‐ray powder diffraction. Single phase samples of Ba2(Y.75Eu.125Nd.125)Cu3O6+x were annealed at 1004, 1040, 1052, 1060, 1078, 1107 and 1160°C and quenched into a helium gas container cooled by liquid nitrogen. The SEM micrographs of these samples showed the progressive chnages in features of the microstructures from sintering and grain growth through melting and then recrystallization from the melt. The addition of the SEM technique in conjunction with X‐ray diffraction has been helpful in the study of phase equilibria in this system.

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Preparation of Ultra–Fine La3NbO7 Powder by Solid State Reaction

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.158 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 512-515 ◽

pp. 158-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ling Dai ◽

Qiang Xu ◽

Shi Zhen Zhu ◽

Ling Liu

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Reaction ◽

Single Phase ◽

Thermal Barrier ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Granular Particle ◽

Fine Particle Size ◽

Ultra Fine Particle ◽

Different Temperatures

As a new candidate material for the ceramic layer in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) system, La3NbO7 was synthesized with La2O3 powder and Nb2O5 powder by solid state reaction. The stating powders with a mole ratio of La to Nb of 3:1 were mixed and then the mixture was calcined under the different temperatures(800°C, 1000°C, 1200°C) and dwell times(2h, 6h, 10h). The phase structure of the powder was observed by X–ray diffraction(XRD), and the microstructure of the sample was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). The effect of calcination temperature and dwell Time on the phase formation were examined. The results indicate that the La3NbO7 powder with single phase can be synthesized successfully at 1200°C for 10h in air, and the La3NbOsub>7 powders synthesized have an ultra-fine particle size of 0.5˜1µm with a granular particle shape. With the temperature increasing, LaNbO4/sub> was synthesized firstly and then La3NbO7 was synthesized with a mole ratio of La2O3 to LaNbO4 of 1:1.

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