Recent Progress in Biomass Tar Catalytic Cracking Method Research

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tao ◽  
Qiang Lu ◽  
Chang Qing Dong ◽  
Xiao Ze Du
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Tar Removal ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Biomass Tar ◽  
The Common

A major problem in the current biomass gasification systems is the formation of tar. The condensed tar at low temperatures may cause blockage and pollution of downstream equipments, as well as environmental pollution. Therefore, the removal and conversion of tar are the key issues for biomass gasification. At present, the common methods of tar removal are mainly mechanism methods, thermal cracking and catalytic cracking. In this paper, the catalytic cracking method and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed.

scholarly journals The Removal of Biomass Tar Derived Producer Gas by Means of Thermal and Catalytic Cracking Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Hafnee Lateh ◽  
Juntakan Taweekun ◽  
Kittinan Maliwan ◽  
Zainal Alimuddin Zainal Alauddin ◽  
Sukritthira Rattanawilai
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Tar Removal ◽  
Biomass Tar ◽  
Microwave Assistance

Tar derived from biomass gasification system needs to be eliminated before applying biomass producer gas for avoiding equipment and its gas problems. In this study, thermal and catalytic cracking methods of biomass tar along with microwave assistance in heat transfer were experimented at various temperatures during 650-1,200 °C and residence at 0.24-0.5 s. The results present that high tar removal efficiency by approximately 90 % under thermal cracking treatment and about 98 % with catalytic cracking method. It also shows that the catalytic cracking especially modified catalyst could be lowered carbon deposition on catalyst surface.

scholarly journals Thermal and Catalytic Cracking of Toluene Using Char from Commercial Gasification Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cordioli ◽  
Patuzzi ◽  
Baratieri
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Heavy Hydrocarbons ◽  
Tar Removal ◽  
Toluene Removal ◽  
Degradation Tests ◽  
Pyrolytic Char

Tar formation hinders the development of biomass gasification technologies. The use of pyrolytic char as a catalyst for removing tar has been widely investigated; its large specific surface area and pores distribution make it a good candidate for the cracking of heavy hydrocarbons. The present work assesses the catalytic activity of char from a commercial gasifier. Thermal degradation tests in N2 and in CO2 proved that the char is suitable for high-temperature applications (catalytic cracking) and showed release of CO and H2, which might affect the catalytic performance of the char when used for tar removal applications. For inspecting the potential of the char for tar removal, toluene was chosen as model tar. Through GC-FID, toluene removal efficiency and the amount of benzene produced from its decomposition were evaluated. Tests up to 1273 K resulted in tar removal efficiencies as high as 99.0%, and empty reactor tests allowed for discerning the effects of thermal and catalytic cracking. The catalytic activity of the char was more pronounced at 1173 K, as char increased the toluene removal efficiency from 39.9% (empty reactor) to 60.3%. The results confirmed that gasification char, like pyrolytic char, has a high potential for catalytic tar removal applications.

scholarly journals Extraction and Analysis of Tetrahydrocannabinol, A Cannabis Compound in Oral Fluid

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Zhiyuan Mi ◽  
Jiangtao Su ◽  
Xiangyu You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Testing ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Target

Although misuse and abuse of Cannabis is well known, the health benefits have been proved by various biomedical studies. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the major active substance in leaves of Cannabis, which is the common target for drug testing. In field drug testing, oral fluid (OF) has its unique advantages over other specimens such as blood, urine, and hair. Thus the study of THC in OF is gaining popularity in Cannabis research. In this review, extraction methods are introduced in three categories, which are Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE), Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE). Examples of application with each method will be covered. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods will be compared. In addition, methods in analysis following extraction will be briefly discussed.

Cognitive Interview

2018 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Maria Witewska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Cognitive Interview ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Judicial Systems

The article aims at presenting the topic of cognitive interview (CI) taking into account its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the usefulness of its application in Polish law enforcement during pre-trial proceedings. Due to the wide application of this method of questioning, mainly in countries with the common law judicial systems, it is worth considering which of the achievements of combined science and practice from Western Countries may be adapted in Poland. Are there any contraindications to conduct interviews by means of this method? If not, the question arises – what benefits it can bring to Polish practice.

Grundfragen der Organisation von Familienunternehmen

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Businesses ◽  
Law School ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Inheritance Tax ◽  
Family Enterprises ◽  
Societas Europaea ◽  
Key Issues

This volume documents the 8th annual conference of the Notarial Center for Family Enterprises of Bucerius Law School on October 25, 2019, which focused on key issues of the organization of family businesses: developments in (inheritance) tax law; design of articles of association for GmbH and GmbH & Co. KG; genderspecific succession clauses; family businesses in the form of Societas Europaea; advantages and disadvantages of different succession models; special challenges of corporate publicity in family businesses. With contributions by Dr. Christian Bochmann, Prof. Dr. Heribert Heckschen, Prof. Dr. Andreas Söffing, Prof. Dr. Marco Staake and Prof. Dr. Hartmut Wicke.

scholarly journals Imaging Review of Skeletal Tumors of the Pelvis—Part I: Benign Tumors of the Pelvis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandikota Girish ◽  
Karen Finlay ◽  
Yoav Morag ◽  
Catherine Brandon ◽  
Jon Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plain Film ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Pelvic Lesions

The osseous pelvis is a well-recognized site of origin of numerous primary and secondary musculoskeletal tumors. The radiologic evaluation of a pelvic lesion often begins with the plain film and proceeds to computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and possibly biopsy. Each of these modalities, with inherent advantages and disadvantages, has a role in the workup of pelvic osseous masses. Clinical history and imaging characteristics can significantly narrow the broad differential diagnosis for osseous pelvic lesions. The purpose of this review is to familiarize the radiologist with the presentation and appearance of some of the common benign neoplasms of the osseous pelvis and share our experience and approach in diagnosing these lesions.

1. Sketch of the Recent Progress of Sanskrit Literature

1866 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 90-91
Author(s):  
John Muir
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Indian Philosophy ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Indian Literature ◽  
Sanskrit Literature ◽  
The Common

After giving a sketch of the first beginnings of these studies in India, and their further prosecution in Europe, the author adverted to the relations of Sanskrit with the Greek, Latin, and Teutonic languages, and showed how this affinity established the common origin of the nations by which these languages have been spoken. He then proceeded to give an account of Indian literature, commencing with the hymns and other constituent parts of the Vedas, and then proceeding to the principal systems of Indian philosophy, of which he furnished an outline.

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