A Caribbean Visionary and His Literary Collection, Karlene Saundria Nelson

The voices of West Indian writers in the 1950s changed the landscape for Literature emerging out of the West Indies. These powerful literary voices were a means of creating and recording a facet of West Indian history and cultural heritage. West Indian writers wrote their stories through their own eyes. John Hearne was one of the most eloquent voices among them. He became a known voice in the West Indian literary world, using his recognition to facilitate the indigenous West Indian Literature genre’s development. He was also a prominent Jamaican political and social commentator. The John Hearne archive not only produced an important historical picture of the development of the West Indian Literature genre, but West Indian political history, and changes in the cultural and social fabric of the West Indian society, with special emphasis on Jamaica. This paper aims to present this archive as a fundamental body of primary resources for historical research.

Can New Education Policy 2020 Serve as a Paradigm Shift to the Employability Gap in India?

Employment and employability have lately surfaced as a significant concern for India that stands as the world's second central higher education system. The post-COVID-19 era further demanded a comprehensive policy at the national level. The Indian government approved the new education policy (NEP), bringing changes to higher education in the country on 29th July 2020. After an exhaustive reading of all education policies published in Indian literature, the authors present this viewpoint chapter, contributing to the extant literature on education policies in the following three ways. The first purpose is to evaluate and compare the current NEP 2020 to the last two educational policies of 1968 and 1986 to understand how far each policy could realize the goal of employability. The second purpose is to adumbrate the gaps between industry and academia in the proposed NEP 2020 to propose some transformative steps to fill the outlined gap. Thirdly, the main findings are depicted through a graphical representation to give some directions for future policy and research in employability.

Widowhood and Motherhood in Cinematic Imagination in the Historical Context

This article engages with the question of how Hindi cinema sought to synergize and imagine the nation, community and land in independent India as the embodiment of widowhood. I suggest that this process of embodiment was the culmination of a long historical-political process. The focus of this chapter is a 1957 Hindi film by Mehboob Khan named Mother India. The film stands out as a powerful emotional drama. On the one hand, this film marked continuity with the Indian literature, painting, theatre and cinema of the colonial period,1 on the other, Mother India influenced the culture of a new Indian nation after 1947. Within a decade after India attained independence from Britain, the Indian cinema became an undisputed site where the cultural engineering of a new nation could be enacted.2

The Demonstration of Indian Virtues in Vikram Seth’s A Suitable Boy

Indian literature has provided a platform for the writers to highlight the virtues of human civilization. The diversified attitude of people is emanated with the purpose of reviewing social, political and historical characteristics. Vikram Seth is one of the protuberant novelists of Indian literary consequence. He has exerted on the ideals of human virtues and principles in his colossal expression A Suitable Boy (1993). The novel deals with the post-independent groundswell of cultural India. He has interlaced the epitomes of society, politics and history bearing in mind the rootedness of common folk. The insight of the novel generates a kind of impulse among the bibliophiles with a sequence of queries and assumptions about the animation of social order. It also shed light on the identity, religious and national predicaments which are treated as inherent in India. The novel is an embodiment of satires perceived in the history of Indian humanity. It also embarks on the subjects of Indian National Politics till the period of first post-independent elections. The antagonism between Hindus and Muslims, workers and landlords, liberation of women and academic activities are interwoven in the literary output. Lata, the protagonist has been able to sustain the Indian aesthetics and illustrates the motivation in ascertaining her discrete aspiration. Love is the most important aspiration of human endurance, but it should not be the final optimal. An individual must be prepared to reform his choice and brand life as a meaningful one. Hence, the research paper makes an effort to demonstrate the Indian virtues in Vikram Seth’s A Suitable Boy within the modern context.

Understanding Dalit Literature: A Critical Perspective Towards Dalit Aesthetics

Indian literature has always been governed by classical norms. Literature has been divided into ‘high culture’ and ‘low culture’. The non-Dalit writing revolves around ‘rasa’ and the motive is ‘art for art’s sake’. Dalit aestheticism is ‘art for life’s sake’. When certain forms and styles are applied imitating Sanskrit poetics, Shakespearean language or Aristotle’s ‘Poetics’, literature is considered to be following beauty parameters that are considered to be necessary for artistic pleasure. This kind of claim of holding traditional Indian aesthetics as a law book for all kinds of literature cannot be validated. The assertion of mainstream aesthetics as aesthetics for pan India is bound to exclude the truth of disregarded subjects. There is a need for Dalit literature to follow alternative aesthetics as the writings are the real story of pain and survival. How can pain be read for the purpose of pleasure? In the case of Dalit literature, the artistic yardsticks are not destroyed rather they are rejected. The traditional aesthetics will not be able to do justice with Dalit literature. Sharankumar Limbale writes “To assert that someone’s writing will be called literature only when ‘our’ literary standards can be imposed on is a sign of cultural dictatorship” (Limbale, 2004, p. 107). This paper will be an attempt to discuss the need for alternative aesthetics to understand Dalit literature.

BANDHA (Inner Lock)-MUDRA (Hand Gesture): Essences of Optimizing Health

Background: Bandha and Mudras are found in ancient Indian literature to stimulate internal energy. The simplest know a few things approximately our subtle body, our soul. The act of bandhas stimulates the prana and chakras. Madra is a technique to stimulate the nervous system and glands to minimize the dysfunction of the mind and the mysterious powers of man; kundalini (the inner core energy) can rise to carry our consciousness to the cosmic sense. Purpose of the Study: To know our internal environment and the possible ways to control the internal vital energy. Through bandhas and practicing mudras one can able to get disease-free optimal health. The present article critically discussed the various aspects of bandhas and mudras and their benefit on human health and disease. Findings: Yogic practices help to better the functioning of the thyroid, pancreas, and comparable different important glandular systems to your body. Jalandhara bandha, for example, balances the thyroid gland and thereby benefitting digestion, increase, and weight management issues. Focusing and mental integration allows many hidden and unused cycles of the brain to reach our consciousness. Various psychological problems as for example, unconscious neurosis and complex repetitive actions lose their ability to affect our lives. Madras is a practical and simultaneous way to change your life. Conclusion: Traditionally, bandhas are classified as a part of the mudras, and are given orally from guru to student. Hatha Yoga Pradipika works with bandhas and mudras together. Bandha is heavily embedded in the mudra techniques and pranayama.

Plasmacytoma of the mandible: A diagnostic conundrum

Plasma cell dyscrasias are neoplastic proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells that encompass a wide range of entities. Plasmacytoma may present as one of two distinct clinical entities: Multiple myeloma and solitary plasmacytoma. The incidence of solitary plasmacytoma is 2-5% among all plasma cell neoplasms and it commonly involves long bones and vertebrae. Its occurrence in the jaw is extremely rare and only 4.4% are seen in mandible. Clinically, plasmacytoma of mandible presents as pain, tooth migration, hard and soft tissue swelling or pathological fracture. Radiologically, it presents as unilocular or multilocular lesion mimicking odontogenic tumour creating a diagnostic dilemma.We report a series of 3 cases of plasmacytoma of the mandible with comprehensive details of clinico-radiological, histological, immunohistochemistry findings and treatment with a review of the literature.These three cases were clinically mistaken for Ameloblastoma, Odontogenic tumour and Oral cancer respectively. There was one case of Solitary Plasmacytoma and two cases on further workup proved to be multiple myeloma. All these cases were confirmed by immunohistochemistry.Plasmacytoma of mandible is very rare. It is usually mistaken for other common mandibular lesions and oral cancers. Every attempt must be made to diagnose them precisely as management is quite specific. To best of our knowledge, this is the first series of plasmacytoma of the mandible in the Indian literature.

Type I cutaneous meningioma of dorsal thoracic spine (Rudimentary Meningocele): A rare entity at an unusual site

Cutaneous meningiomas (CM) are rare variants of meningiomas which are further classified into three subtypes. Type I CM (TICM) or Rudimentary meningocele (RM) is an uncommon developmental anomaly in which meningothelial elements are displaced into the skin and soft tissue. We present a case of 11 year boy with an upper back swelling since early childhood. His MRI spine showed a lesion at T4-T7 level with a fistulous tract connecting it to dural sac. Histopathology revealed clusters of oval to spindle cells arranged in whorls amidst collagen bundles and psammoma bodies. On immunohistochemistry these cells expressed EMA and Vimentin. A diagnosis of TICM was rendered based on these characteristic clinico-radiological & histopathological features. TICM pose a diagnostic challenge clinically and histopathologically and have an excellent prognosis. This is the 4 Indian case of RM and the 1 case of RM to be located in the spine in the Indian literature.

review on traditional medicinal plants with ant diabetic properties

In children following asthma and epilepsy, diabetes is the third most prevalent chronic condition. More recently, the cumulative incidence of diabetes has started to grow significantly among children and adults. This has been partly influenced by the obesity pandemic in youth. Understandably, the health agencies and countries coping with the disease's important morbidity with possible grave complications have been placing an economic strain. More treatment discoveries have since broadened the list of alternatives for the drugs available. The use of plants to treat different human conditions is stated in Ayurveda and other Indian literature. India has approximately 48000 plant species and several thousand of them have claimed to have medicinal properties. Ants diabetic properties have been seen in research on plants described or historically used in ancient literature in the last few decades. The area of herbal medicine has grown exponentially in recent years, and both in the development and developed countries these medications are increasingly common due to their natural sources and fewer side effects. This study is aimed to provide information about the plant's anti-diabetes function based on the main evidence gathered from web search pages from different literature and science publications.

Orientalists and Missionaries

The best accounts of Hindu religious beliefs and practices to reach Europe before 1800 came overwhelmingly from the pens of missionaries. There are several reasons why this was so. Their missionary task obviously motivated them to attempt to understand Hindu religion even if they ultimately rejected it as a false religion. Beyond this, missionaries were more likely than other Europeans, such as travelers or colonial officials, to spend the bulk of their lives, often several decades, in India. They were more likely to be well-educated, to learn Indian languages, and, especially, to read Indian literature. Although many remained in European coastal enclaves, in the early period they were also much more likely than other Europeans to spend extended periods beyond the colonial frontier, living and working in the hinterland. They were also usually required to give an account of their activities to their superiors in Europe. Their letters and reports are also more likely than those produced by independent travelers (although not colonial officials) to have survived by being preserved in European archives. Although missionary scholarship has continued into the 20th century and even beyond, it was gradually eclipsed by colonial and later professional scholarship from the end of the 18th century. The emphasis here will be on works emerging from the earlier period. Scholarship on missionaries has, until quite recently, been very largely the domain of historians of mission, many of whom were missionaries themselves. This has begun to change as the value of missionary accounts have been more widely recognized, and there has been a welcome shift from the often frankly hagiographic character of earlier secondary scholarship.