Determination of Phthalate Acid Esters in Water and Sediment Samples by GC–MS

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Shao ◽  
Yan Min Zou ◽  
Fu Xing Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Song Mei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phthalate Acid Esters

Water and bottom sediment samples were taken from the Zhenjiang section of the lower reach of Yangtze River, China during the autumn of 2011, aimed to study the pollution levels of six kinds of phthalate acid esters (PAEs). Water samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), with spiked recoveries ranging from 33.5% to 121.0%. Sediment samples were pretreated using ultrasonic-assisted organic solvent extraction, with recoveries varying from 43.7% to 107.6%. Results showed that the concentration levels of PAEs are below the limit of detection (LOD) –63.3μg/L in the water samples of Yangtze River. Tongji River water are severely contaminated by PAEs, with the concentrations of di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) up to 613ug/L. Four of PAEs were detected in the tap water of Zhenjiang. It was also found that all of detected PAEs are dominantly partitioned on suspended solids in water samples. The concentrations of PAEs in sediment samples are ranged from <LOD to 7.5mg/kg.

scholarly journals The Assessment of the Sewage and Sludge Contamination by Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) in Eastern Europe Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Olga Anne ◽  
Tatjana Paulauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phthalate Acid Esters

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as raw materials for industries that are well known for their environmental contamination and toxicological effects as “endocrine disruptors”. The determining of PAE contamination was based on analysis of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dipropyl phthalate (DPP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in wastewater and sediment samples collected from city sewer systems of Lithuania and Poland, and Denmark for comparison. The potential PAE sources as well as their concentrations in the wastewater were analyzed and discussed. The intention of the study was to determine the level and key sources of pollution by phthalates in some Eastern European countries and to reveal the successful managerial actions to minimize PAEs taken by Denmark. Water and sludge samples were collected in 2019–2020 and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The highest contamination with phthalates in Lithuania can be attributed to DEHP: up to 63% of total PAEs in water samples and up to 94% of total PAEs in sludge samples, which are primarily used as additive compounds to plastics but do not react with them and are gradually released into the environment. However, in water samples in Poland, the highest concentration belonged to DMP—up to 210 μg/L, while the share of DEHP reached 15 μg/L. The concentrations of priority phthalate esters in the water samples reached up to 159 μg/L (DEHP) in Lithuania and up to 1.2 μg/L (DEHP) in Denmark. The biggest DEHP concentrations obtained in the sediment samples were 95 mg/kg in Lithuania and up to 6.6 mg/kg in Denmark. The dominant compounds of PAEs in water samples of Lithuania were DEHP > DEP > DiBP > DBP > DMP. DPP and DCHP concentrations were less than 0.05 μg/L. However, the distribution of PAEs in the water samples from Poland was as follows: DMP > DEHP > DEP > DBP, and DiBP, as well as DPP and DCHP, concentrations were less than 0.05 μg/L. Further studies are recommended for adequate monitoring of phthalates in wastewater and sludge in order to reduce or/and predict phthalates’ potential risk to hydrobiots and human health.

Preparation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modified with imidazolium-based ionic liquids as a sorbent for the extraction of eight phthalate acid esters in water samples followed by UPLC-MS/MS analysis: an experimental design methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed Massoud Bahrololoomi Fard ◽  
Seyyed Hamid Ahmadi ◽  
Mannan Hajimahmodi ◽  
Reza Fazaeli ◽  
Mohsen Amini
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Design Methodology ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Phthalate Acid Esters

In the present study, different ionic liquid modified magnetic nanoparticles have been prepared and tested as nano-metric adsorbents for the analysis of eight phthalic acid esters (PAEs) from water samples using dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (D-micro-SPE).

scholarly journals Geographical and Seasonal Patterns of Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol in Environmental Water in Jiangsu Province of China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Ding ◽  
Shifu Peng ◽  
Yuqin Jin ◽  
Zhoubin Xuan ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to obtain the basic data of two common odorants—geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (GSM and 2-MIB)—in environmental water. More specifically, the headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) was applied to determine the levels of GSM and 2-MIB in water samples, and the samples were collected depending on water sources, conventional treatment processes, and seasons. The significant difference was shown for the 2-MIB levels of source waterP<0.05, the concentrations of GSM and 2-MIB decreased significantly as treatment process of tap water moved forward(P<0.0001), and the significant differences for the levels of GSM and 2-MIB were observed among three sampling periods(P<0.01). The levels of GSM and 2-MIB in all water samples were lower than 10 ng L−1, the odor threshold concentration (OTC), and the conventional treatment process plays a significant role in removing odorants in tap water.

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