Solar Automated Greenhouse

2013 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enoch de Santiago Rojas ◽  
Jorge Ivan Moncada Haaz ◽  
Felipe de J. Rabago Bernal ◽  
Adan Rodriguez Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
User Friendly

This paper describes the design and implementation of a solar powered automated greenhouse. The objectives are to automatically control the environment, irrigation, and fertilizer to plants in the greenhouse. Another aspect is that its operation is suitable for anyone without knowledge in greenhouses, computers, electronics, etc. Specific objectives are: Control the gain of the low temperature by means of a sensor and actuators that extract fans as hot air and introduce fresh air, and a lamp to increase the temperature if necessary. Control the relative humidity by means of a sensor and valves that open to introduce water and fertilize if necessary. Control the charge and discharge of the battery to avoid prejudicing its life. Develop a modular, user-friendly and simple to operate. Battery is charged by solar cells. This greenhouse can be installed in remote towns where electricity is not available.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation Automated Egg Incubator

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Abdelrahim Ahmed Mohammed Ate
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
System Use ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Locally Grown

Artificial egg incubators are devices used for incubating and hatching eggs through preservation the required conditions for fetus development inside the egg .Generally this paper aims to design and implement an egg incubator system in order to provide adequate conditions for egg hatching and to meet the growing market needs for locally grown white meat at reasonable prices, This system use software program  for controlling in the temperature and humidity using the proteus  program  and Arduino ide. The system of this incubator is based on two Arduino boards one of which is Arduino nano reads the temperature and humidity values inside the incubator chamber through sensor dht11 and it is displayed 16x2 display screen When this value is more than the maximum or less, then the bell give sound to be an indication of the exceeded permissible values and the controller processes the increase in the case of temperature by operating fans to expel and distribute the air. However, in the case of low temperature or humidity, the heater operates and pushes an amount of hot and steam into the inside incubator that make temperature and humidity high, it controls the motor that turns the eggs to change their position in order to prevent the embryo from sticking to the shell and. the electronic lock that makes the incubator door limited to the person responsible. The research would be a user-friendly product as it is manufactured in a limited and small size and can be transported to other locations with minimal user handling.

Using a low-temperature carbon electrode for preparing hole-conductor-free perovskite heterojunction solar cells under high relative humidity

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 7017-7023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Liu ◽  
Tielin Shi ◽  
Zirong Tang ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
Guanglan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells

We introduce a novel kind of low-temperature carbon CE for hole-conductor-free perovskite heterojunction solar cells, yielding a PCE up to 6.88% and exhibiting outstanding stability in air.

A novel low-temperature growth of uniform CuInS2 thin films and their application in selenization/sulfurization-free CuInS2 solar cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 102050
Author(s):  
Mehdi Dehghani ◽  
Ershad Parvazian ◽  
Nastaran Alamgir Tehrani ◽  
Nima Taghavinia ◽  
Mahmoud Samadpour
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Low Temperature Growth ◽  
Cuins2 Thin Films

scholarly journals Silver‐Promoted High‐Performance (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se 2 Thin‐Film Solar Cells Grown at Very Low Temperature

Solar RRL ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2100108
Author(s):  
Shih-Chi Yang ◽  
Jordi Sastre ◽  
Maximilian Krause ◽  
Xiaoxiao Sun ◽  
Ramis Hertwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Very Low Temperature

scholarly journals Low-temperature-processed metal oxide electron transport layers for efficient planar perovskite solar cells

Rare Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Xing Song ◽  
Xin-Xing Yin ◽  
Zai-Fang Li ◽  
Yao-Wen Li
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Temperature Preparation

Abstract As a promising photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs) have developed rapidly over the past few years and the highest power conversion efficiency is beyond 25%. Nowadays, the planar structure is universally popular in pero-SCs due to the simple processing technology and low-temperature preparation. Electron transport layer (ETL) is verified to play a vital role in the device performance of planar pero-SCs. Particularly, the metal oxide (MO) ETL with low-cost, superb versatility, and excellent optoelectronic properties has been widely studied. This review mainly focuses on recent developments in the use of low-temperature-processed MO ETLs for planar pero-SCs. The optical and electronic properties of widely used MO materials of TiO2, ZnO, and SnO2, as well as the optimizations of these MO ETLs are briefly introduced. The commonly used methods for depositing MO ETLs are also discussed. Then, the applications of different MO ETLs on pero-SCs are reviewed. Finally, the challenge and future research of MO-based ETLs toward practical application of efficient planar pero-SCs are proposed. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Influence of Ga back grading on voltage loss in low‐temperature co‐evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-637
Author(s):  
Shih‐Chi Yang ◽  
Mario Ochoa ◽  
Ramis Hertwig ◽  
Abdessalem Aribia ◽  
Ayodhya N. Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Voltage Loss

Study on Properties of Low-Temperature-Prepared Zinc Oxide-Based Inverted Organic Solar Cells and Improvement of their Photodurability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nakano ◽  
Sae Nakagawa ◽  
Fumiya Sato ◽  
Md. Shahiduzzaman ◽  
Makoto Karakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Solar Cells

scholarly journals GaInP/GaAs/poly-Si Multi-Junction Solar Cells by in Metal Balls Bonding

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Ray-Hua Horng ◽  
Yu-Cheng Kao ◽  
Apoorva Sood ◽  
Po-Liang Liu ◽  
Wei-Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Metal Line ◽  
Solar Simulator ◽  
Junction Solar Cell

In this study, a mechanical stacking technique has been used to bond together the GaInP/GaAs and poly-silicon (Si) solar wafers. A GaInP/GaAs/poly-Si triple-junction solar cell has mechanically stacked using a low-temperature bonding process which involves micro metal In balls on a metal line using a high-optical-transmission spin-coated glue material. Current–voltage measurements of the GaInP/GaAs/poly-Si triple-junction solar cells have carried out at room temperature both in the dark and under 1 sun with 100 mW/cm2 power density using a solar simulator. The GaInP/GaAs/poly-Si triple-junction solar cell has reached an efficiency of 24.5% with an open-circuit voltage of 2.68 V, a short-circuit current density of 12.39 mA/cm2, and a fill-factor of 73.8%. This study demonstrates a great potential for the low-temperature micro-metal-ball mechanical stacking technique to achieve high conversion efficiency for solar cells with three or more junctions.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Processed Fully Printed Efficient Planar Structure Carbon Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

2021 ◽  
pp. 2101219
Author(s):  
Fu Yang ◽  
Lirong Dong ◽  
Dongju Jang ◽  
Begench Saparov ◽  
Kai Cheong Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Planar Structure ◽  
Carbon Electrode
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