Study on Urea-Formaldehyde Resin for Glass Wool Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 1232-1236
Author(s):  
Nan Zhe Zhang

In order to prepare urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesive with good performance for glass wool products, we used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), p-toluenesulfonamide (PTSA) and methanol to modify UF resin, optimized the molar ratio of formaldehyde (F) / urea (U) and reaction components ratio by orthogonal test, reduced the content of free formaldehyde in UF resin, and enhanced the water resistance, flexibility and stability of UF resin.

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 25010-25017
Author(s):  
Li Lu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tianhua Li ◽  
Supeng Wang ◽  
Shoulu Yang ◽  
...  

Reactions between CaCO3 and CH2O2 during polycondensation of UF resin produce Ca2+. Ionic bond complexation binds Ca2+ with UF resin. The UF resin crystalline percentage decreases from 26.86% to 22.71%. IB strength of resin bonded fiberboard increases from 0.75 to 0.94 MPa.


2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Li Bin Zhu ◽  
Ji You Gu ◽  
Xiang Li Weng ◽  
Hai Yan Tan

Through the study of the effects of different dosage of additives on the properties of urea formaldehyde resin adhesive prepared at low mole ratio of formaldehyde/urea, optimize the synthetic process of the UF resin which is used at the E0 grade plywood. The results showed that the product synthesized under the following condition: the mole ratio of formaldehyde/urea is 0.99:1, the dosage of the specific additive is 1.0% and that of melamine is 3-4%, had a good comprehensive performance and the formaldehyde emission of the plywood meets the E0 grade which is environmental-friendly.


2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 3170-3173
Author(s):  
Ji Zhi Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ying Liu ◽  
Ying Ying Qiu ◽  
Xiao Mei Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang Li ◽  
...  

Urea-formaldehyde resin was modified by a modifier with different synthetic processes labelled as UFM1, UFM2, and UFM3 respectively. As a comparison, normal UF resin with a F/U molar ratio of 1.1 labelled as UF0 was synthesized. The thermal behavior of modified urea-formaldehyde resins was studied by TG-DTA techniques, and the properties of plywood bonded with the UFM resins were investigated. The conclusions were as follows: (1) the modifier used in this study could significantly reduce the free formaldehyde content of urea-formaldehyde resin and the formaldehyde emission of plywood; (2) The exothermic peak temperatures of DTA curve were 129.37, 125.05, 120.98, and 116.11 °C for UF0, UFM1, UFM2, and UFM3 respectively. (3) The plywood manufactured with UFM2 and UFM3 resins have high bonding strength (1.28MPa and 1.59MPa) and low formaldehyde emission value (E1 grade).


2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1056-1060
Author(s):  
Li Bin Zhu ◽  
Bo Han ◽  
Ji You Gu ◽  
Yan Hua Zhang ◽  
Hai Yan Tan ◽  
...  

The purpose of the study was to manufacture water-resistance plywood with using UF resin modified by emulsifiable polyisocyanate. The emulsifiable polyisocyanate which contains plenty of hydrophilic segments and teminal isocyanate groups were synthesized by reaction between various kinds of polyether polyols and polymeric methane dipthenyl diisocyanate (pMDI). A type of composite adhesive was obtained from the mixture of emulsifiable polyisocyanate and urea formaldehyde resin. The process parameters, such as the molar ratio of –NCO and –OH, mass fraction of emulsifiable polyisocyanate in UF resin and accessory ingredient have a great influence on the composite adhesive. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) had been used to analyze the chemical structure of bonding interface. The results showed that the composite adhesive consisting of UF resin and emulsifiable polyisocyanate content of 7.5% and kaolin content of 1.5% was used in plywood with high physical and mechanical properties, water resistance and low formaldehyde emission.


RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 12850-12861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
Z. B. He ◽  
L. Xue ◽  
D. M. Chu ◽  
J. Mu

To investigate the influence of urea–formaldehyde resin (UF resin) adhesive on the thermal utilization of wood waste, the pyrolysis of particleboard and its main components (poplar and UF resin) are studied in this paper.


2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Jing Wen Xue ◽  
Jian Bo Qu ◽  
Wen Xia Liu

Lignin-urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive was synthesized with alkali lignin from gramineae waste pulping liquor. Alkali lignin was purified and hydroxymethylated with HCHO and then crosslinked with urea-formaldehyde resin, polyvinyl alcohol and melamine. Results showed that lignin content in purified alkali lignin was 86.91%, both binding strength and free HCHO content of urea-formaldehyde resin synthesized from hydroxymethylated lignin reached the optimum value. The proper lignin amount for preparing resin was 30%, and the binding strength at this condition was 4.56MPa, and free formaldehyde content was 0.049%.


2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3476-3480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhong Gao ◽  
Chao Yue ◽  
Hai Bo Cao ◽  
Xiao Bo Wang ◽  
Xiao Feng Zhu ◽  
...  

Low formaldehyde emission and high bonding strength were two basic criterions of a good urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UFRA). In our study, melamine modified methylolurea solution (MUS), was synthesized and used as modifier for UFRA. The bonding strength and formaldehyde emission of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesives(UFRA) were influenced by some factors such as F/U molar ratio of the main resin, F/U molar ratio of modifier, melamine content, mixing ratio of main resin with modifier, which were investigated by a series of single-factor experiments. The results showed that the best adhesive bonding strength of UFRA was 0.93MPa and the lowest formaldehyde emission was 0.43mg / L, when F/U molar ratio of the main resin was 1.5, F/U molar ratio of the MUS was 0.5, the mass fraction of melamine addition level was 5wt.% of MUS, and the mixing mass ratio of methylolurea solution (MUS) to the main UF resin was 20:80.


2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Timuçin Bardak ◽  
Eser Sozen ◽  
Kadir Kayahan ◽  
Selahattin Bardak

Author(s):  
С.Н. Вьюнков ◽  
В.В. Васильев

Разработана методика химического анализа компонента карбамидоформальдегидной смолы (КФС), нерастворимого в воде. Синтезировали смолу при мольном соотношении исходных компонентов карбамид : формальдегид = 1 : 2, температуре 90 °С, начальной рН = 7,0…8,0, рН на кислой стадии 4,0…4,3. Для выделения водонерастворимого компонента КФС смешивали с большим количеством воды. Осадок промывали водой и растворяли в растворе йодида калия концентрацией 40%. В полученном растворе проводили окисление гидроксиметильных групп и свободного формальдегида йодом в щелочной среде. Избыток йода оттитровывали раствором тиосульфата натрия. В результате реакции образовывался белый хлопьевидный осадок, который отфильтровывали и подвергали анализу. В образце проводили определение общего содержания формальдегида и карбамида. Для этого анализируемый состав помещали в круглодонную колбу, снабженную прямым холодильником и капельной воронкой. В капельную воронку вливали отмеренное количество 45%-й фосфорной кислоты и по каплям добавляли ее в колбу. Колбу нагревали на металлической плитке, собирали выделяющийся формальдегид и сопутствующую воду в мерную колбу. После окончания процесса проводили определение выделившегося формальдегида. Определение карбамида осуществляли, используя уреазно-гипохлоритный метод, при котором уреаза гидролизует оставшийся карбамид до аммиака и двуокиси углерода. Далее весь образовавшийся аммиак определяли по его цветной реакции с гипохлоритом натрия и пересчитывали на карбамид. Разделив полученные массы карбамида и формальдегида на их молекулярные массы получили мольное соотношение карбамид : формальдегид в нерастворимом осадке, равное 1 : 1,5. Наименьшей молекулой, отвечающей этому условию, является олигомер, в котором четыре молекулы карбамида соединены тремя метиленэфирными связями, т. е. содержат шесть молекул формальдегида. Однако олигомеры с небольшой молекулярной массой хорошо растворимы в воде. К водонерастворимым относятся олигомеры с большой массой, значительно превышающей средний уровень. Расчёты показали, что среднее число звеньев из карбамида и метиленэфирной связи в олигомерах КФС составляет 10, а максимальное может доходить до 122. Исследование процесса отверждения компонента КФС, нерастворимого в воде, методом дифференциального термического анализа показало, что оно так же, как и КФС, проходит в три стадии. Однако температуры эндотермических пиков отличаются. Так, пик второй стадии отверждения КФС отмечен на уровне 241,0 °С, а для олигомера, нерастворимого в воде, он соответствует 244,2 °С. Ещё большие различия в температурах пиков третьей стадии отверждения: для КФС он 274,4 °С, для олигомера, нерастворимого в воде, 288,2 °С. Очевидно, что олигомер, нерастворимый в воде, значительно замедляет процесс отверждения КФС. A method of chemical analysis of a component of urea-formaldehyde resin (UFR) which is insoluble in water has been developed. The resin was synthesized at the molar ratio of the starting components urea : formaldehyde = 1 : 2, temperature 90 °С, initial pH = 7,0...8,0 pH in acidic stage 4,0...4,3. For isolation of the water-insoluble component, UFR was mixed with a large amount of water. The precipitate was washed with water and dissolved in a 40% potassium iodide solution. In the resulting solution, hydroxymethyl groups and free formaldehyde were oxidized with iodine in an alkaline medium. Excess of iodine was titrated with a solution of sodium thiosulfate. As a result of the reaction, a white flake-like precipitate was formed, which was filtered out and analyzed. The total content of formaldehyde and urea was determined in the sample. To do this, the analyzed composition was placed in a round-bottomed flask equipped with a direct condenser and a dropping funnel. A measured amount of 45% phosphoric acid was poured into the dropping funnel and added drop by drop to the flask. The flask was heated on a metal tile, and the released formaldehyde and accompanying water were collected in a measuring flask. After the end of the process, the released formaldehyde was determined. Urea was determined using the urease- hypochlorite method, in which urease hydrolyzes the remaining urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Then all the formed ammonia was determined by its color reaction with sodium hypochlorite and converted to urea. Separating the obtained masses of urea and formaldehyde by their molecular masses, we obtained a molar ratio of urea : formaldehyde in an insoluble precipitate equal to 1: 1.5. The smallest molecule that meets this condition is an oligomer in which four carbamide molecules are connected with three methylenester bonds, i.e. they contain six formaldehyde molecules. However, oligomers with a small molecular weight were highly soluble in water. Water-insoluble oligomers are those with a large mass that is significantly higher than the average level. Calculations showed that the average number of urea and methylene-ether links in UFR oligomers was 10, while the maximum number can reach 122. The study of the curing process of the UFR component, insoluble in water, by differential thermal analysis showed that it, like UFR, took place in three stages. However, the temperatures of endothermic peaks differed. Thus, the peak of the second stage of UFR curing was found at the level of 241.0 °C, and for an oligomer that was insoluble in water, it corresponded to 244.2 °C. There were even greater differences in the peak temperatures of the third stage of curing: 274.4 °C for UFR an,288.2 °C for the water-insoluble oligomer. It has been obvious that the water-insoluble oligomer significantly has slowed down the UFR curing process.


RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (52) ◽  
pp. 32830-32836
Author(s):  
Kazuki Saito ◽  
Yasushi Hirabayashi ◽  
Shinya Yamanaka

This is the first experiment to demonstrate that GO effectively prevents formaldehyde emission from UF resin.


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