Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 16Cr-2Ni Stainless Steel Fusion and Solid State Welds-Influence of Post Weld Treatments

2013 ◽  
Vol 794 ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Madhusudhan Reddy ◽  
Adula Rajasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Eb Welding ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels

Many critical applications in chemical equipment, aircraft and ordinance demand a material of construction with high strength and good corrosion resistance. Frequently the strength requirement exceeds that obtainable with austenitic or ferritic stainless steel and it is necessary to use one of the martensitic stainless steels. Since martensitic stainless steels are structural materials, weldability has been an important consideration in their development. AISI 431 is one of the most potentially attractive steels in this class used extensively for parts requiring a combination of high tensile strength, good toughness and corrosion resistance. Although this material has been used for many years, little information is available on the welding behavior of these steels. Further, data on electron beam (EB) welding and solid state welding process like friction welding are scarce. The lack of knowledge constitutes a potential drawback to the more widespread use of these steels. Hence, a study has been taken up to develop an understanding on the electron beam welding and friction welding aspects of martensitic stainless steel type AISI 431. Various kinds of post weld heat treatments (PWHT) were investigated to determine their influence on microstructure and mechanical properties. Weld center in EB welding resulted a cast structure consists of dendritic structure with ferrite network in a matrix of un-tempered martensite. In friction welding, the weld center exhibited thermo-mechanical effected structure consists of fine intragranular acicular martensite in equiaxed prior austenite grains. In both the welding processes, post weld tempering treatment resulted in coarsening of the martensite which increases with increase in tempering temperature. In the as-weld condition, welds exhibited high strength and hardness and poor impact toughness. Increase in impact toughness and decrease in strength and hardness is observed with an increase in tempering temperature. The hardness of EB welds increased with increase in the austenitizing temperature up to 1100 °C and a marginal decrease thereafter was observed. Double austenitization after double tempering resulted in optical mechanical properties i.e., strength, hardness and toughness.

CRUCIBLE 174 SXR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance

Abstract Crucible 174 SXR is a premium-quality precipitation-hardening stainless steel designed for use as rifle barrels. It is a modification of Crucible’s 17Cr-4Ni that offers substantially improved machinability without sacrificing toughness. Its excellent corrosion resistance approaches that of a 300 series austenitic stainless steel, while its high strength is characteristic of 400 series martensitic stainless steels. At similar hardness levels, Crucible 174 SXR offers greater toughness than either the 410 or 416 stainless steels which are commonly used for rifle barrels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: SS-1034. Producer or source: Crucible Service Centers.

Properties of Precipitation Hardening 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Metallurgy Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kazior ◽  
Aneta Szewczyk-Nykiel ◽  
Tadeusz Pieczonka ◽  
Marek Hebda ◽  
Marek Nykiel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treated

Alloys from austenitic and ferritic stainless steel found to be satisfactory for a great many applications. However, for applications that require higher levels of strength and hardness from the martensitic grades are frequently specified. Martensitic stainless steels offer significantly higher strengths but have to low ductility. For this reason for application where high levels of strength and a moderate ductility is required, the precipitation strengthened stainless steels are often considered. One of the most popular alloy of this kind of stainless steel is 17-4 PH. The aim of the present paper was to examined the influence the process parameters in conventional powder metallurgy processing on the mechanical properties of the 17-4 PH alloy in both as-sintered and heat treated conditions. In was found that temperature of aged is a very sensitive parameter for obtained high strength and acceptable ductility.

AISI No. 633

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Structural Applications

Abstract AISI No. 633 is a chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel whose properties can be changed by heat treatment. It bridges the gap between the austenitic and martensitic stainless steels; that is, it has some of the properties of each. Its uses include high-strength structural applications, corrosion-resistant springs and knife blades. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-389. Producer or source: Stainless steel mills.

ALZ 316

Alloy Digest ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract ALZ 316 is an austenitic stainless steel with good formability, corrosion resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties. It is the basic grade of the stainless steels, containing 2 to 3% molybdenum. After the 304 series, the molybdenum-containing stainless steels are the most widely used austenitic stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-756. Producer or source: ALZ nv.

ALLEGHENY LUDLUM TYPE 205

Alloy Digest ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Austenitic Steels

Abstract Allegheny Stainless Type 205 is a chromium-manganese nitrogen austenitic high strength stainless steel that maintains its low magnetic permeability even after large amounts of cold working. Annealed Type 205 has higher mechanical properties than any of the conventional austenitic steels-and for any given strength level, the ductility of Type 205 is comparable to that of Type 301. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-640. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation. Originally published March 1996, revised October 1997.

CARLSON ALLOY 926 Mo

Alloy Digest ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil Platforms ◽  
Alloy 926 ◽  
Corrosive Environments

Abstract Carlson alloy 926 Mo is a superaustenitic 6% Mo stainless steel that resists highly corrosive environments and has excellent chloride pitting, crevice, and stress-corrosion cracking resistance. It can be utilized where the performance of conventional austenitic stainless steels is bor-derline, or as a cost-effective substitute for nickel alloys. The higher mechanical properties that allow designs with thinner sections than con-ventional stainless steels are highly desired for oil platforms. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-842. Producer or source: G.O. Carlson Inc., Electralloy.

SANDMEYER ALLOY 410 (UNS S41000)

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Sandmeyer Alloy 410 (UNS S41000) is a general purpose 12% chromium martensitic stainless steel that can be heat treated to obtain a wide range of mechanical properties. This alloy possesses good corrosion resistance along with high strength and hardness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1316. Producer or source: Sandmeyer Steel Company.

NIPPON/SUMITOMO NF709

Alloy Digest ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Sumitomo NF709 is a high temperature austenitic stainless steel with high strength. It also has better steam and hot chloride alkali oxidation than conventional stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: SS-1180. Producer or source: Sumitomo Metal USA Corporation.

The development of a588 modified laterite steel using thermomechanical and low-temperature tempering process for weather resistant steel

Teknik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Miftakhur Rohmah ◽  
Dedi Irawan ◽  
Dedi P. Utama ◽  
Toni B. Romijarso
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Tempered Martensite ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Thermomechanical Process ◽  
Tempering Process

Laterite Steel A-588 has the potential to be a high strength low alloy for Corten steel application. Laterite steel A-588 is developed through a thermomechanical process followed by a tempering process to obtain high strength and corrosion resistance. This study aims to determine the correlation between the addition of nickel content, the variation of the cooling rate during heat treatment to the mechanical properties, and the corrosion resistance of A-588 laterite steel. The Cu, Cr, Ni, P, and Si elements significantly impact microstructure transformation. Laterite Steel A-588 with nickel and thermo-mechanical process variation has been focused on in this research. Laterite steel with 0,42%, 1%, 2%, and 3% nickel varied was homogenized, hot rolled, and heat treated with three cooling variations by water, oil, and air. They are processed with 150 C tempering. Low tempering temperature caused fine carbide precipitation and phase transition of martensite to bainite. This resulted in bainite as the final microstructure, lath tempered martensite, carbide, and ferrite. 3% Ni with a fast cooling rate increased the tempered martensite and bainite phase formation. It allowed the strength and hardness to increase relatively, followed by decreased elongation and corrosion resistance caused by the galvanic reaction. Most optimal of mechanical properties determined at a sample with 2% nickel in a water medium (strength 1203 MPa, elongation 10%, hardness 404 BHN, corrosion rate 1,306 mpy).

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