Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Take off from Inclined Surfaces in Disaster Situations

2013 ◽  
Vol 846-847 ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Yan Xiong Wu ◽  
Min Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Disaster Research ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Inclined Surfaces ◽  
The Relationship

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been utilized to acquire imagery for disaster research and management in recent years. Because of the huge destructive power of natural disasters, it is usually difficult for UAVs to find plane to take off. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid system to control UAVs, taking off from inclined surfaces continuously. The relationship between the pitch angle and the altitude of UAVs has been analyzed. The experiments results show that our hybrid system and method are efficient and applicable in disaster situations.

scholarly journals Trust Mediating Reliability–Reliance Relationship in Supervisory Control of Human–Swarm Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1237-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Hussein ◽  
Sondoss Elsawah ◽  
Hussein A. Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
The Relationship

Objective This work aims to further test the theory that trust mediates the interdependency between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance on automation. Background Human trust in automation has been the focus of many research studies. Theoretically, trust has been proposed to impact human reliance on automation by mediating the relationship between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance. Experimentally, however, the results are contradicting as some confirm the mediating role of trust, whereas others deny it. Hence, it is important to experimentally reinvestigate this role of trust and understand how the results should be interpreted in the light of existing theory. Method Thirty-two subjects supervised a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in foraging missions in which the swarm provided recommendations on whether or not to collect potential targets, based on the information sensed by the UAVs. By manipulating the reliability of the recommendations, we observed changes in participants’ trust and their behavioral responses. Results A within-subject mediation analysis revealed a significant mediation role of trust in the relationship between swarm reliability and reliance rate. High swarm reliability increased the rate of correct acceptances, but decreased the rate of correct rejections. No significant effect of reliability was found on response time. Conclusion Trust is not a mere by-product of the interaction; it possesses a predictive power to estimate the level of reliance on automation. Application The mediation role of trust confirms the significance of trust calibration in determining the appropriate level of reliance on swarm automation.

scholarly journals Remotely Sensed Water Limitation in Vegetation: Insights from an Experiment with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Easterday ◽  
Chippie Kislik ◽  
Tod E. Dawson ◽  
Sean Hogan ◽  
Maggi Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Flying Height ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Relationship

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral sensors present an opportunity to monitor vegetation with on-demand high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study, we use multispectral imagery from quadcopter UAVs to monitor the progression of a water manipulation experiment on a common shrub, Baccharis pilularis (coyote brush), at the Blue Oak Ranch Reserve (BORR) near San Jose, California. We recorded multispectral data from the plants at several altitudes with nearly hourly intervals to explore the relationship between two common spectral indices, NDVI and NDRE, and plant water content and water potential, as physiological metrics of plant water status, across a gradient of water deficit. An examination of the spatial and temporal thresholds at which water limitations were most detectable revealed that the best separation between levels of water deficit were at higher resolution (lower flying height), and in the morning (NDVI) and early morning (NDRE). We found that both measures were able to identify moisture deficit in plants and distinguish them from control and watered plants; however, NDVI was better able to distinguish between treatments than NDRE and was more positively correlated with field measurements of plant water content than NDRE. Finally, we explored how relationships between spectral indices and water status changed when the imagery was scaled to courser resolutions provided by satellite-based imagery (PlanetScope) and found that PlanetScope data was able to capture the overall trend in treatments but was not able to capture subtle changes in water content. These kinds of experiments that evaluate the relationship between direct field measurements and UAV camera sensitivity are needed to enable translation of field-based physiology measurements to landscape or regional scales.

A Method for Estimating the Area of Damaged Croplands and Woodlands with the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Drones)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Podciborski ◽  
Jacek Kil
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Extent Of Damage

Growing social demand for access to spatial information spurs the rapid development of measurement methods and systems for registering the results of spatial evaluations and analyses (Kwietniewski 2008). Any assessment of spatial development is carried out on the basis of information obtained from specific sources (Kowalczyk 2007). The main objective of this study was to propose a method for assessing the extent of damage caused by natural disasters to croplands and woodlands with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones). The main aim was achieved through detailed goals, including determination of the causes of natural disasters, description of the field inspection procedure and development of loss assessment principles. The proposed method was verified in selected research sites, and the resulting damage report detailing cropland losses is presented in the study.

scholarly journals Computational optimal launching control for balloon-borne solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles in near-space

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 003685041987775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanpeng Hu ◽  
Yanping Yang ◽  
Xiaoping Ma ◽  
Shu Li
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Near Space ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Axial Acceleration ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Solar Powered

The near-space solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle has broad prospects in application owing to its high altitude long-endurance performance. Launching solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle into the near-space with balloon-borne approach has advantages over the traditional sliding take-off methods, in that it is able to quickly and safely cross the turbulent zone. In this article, we investigate the control technology of balloon-borne launching for the solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles. First, the motion of the launching process is divided into longitudinal and lateral-directional motion, with the longitudinal process and its equation addressed in detail. We then analyze the flight state and restriction conditions that the unmanned aerial vehicle should meet during the process. Second, the target variables and constraints are selected to formulate the optimization problem. The control variable parameterization method is applied to find the optimal pitch angle in the releasing-and-pulling process. More explicitly, a three-channel attitude stabilization controller is designed, in which the longitudinal channel takes the optimal pitch angle as the pitch instruction, the transverse channel carries out the zero control of the inclination angle, and the course channel takes the stabilization control, respectively. Numerical simulation results show that our proposed control design is capable of accelerating the solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicles from the vertical state and pulling them up to the horizontal cruising flight state, with the flight angle of attack, the maximum speed, and the maximum axial acceleration in the pulling process all within the designed range.

scholarly journals Brief Communication "The use of UAV in rock fall emergency scenario"

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 4011-4029 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Giordan ◽  
A. Manconi ◽  
A. Facello ◽  
M. Baldo ◽  
F. dell'Anese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Rock Fall ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Emergency Scenario ◽  
Study Results ◽  
First Results ◽  
Emergency Scenarios ◽  
North Western

Abstract. In recent years, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in operations in civilian/commercial contexts is becoming increasingly common also for the applications concerning the anthropic and natural disasters. In this paper, we present the first results of a research project aimed at defining a possible methodology for the use of micro-UAVs in emergency scenarios relevant to rock fall phenomena. To develop and support the presented method, the case study results relative to a rock fall emergency occurred on 7 March 2014 in the San Germano municipality (north-western Italy) are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Remotely Sensed Water Limitation in Vegetation: Insights from an Experiment with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Easterday ◽  
Chippie Kislik ◽  
Todd Dawson ◽  
Sean Hogan ◽  
Maggi Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Multispectral Imagery ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Relationship

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multispectral sensors present an opportunity to monitor vegetation with on-demand high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study we use multispectral imagery from quadcopter UAVs to monitor the progression of a water manipulation experiment on a common shrub, Baccharis pilularis (coyote brush) at the Blue Oak Ranch Reserve (BORR) ~20 km east of San Jose, California. We recorded multispectral imagery at several altitudes with nearly hourly intervals to explore the relationship between two common spectral indices, NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and NDRE (normalized difference red edge index), leaf water content and water potential as physiological metrics of plant water status, across a gradient of water deficit. An examination of the spatial and temporal thresholds at which water limitations were most detectable revealed that the best separation between levels of water deficit were at higher resolution (lower flying height), and in the morning (NDVI) and early morning (NDRE). We found that both measures were able to identify moisture deficit across treatments; however, NDVI was better able to distinguish between treatments than NDRE and was more positively correlated with field measurements of leaf water content. Finally, we explored how relationships between spectral indices and water status changed when the imagery was scaled to courser resolutions provided by satellite-based imagery (PlanetScope).We found that PlanetScope data was able to capture the overall trend in treatments but unable to capture subtle changes in water content. These kinds of experiments that evaluate the relationship between direct field measurements and UAV camera sensitivity are needed to enable translation of field-based physiology measurements to landscape or regional scales.

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