Morphology of Roman, Islamic and Medieval Seismic Design: Pointed Arch and Ablaq

2014 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Alessandro Camiz
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Event ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
Lisbon Earthquake ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Pointed Arch

In ancient written sources earthquakes were mostly interpreted as a divine punishment for human sins, only few authors instead interpreted the seismic event as a phenomenon independent from human actions. Considering the built architectures as material documents, several examples can be found, suggesting that there was an empyrical knowledge of the consequences of earthquakes on buildings. Modern literature on the topic, mostly within engineering studies, lacking an historical approach, assumes that in ancient times science ignored the physical nature of seismic events and consequently declares that architects couldn’t consider dynamics in their projects. The close examination of some examples shows clearly that Roman, Islamic and Medieval architects had an empirical knowledge of dynamics, probably based on post-seismic reconstruction. This knowledge developed through history, so it is possible to outline a history of seismic design way before the Lisbon earthquake (1775), considered by many authors as the beginning of the history of seismic design.

scholarly journals William Cawthorne Unwin, 1838 - 1933

1934 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mechanics ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
Modern Engineering ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Informed Opinion ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Ideal

The death of William Gawthorne Unwin marks the end of a significant phase in the history of modern engineering. He was one of the last of that distinguished band of pioneers who by example and by teaching helped to bridge the gulf that had for ages existed between the study of abstract science and its practical application in engineering. His career covered the whole period during which engineering became gradually recognized as a branch of science. It is difficult now to realize that at the time when Unwin’s engineering studies began, informed opinion was inclined still to regard as “ vulgar and sordid ” the application of science to practical engineering. Such a state of affairs at so recent a date may well astonish us, although Rankine, in the celebrated introduction to his volume on Applied Mechanics, describes how wide was the gulf fixed between the ideal and the practical by the philosophers of ancient times.

History of thyroid surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

The authors present an outline of the development of thyroid surgery from the ancient times to the beginning of the 20th century, when the definitive surgical technique have been developed and the physiologic and pathopfysiologic consequences of thyroid resections have been described. The key representatives, as well as the contribution of the most influential czech surgeons are mentioned.

HAJJ AND THE RULERS OF

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
D.X. Sangirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Sacred Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Middle Ages

Revered since ancient times, the concept of "sacred place" in the middle ages rose to a new level. The article analyzes one of the important issues of this time - Hajj (pilgriamge associated with visiting Mecca and its surroundings at a certain time), which is one of pillars of Islam and history of rulers who went on pilgrimage

scholarly journals The Carol about the Pagan Rite of Sacrifice of a Goat and Its Interpretation in Russian Scholarship of the 19th to 20th Centuries

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Andrey Toporkov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Document ◽  
Authentic Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

In publications of Russian folklore, along with authentic texts there are a number of literary stylizations based on folklore. The article traces the history of one such pseudo-folkloric text—a carol which was first published by Ivan Petrovich Sakharov (1807 to 1863) in 1837. It has been established that this carol is a montage of two texts: the first is a carol, printed in 1817 by I.E. Sreznevsky in the Ukrainian Bulletin, and the second is a song included in the Tale of Brother Ivanushka and his Sister Alyonushka (SUS 450). Such contamination is unique and is found only in this one text, which was later reprinted many times. Taking into account Sakharov’s reputation as a falsifier of folklore, there is no reason to doubt that it was he who composed this carol; such contamination of works belonging to different folkloric genres is also characteristic of other of Sakharov’s publications. The carol that Sakharov published attracted the particular interest of researchers of Slavic mythology due to the fact that it described how an old man was going to sacrifice a goat. Several generations of historians saw in this pseudo-folkloric text a description of a ritual that pagan Slavs performed in ancient times. Considering the carol as an historical document, researchers of mythology built their interpretations based on the supposed time of its appearance, the nature of its genre, plot, and individual details. Thus, Sakharov’s pseudo-folkloric creation found an eager audience among scholars, and it stimulated their imagination in picturing the life of pagan Rus’.

History of Warships from Ancient Times to the Twenty-First Century

1999 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Clark G. Reynolds ◽  
James L. George
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Twenty First Century

MODERN PERFORMANCE ON THE KAZAKH KOBYZ

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
T. Zh. Yeginbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ensemble Performance ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
New Development ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

Global processes in the musical culture of Kazakhstan are the result of the numerous events that have taken place in the country over the past 20 years. The independence of the state has become a key factor that has had a decisive impact on the economic, socio-political and cultural development of the country. We have entered a new life, which has a rich cultural heritage and was carefully preserved by our ancestors. One of the proofs is the history of Kazakh kobyz art from ancient times to the present day. Modern kobyz art is closely connected with ancient history and has a rich natural tendency for new development, based on centuries of experience. Therefore, kobyz music of the XXth–XXIst centuries absorbed the traditions of European genres and styles, and is widely used in mass music, in various directions of ethnorock, art-rock, folk and others. Two lines of development of music for kobyz and music on kobyz existed in ancient times and nowadays. From here comes the divergence of creative direction among modern composers and in ensemble performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document