Nanostructured Bone Grafting Substitutes Versus Autologous Cancellous Bone – An Animal Experiment in Sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerber ◽  
Cornelia Ganz ◽  
Werner Götz ◽  
Kai Helms ◽  
Christoph Harms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Animal Experiment ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Resorptive Activity

In an In vivo study the full synthetic bone substitute NanoBone® S (NBS) was analyzed using a standardized bone defect (6 x 12 x 24mm) model in the ovine tibial metaphysis. The defect on the left side was filled with NBS granules and on the right side, autologous bone, harvested from the hip of the same animal, was inserted. After six, 12 and 26 weeks sheep were sacrificed and the tibiae analyzed. Quantitative histomorphological analysis after six weeks showed a resorption of biomaterial from over 60 to 24 percent. In contrast the bone formation after 6, and 12 weeks revealed an osteoneogenesis of 19%, and 34%, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin sections demonstrated multinucleated giant cells on the surface of the biomaterial and resorption lacunae, indicating osteoclastic resorptive activity.

In Vivo Behavior of a Custom-Made 3D Synthetic Bone Substitute in Sinus Augmentation Procedures in Sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Barbara Barboni ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Paolo Berardinelli ◽  
Alessandra Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute ◽  
Sinus Cavity ◽  
Custom Made

In this study, the in vivo behavior of a custom-made three-dimensional (3D) synthetic bone substitute was evaluated when used as scaffold for sinus augmentation procedures in an animal model. The scaffold was a calcium phosphate ceramic fabricated by the direct rapid prototyping technique, dispense-plotting. The geometrical and chemical properties of the scaffold were first analyzed through light and electron scanning microscopes, helium picnometer, and semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction measurements. Then, 6 sheep underwent monolateral sinus augmentation with the fabricated scaffolds. The animals were euthanized after healing periods of 45 and 90 days, and block sections including the grafted area were obtained. Bone samples were subjected to micro computerized tomography, morphological and histomorphometric analyses. A complete integration of the scaffold was reported, with abundant deposition of newly formed bone tissue within the biomaterial pores. Moreover, initial foci of bone remodeling were mainly localized at the periphery of the implanted area after 45 days, while continuous bridges of mature lamellar bone were recorded in 90-day specimens. This evidence supports the hypothesis that bone regeneration proceeds from the periphery to the center of the sinus cavity. These results showed how a technique allowing control of porosity, pore design, and external shape of a ceramic bone substitute may be valuable for producing synthetic bone grafts with good clinical performances.

In Vitro and In Vivo Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive Properties of a Synthetic Bone Substitute

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. e432-e439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Conserva ◽  
Federico Foschi ◽  
Ranieri Cancedda ◽  
Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

scholarly journals In VivoInvestigation of ALBO-OS Scaffold Based on Hydroxyapatite and PLGA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vukoman Jokanović ◽  
Božana Čolović ◽  
Dejan Marković ◽  
Milan Petrović ◽  
Milan Jokanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Synthetic Bone Substitute

A synthetic bone substitute based on calcium hydroxyapatite (CHA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), described in this paper, was synthesized to fulfill specific requirements like biodegradability, satisfying mechanical properties, optimal porosity and nanotopology, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, and so forth. Structural and morphological properties of the new scaffold were analyzed by micro computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy, while its physicochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy.In vivobiological investigations of the synthesized scaffold were conducted over the cutaneous irritation and biofunctionality assays on rabbits and the test of acute systemic toxicity on mice. The results showed that the scaffold is not irritant and that it does not exhibit any symptoms of acute toxicity. Biofunctionality assays which include evaluation of the presence of various cells of immune response, the presence of neoangiogenesis, percentage of mineralization of newly formed bone, and fibroplasia in the tissue indicated that the new scaffold is suitable for the application in maxillofacial and dental surgery as a bone substitute. Also, it showed significant advantages over commercial product Geistlich Bio-Oss® from the aspect of some parameters of immunological response.

Non-Invasive Detection of Multinucleated Giant Cells in the Conjunctiva of Patients with Sarcoidosis by In-Vivo Confocal Microscopy

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Wertheim ◽  
William D. Mathers ◽  
Lyndell Lim ◽  
Angela S. Watkins ◽  
Friederike Mackensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract 288: Distribution of Pathological Features and Inflammatory Cells in Patients With Giant Cell Myocarditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LIU SHANGYU ◽  
Yao Yan
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Giant Cell Myocarditis ◽  
Cardiac Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background: Giant-cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. The typical pathological features of GCM include an infiltration of multinucleated giant cells accompanied by numerous inflammatory immune cells. However, the etiology and pathophysiology of GCM remain largely unclear. Methods: Eight patients with pathological diagnoses with GCM underwent heart transplantation at our center. Hematoxylin- eosin (H-E) and Masson’s tri-chrome staining were performed on biopsies of the free walls of the right and left ventricles and interventricular septa of the original hearts to determine the characteristic distribution of cardiac lesions and the composition of infiltrating immune cells. A multiplex immunohistochemistry and multispectral imaging analysis were applied to further classify the specific types of inflammatory immune cells. Results: Inflammation found in a descending frequency gradually from the epicardium to the endocardium in the free wall of the left ventricle, but concentrated on the surface of right ventricular septum. Typical inflammatory infiltration and pathological changes were observed in the right-sided ventricular septum samples from all 8 patients. Numerous inflammatory immune cells, particularly CD4 + T cells, were detected in the lesion, which surrounded the emerging multinucleated giant cells. CD8 + T cells and a small number of regulatory T cells were scattered in the periphery. Conclusions: In GCM, cardiac lesions appear to concentrate particularly beneath the epicardium of the left ventricular free wall and the right side of the ventricular septum. These findings provide a rationale for the diagnostic use of conventional endocardial biopsy. The findings further suggest that myocardial injury is mediated by a variety of lymphocytes, especially CD4 + T cells.

Osseoinduction Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite and Zinc Containing Hydroxyapatite Granules in Rabbits

2011 ◽  
Vol 493-494 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nascimento ◽  
M. Medeiros ◽  
J. Calasans-Maia ◽  
A. Alves ◽  
Antonella M. Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Ethics Commission

This study investigated the osteoinductive potential of granules of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA) and 0.5% zinc containing hydroxyapatite (ZnHA) in intramuscular (IM) site of rabbit’s abdomen. The biomaterials were both used in granular form, with 75% porosity and particle diameter between 450 and 500μm, sintered at 1100°C. Both materials performed adequately on a multiparametric in vitro cytocompatibility assay, indicating their suitability for in vivo testing. After approval by the Ethics Commission on Teaching and Research in Animals, fifteen rabbits were submitted to general anesthesia, incision and tissue dilatation, and a small site was created for HA (right incision) and ZnHA (left incision) intramuscular implantation. The animals were killed after 2, 4 and 12 weeks for biomaterials and surrounding tissues removal. Histological analysis after 2 weeks revealed the presence of granulation tissue surrounding biomaterials with multinucleated giant cells and no newly formed bone for both materials. After 4 weeks there was fibrous tissue involving the material and few inflammatory cells. Following 12 weeks it was observed the presence of connective tissue surrounding the biomaterial, cellularized enough for the two experimental groups, but it was not observed the presence of bone matrix associated with the biomaterials. We conclude that both biomaterials are cytocompatible and did not present the property of osseoinduction after 12 weeks of implantation.

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