Improvement of Compressive Strength of Soil by Using Jute Fiber Waste

To attain the desirable strength of soil, soil reinforcement has been playing a pivotal role for many decades. Although there are many well-established methods to reinforce the soil, but now-a-days people are looking for low-cost reinforcing materials. In Bangladesh jute waste is not being used effectively, although jute production is quite good in amount. From this point of view in this study, jute fiber is selected as reinforcing material and focused on improvement of compressive strength of soil. Varying proportions of Jute fiber as 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% have been mixed with dry soil to make the samples to be tested. The result indicated that the sample prepared with 3% of jute fiber gives the highest value in Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test and adding more than 3% of jute fiber tends to decrease the UCS value. As this study has been done keeping in mind about the embankment construction process in the coastal zones of Bangladesh, where grass turfing is done to protect soil from erosion and inorganic fertilizer is used to grow up the grass which has long-term effect on the environment. On the other hand, jute is 100% biodegradable, when it comes to contact of moist soil, after a certain period it acts as the natural fertilizer that helps to grow up the grass and make the root of grass stronger to hold the soil.

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Effect of Incorporating Nanoporous Metal Phosphate Materials on the Compressive Strength of Portland Cement

Research Letters in Materials Science ◽

10.1155/2008/238736 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Dawn M. Wellman ◽

Kent E. Parker ◽

Shas V. Mattigod ◽

Glen E. Fryxell

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Low Cost ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Metal Phosphate ◽

Waste Streams ◽

Nanoporous Metal ◽

Additional Water ◽

Cadmium And Lead ◽

Cement Formulation

Nanoporous metal phosphate (NP-MPO) materials are being developed for removal of contaminant oxyanions (As(OH), , and ), and cations (mercury, cadmium, and lead) from water and waste streams. Following sequestration, incorporation of metal laden NP-MPOs as a portion of cement formulation would provide an efficient and low-cost way to immobilize metal laden NP-MPOs in an easily handled waste form suitable for permanent disposal. There are no known investigations regarding the incorporation of NP-MPOs in concrete and the effects imparted on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. Results of this investigation demonstrated that incorporating of NP-MPO materials requires additional water in the concrete formulation which decreases the compressive strength. Thus, incorporation of NP-MPOs in concrete may not serve as an efficient means for long-term disposal.

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Optical Response Analysis at Various Pb2+ Concentration by Using Fiber Optic Displacement Sensor

Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology ◽

10.33102/mjosht.v7i1.157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

Nurul Syafiqah Hirman ◽

Nur Athirah Mohd Taib

Keyword(s):

Fiber Optic ◽

Low Cost ◽

Optical Response ◽

Displacement Sensor ◽

Response Analysis ◽

Response Curves ◽

Tension Parameter ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Second Peak

A simple and low-cost Fiber Optic Displacement Sensor (FODS) using reflective intensity modulation technique was developed to analyze various concentrations of Pb2+, a compound classified under heavy metal ions. Lead is harmful to the environment including to human but is used in the cosmetic field for beauty without realizing and considering the hazardousness of lead as it would cause a long-term effect. Therefore, a feasible way has been identified in this study to demonstrate the level of Pb2+ concentration in cosmetics field by employing the theory of modulation of intensity as a function of displacement sensor. The permissible limit according to Malaysian Cosmetics Guidelines and ASEAN Cosmetic Directive was 20 ppm. The concentration sensor’s system exhibits 0.0018 V/ppm sensitivity with a linearity of 96% and 94% respectively, for both peaks. Meanwhile, the sensitivity was 0.034 V/ppm for the first peak and 27.72 V/ppm for the second peak, with slope linearity of more than 96% for surface tension parameter. The credibility of these optical response curves data might be useful, especially in the cosmetic’s industrial application.

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Possibility of Usage of Seawater for Mixing and Curing of Concrete in Salty Water Localities

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2020/v19i317234 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 19-27

Author(s):

E. I. Ogunjiofor

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Concrete Structures ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Salty Water ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Adequate Design

Aims: This study examines the possibility of using seawater as an alternative to freshwater in concrete mixing and curing in areas prone to saltwater. The study was as a result of shortage and scarcity of Freshwater in some parts of the world; mostly in the coastal areas, where seawater is the only source of water. Place and Duration of Study: Seawater was obtained from Port Harcourt Tourist beach, River State, Nigeria was used to mix and cure a set of concrete cubes (CSW). And freshwater obtained from our Civil Engineering laboratory was used to mix and cure another set of concrete cubes (CFW) that serves as a control. The maximum days of curing were 28days. Methodology: Concrete cubes of 150x150x150mm3 were produced and cured with sea and freshwater respectively. The compressive strength of those cubes were determined using Compression Testing Machine. The studied variable was only water used for mixing and curing of the concrete cubes. Other constituents of the concrete: cement, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate were kept constant. Results: It was found that the compressive strengths of concrete cubes mixed and cured with seawater at 7, 14, 21 and 28days were within the acceptable limits and a bit higher than those of cubes mixed and cured with fresh water. The variation in compressive strength of CSW and CFW at the 28th day of curing was just 1.45%. Hence, the seawater didn’t affect the compressive strength. Conclusion: With the little variation in compressive strength between the CSW and CFW at the 28th day of curing; it is recommended that seawater can possibly be used for concrete mixing and curing in areas where freshwater is not available; provided that the concrete is kept inherently dry to prevent corrosion. In addition, higher concrete covers can be provided when designing the concrete structures. Meanwhile, careful and adequate design, well-supervised construction, and curing should be ensured to improve the ingress resistance of the concrete structures. However, the long-term effect of the seawater on the properties of concrete and reinforcements were not investigated.

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Internal Migration in Early Aragon: The Settlers from Ena and Baón

Traditio ◽

10.1017/s0362152900003895 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 131-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lynn H. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Internal Migration ◽

Term Effect ◽

Point Of View ◽

Spanish Society ◽

Long Run ◽

Complex Process ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

The Military ◽

Christian Society

The Spanish reconquest was a complex process, consisting of at least two aspects, the military seizure of Muslim territory and the occupation of that land. Although many historians prefer to regard only the military actions as constituting the Reconquista proper, it is possible that the process of resettlement exerted the greater long-term effect on Spanish society. From this point of view the reconquest can be seen as a centuries-long process of internal migration, in which the Christians continually pressed into the depopulated zones that the Muslims vainly attempted to maintain along their frontiers. Military successes or reversals could temporarily accelerate or arrest the process, but the constant tendency of at least some elements of Christian society to seek their fortune along the frontier was a force which the Muslims were unable in the long run to resist.

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