Use of Gamma Ray Back Scattering Method for Corrosion Assessment in Insulated Pipes

2018 ◽  
Vol 786 ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Elhoushy ◽  
Mohamed H. Hassan ◽  
Abdelfattah Y. Soliman ◽  
Mohsen A. Abou Mandour
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wall Thinning ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Corrosion Assessment ◽  
Mcnp5 Code ◽  
Non Destructive

Corrosion of insulated pipes is a major problem in nuclear,petrochemical and other industries.This type of corrosion is difficult to measure by the available techniques of ultrasound and transmission gamma or x-ray radiography due to the presence of insulating material and limited accessibility to both sides. Gamma-ray backscattering technique is a non-contactmethod and is highly suitable for buried insulated pipes where access is limited to one side only.In the present work, MCNP5 code was used to simulate a case where pipe corrosion (i.e., wall thinning) was measured by gamma backscattered technique. A steel pipe is bombarded by collimated gamma ray beam of 1 cm diameter from an 8 mCi137Cs source. The pipehad different wall thicknesses and was wrapped with a commercially available insulator. Upon interaction with the pipe wall, a 2x2 cm NaI (Tl) scintillation detector was used to measure the scattered radiation due to Compton scattering. The codewas used to evaluate the sensitivity of the device to predict pipe wall thinning as an indication for pipe corrosion. Then, parametric analysis was done to investigate the effects of pipe diameter, insulator thickness, source collimator diameter, source shield thickness as well as the thickness of the shied between the source and the detector on the device response. Effect of empty vs. water-filled pipes on the device response was also investigated. Results indicate that Gamma-ray backscattering technique can be used successfully as a non-destructive test for measuring wall thinning of insulated pipes as an indication of their corrosion.

Defect Identification and Classification for Digital X-Ray Images

2007 ◽  
Vol 10-12 ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yin ◽  
G.Y. Tian ◽  
Guo Fu Yin ◽  
A.M. Luo
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Security Screening ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Feature Extraction And Selection ◽  
Defect Image ◽  
Welding Defect ◽  
Non Destructive

Radiography inspection (X-ray or gamma ray) is one of the most commonly used Non-destructive Evaluation (NDE) methods. More and more digital X-ray imaging is used for medical diagnosis, security screening, or industrial inspection, which is important for e-manufacturing. In this paper, we firstly introduced an automatic welding defect inspection system for X-ray image evaluation, defect image database and applications of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for NDE. Then, feature extraction and selection methods are used for defect representation. Seven categories of geometric features were defined and selected to represent characteristics of different kinds of welding defect. Finally, a feed-forward backpropagation neural network is implemented for the purpose of defect classification. The performance of the proposed methods are tested and discussed.

scholarly journals Method of non-destructive control of thickness and internal defectivity of the walls of metal pipe

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
S. A. Zolotarev ◽  
P. S. Savenia ◽  
K. A. Zhukov ◽  
M. A. Sednina
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Blurred Images ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Made In

The possibility of an accurate estimation of the pipe wall thickness measured directly from the reconstructed image of the pipe, reconstructed from only a few X-ray projections made in a limited viewing angle, is discussed. Since the effects of radiation scattering and X-ray beam hardening distort up to 50 % of the primary radiation, ignoring these effects leads to blurred images, strong artifacts, and inaccurate sizing. A computerized technique has been developed that takes into account the contribution of scattered radiation and the hardening of the X-ray beam. Iterative Bayesian reconstruction techniques are then used to reconstruct the pipe image using the volumetric and surface-oriented representation of the pipe. Using these methods, the error in estimating the pipe wall thickness can be increased to 300 microns.

scholarly journals The effect of the diameter of the detector collimator on saturation thickness in gamma scattering measurement

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (T3) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Chuong Dinh Huynh ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Vo ◽  
Trang Thi Ngoc Le ◽  
Linh Thi Truc Nguyen ◽  
Tuyet Kim Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Target Thickness ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Saturation Thickness ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Scattering Measurement

The effect of the diameter of the detector collimator on the saturation thickness in gamma-scattering measurements is studied using the spectrum of singly scattering. Geometric arrangement of gamma-scattering measurement includes: a gamma-ray collimated beam with the energy of 662 keV emitted from 137Cs source is irradiated on a rectangular aluminium target with incident angle of 90o, and detector NaI(Tl) 5.1cmx5.1cm with collimator is used to record the scatterd gamma rays at scattered angle of 120°. The experimental measurements are carried out to obtain scattered spectra with various target thickness and diameter of detector collimator. The profile of the singly scattering and multiply scattering in the scattered spectra are determined by a spectrum processing technique based on the least squares fitting. The experimental results showed that the saturation thickness of the counts of singly scattering increases with increasing the window diameter of the detector collimator. These results will support for the non-destructive testing research of application of gamma-scattering method to determine the thickness or the defect of the sample.

scholarly journals Historical glass mosaic tesserae: a multi-analytical approach for their characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Marcucci ◽  
Antonella Scherillo ◽  
Carlo Cazzaniga ◽  
Quentin Lemasson ◽  
Roberto Lorenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Neutron Resonance ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis ◽  
Mineralogical Phases

AbstractWe present a completely non-destructive approach to analyse a set of historical glass mosaic tesserae. Aim of the study is to obtain a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the glass matrix in terms of elements and mineralogical phases. Several non-destructive techniques have been applied like Particle-Induced X-ray Emission, Particle-Induced Gamma-ray Emission, micro-Raman spectroscopy, neutron resonance capture analysis and neutron activation analysis in order to combine different technique strengths and to explore the effect of different range sizes for the analysis. Yet, best practices require the use of combined analysis and different skills. The paradigm of a non-destructive multi-analytical approach is suggested for a comprehensive investigation in non-homogeneous real samples, like historical glass mosaic tesserae.

Development of High Resolution X-Ray CT Technique for Highly-Radioactive Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozo Katsuyama ◽  
Akihiro Ishimi ◽  
Koji Maeda ◽  
Tsuyoshi Nagamine ◽  
Takeo Asaga
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Assembly ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Irradiated Fuel

ABSTRACTIn order to observe the structural change in the interior of irradiated fuel assembly, the non-destructive post irradiation examination technique using X-ray computer tomography (X-ray CT) was developed.In this X-ray CT system, the 12 MeV X-ray pulses were used in synchronization with the switch-in of the detector in order to minimize the effects of the gamma ray emissions from the irradiated fuel assembly then clear cross section CT image of irradiated fuel assembly could be successfully obtained. Also, this non-destructive technique can be applied to observe the inner condition of the high radioactive materials such as a radioactive waste.

scholarly journals CONDUCTING DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF INDUSTRIAL AMMUNITION AND INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVE DEVICES USING NON-DESTRUCTIVE RESEARCH METHODS

2021 ◽  
pp. 919-932
Author(s):  
S. Lutsenko ◽  
O. Vysikan ◽  
H. Kapustiuk ◽  
V. Draliuk
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Improvised Explosive Devices ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diagnostic Studies ◽  
Improvised Explosive ◽  
Explosive Devices ◽  
Non Destructive

The article deals with the possibilities of digital radiography when conducting diagnostic studies of industrial ammunition and improvised explosive devices during forensic explosive examinations. It is indicated that when conducting diagnostic studies of industrial-made ammunition and improvised explosive devices, there is a possibility of an abnormal operation (explosion) of the ammunition (a high level of danger to the life and health of experts). Therefore, in order to solve diagnostic problems in forensic explosive technical examinations, modern research methods are used, one of which is the non-destructive method. It is indicated that of the available non-destructive methods, the methods of X-ray and gamma-ray transmission have the greatest clarity and objectivity. It can be concluded that the most widespread method for diagnostic studies of industrial ammunition and improvised explosive devices is the method of X-ray transmission from the listed capabilities and characteristics of these methods. The X-ray examination is a non-destructive method of diagnosing research objects using digital radiography. There are listed main tasks of X-ray studies of explosive devices. Further, in the article are presented the possibilities and results of X-ray studies of industrial-made ammunition carried out by experts from the Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine using an X-ray television introscope Go-Scan, manufactured by Teledyne ICM (Belgium). From the results of the analysis of the capabilities of digital radiography during diagnostic studies of industrial-made ammunition and improvised explosive devices, it is concluded that digital radiography makes it possible to determine the internal design of explosive devices without dismantling its, its condition, a possible principle of activation, obtain objective quantitative data, document the obtained in the course of research data, and the addition of additional channels of information makes it possible to significantly expand the amount of information received, to make it more visual, accessible for comparative research, to obtain parametric indicators, which, in turn, improves the quality of diagnostic studies of explosive devices. In addition, a serious advantage of the X-ray method is the ability to conduct research at the location of ammunition and improvised explosive devices or in laboratory conditions without dismantling its, which allows to preserve the research object for its further or re-examination, as well as providing it in the future in the courtroom as physical evidence.

FLASH X-RAY DEVICES FOR PUMPING NUCLEAR MATERIALS DEVELOPED IN THE GAMMA-RAY LASER PROGRAM AT TEXAS

1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (C9) ◽  
pp. C9-367-C9-370
Author(s):  
C. B. COLLINS ◽  
F. DAVANLOO ◽  
T. S. BOWEN ◽  
J. J. COOGAN
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
X Ray
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