Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Dyes by Adsorption onto Activated Carbons – A Comparative Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
pp. 165-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Xavier ◽  
D. Usha ◽  
J. Gandhi Rajan ◽  
M. Malarvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order

Malachite Green is an organic compound that is used as a dyestuff for the materials like silk, leather and paper. As a part of removal of malachite green dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage of malachite green adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbent. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The first order kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and MG is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the MG. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM photos.

Dynamic Study of Adsorption for the Removal of Bismark Brown – Using Activated Carbons

2011 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
A. Xavier ◽  
R Sathya ◽  
J. Gandhi Rajan ◽  
R. Nagarathnam
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion

Many industries use dyes and pigments to colorize their products. Large amount different types of dyes enter in to the environment. These dyes are invariably left in the industrial wastes. As a part of removal of Bismark Brown dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage removal of Bismark-Brown adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbent. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The first kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra-particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and Bismark-brown (BB) is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the BB. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM analyze.

Removal of Methylene Blue by Adsorption Process - A Comparative Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 245-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Xavier ◽  
J. Gandhi Rajan ◽  
D. Usha ◽  
R Sathya
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Molecular Formula

Methylene blue is a heterocyclic aromatic chemical compound with the molecular formula C16H18N3SCl. It has used in the biology and chemistry field. At room temperature, it appears as a solid, odourless dark green powder that yields blue solution when dissolved in water. As a part of removal of methylene blue dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage of Methylene blue adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbents. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data the modeled with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The first kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and MB is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the MB. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM photos.

scholarly journals Removal of Basic Orange 2 dye and Ni2+ from aqueous solutions using alkaline-modified nanoclay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Geroeeyan ◽  
Ali Niazi ◽  
Elaheh Konoz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Diffusion Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract In the present research, the removal of Basic Orange 2 (BO2) dye using alkaline-modified clay nanoparticles was studied. To characterize the adsorbent, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, BET and BJH analyses were performed. The effect of the variables influencing the dye adsorption process such as adsorbent dose, contact time, pH, stirring rate, temperature, and initial dye concentration was investigated. Furthermore, the high efficiency of Ni2+ removal indicated that it is possible to remove both dye and metal cation under the same optimum conditions. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Fitting the experimental data to Langmuir isotherm indicated that the monolayer adsorption of dye occurred at homogeneous sites. Experimental data were also analyzed with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion kinetic equations for kinetic modeling of the dye removal process. The adsorption results indicated that the process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters of the dye adsorption process such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy changes were calculated and revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The results presented the high potential of the modified nanoclay as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of BO2 dye and Ni2+ from aqueous medium.

scholarly journals Removal of Lead(II) Ions by Adsorption ontoBamboo Dust and Commercial Activated Carbons -A Comparative Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kannan ◽  
T. Veemaraj
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Percentage Removal

Studies on the removal of lead(II) ions by adsorption onto indigenously prepared bamboo dust carbon (BDC) and commercial activated carbon (CAC) have been carried out with an aim to obtain data for treating effluents from metal processing and metal finishing industries. Effect of various process parameters has been investigated by following the batch adsorption technique at 30±1°C. Percentage removal of lead(II) ions increased with the decrease in initial concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of adsorbent. Amount of lead(II) ions adsorbed increases with the decrease in particle size of the adsorbent. As initial pH of the slurry increased, the percentage removal increased, reached a maximum and the final solution pH after adsorption decreases. Adsorption data were modeled with the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, the first order kinetic equations proposed by Natarajan – Khalaf, Lagergren and Bhattacharya and Venkobachar and intra- particle diffusion model and the models were found to be applicable. Kinetics of adsorption is observed to be first order with intra-particle diffusion as one of the rate determining steps. Removal of lead(II) ions by bamboo dust carbon (BDC) is found to be favourable and hence BDC could be employed as an alternative adsorbent to commercial activated carbon (CAC) for effluent treatment, especially for the removal of lead(II) ions

scholarly journals Reactive Blue 203 dye Removal Using Biosorbent: A Study of Isotherms, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Marzieh Bagheri ◽  
Mohammad Nasiri ◽  
Bahareh Bahrami
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Pine Cone ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Maximum Removal

Nowadays, due to increasing usage of dye in various industries and its destructive effects on health and environment, it is necessary to remove dyes from industrial wastes. Although few studies can be found on using pine cone for removal of different dyes, it has not been used yet to remove Reactive Blue 203 (RB203) dye. The purpose of this study is to investigate RB203 dye adsorption using activated carbon produced from pine cone. Optimal values of influencing factors for RB203 dye removal were obtained. The results showed that the maximum removal was occurred at a pH of 2, temperature of 30˚C, dye concentration of 30 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 100 mg/L, and contact time of 15 min. The maximum removal percentage was 98.48%. In order to study the synthesized activated carbon, some characterization methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) have been used. Investigation of adsorption isotherm models revealed that adsorption of RB203dye can be described through D-R and Temkin isotherm models. Additionally, RB203 dye removal follows the pseudo-firstorder kinetic equation.

scholarly journals A Study of The Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics of Malachite Green Dye Adsorption Onto Lignin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vani Gandham ◽  
UMA Addepally ◽  
Bala Narsaiah T
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

Abstract Malachite Green (MG), a cationic synthetic dye is considered hazardous when discharged into the water bodies without any adequate treatment. It can affect the multiple segments of the environment leading to irreversible persistent changes. So, there is a need for remediation with cost-effective method to remove dyes from effluents. Adsorption is one such technique to remove dyes from wastewater and is effective and economical. The present study describes the removal of MG cationic dye from wastewater using eco-friendly and biodegradable lignin extracted from hydrothermally treated rice straw by adsorption process. Functional group analysis and morphological characterisation was done to the extracted lignin after quantification. The maximum percent removal of MG 92 ± 0.2 % was observed from a series of batch experiments at optimum process parameters of: contact time 80 min, initial dye concentration 50 ppm, lignin dosage 0.25g, pH 7, temperature 300c and with 100 rpm agitation speed. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were determined for the experimental data using four kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, second order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion model) and two isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich). The results suggested that the kinetics data fit to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with the maximum adsorption capacity 36.7 mg/g and the two isotherm models were applicable for the adsorption of MG onto the lignin. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters ΔSo, ΔHo and ΔGo were evaluated. Therefore, lignin which is an environmental friendly and low cost carbon material that can be used as an adsorbent for dye removal.

Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions by Perlite

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Govindasamy ◽  
Renganathan Sahadevan ◽  
Sivanesan Subramanian ◽  
Dharmendira Kumar Mahendradas
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms

Perlite was utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green from their aqueous solution. The effects of the initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature were studied for the adsorption of malachite green in batch mode. The dye adsorption equilibrium was rapidly attained after 40 min of contact time. Adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm described the adsorption data over the concentration range (20 – 100 mg/L). The rate parameters of the intra particle diffusion were calculated and compared to identify the adsorption mechanisms. The thermodynamic parameters such as entropy change, enthalpy change, and energy of adsorption were calculated to know the nature of adsorption. The negative values of energy of adsorption and the positive values of enthalpy change suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process obeyed the pseudo first-order kinetic model.

Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of malachite green by vanadium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Khezami ◽  
Kamal K. Taha ◽  
Imed Ghiloufi ◽  
Lassaad El Mir
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
First Order ◽  
Degradation Data ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Herein the degradation of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous medium by vanadium doped zinc oxide (ZnO:V3%) nanopowder was investigated. The specific surface area and pore volume of the nanopowder was characterized by nitrogen adsorption method. Batch experimental procedures were conducted to investigate the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of MG dye. Adsorption kinetics investigations were performed by varying the amount of the catalyst and the initial dye concentrations. Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation data were modeled using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic equation. The results showed that the ZnO:V3% nanopowder was particularly effective for the removal of MG and data were found to comply with Lagergreen pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Adsorption of Mn(II) from Aqueous Solutions on Various Activated Carbons

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Emmanuel ◽  
A. Veerabhadra Rao
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ipomea Batatas ◽  
Initial Ph

The adsorption of Mn(II) on indigenously prepared activated carbons (IPAC) fromBombax malabaricum,Pithecelobium dulse,Ipomea batatasandPeltaforum ferraginiumhave been studied. The effects of various experimental parameters have been investigated using batch adsorption technique. The extent of Mn(II) removal increased with decrease in initial concentration of the Mn(II), particle size of the adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, amount of adsorbent used and the initial pH of the solution. Adsorption data were modeled using Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms and first order kinetic equations. The kinetics of adsorption was found to be first order with regard to intra-particle diffusion rate. The results indicate that such carbons could be employed as low cost adsorbents in waste water treatment for the removal of Mn(II).

scholarly journals Biosorption of Malachite Green by Dry Cells of Isolated Free Living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.M. Mawad ◽  
H. Albasri ◽  
H. A. Temerk
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing

Contamination of water with Malachite green (MG) may threaten aquatic and human life. Nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter sp. is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of MG from dye solutions. The optimum pH for the biosorption process was determined. The maximum adsorption capacity and the effect of different adsorbate concentrations were detected. The kinetics and isotherm models for biosorption were constructed. Optimum adsorption of MG by Azotobacter sp. was obtained at pH 6.0, biomass concentration was 0.05%, initial dye concentration was 50 mg.L-1, and contact time was 600 mins. Dye adsorption exhibited an increase with contact time and initial malachite green concentration. The kinetics of the adsorption process was best followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which confirms the chemisorption process. The adsorption equilibrium data fit well to the Langmuir model indicating a monolayer adsorption behavior onto a surface of Azotobacter sp. with a finite number of active sites. Maximum biosorption capacity was found to be 142.8 mg.g-1 of bacterial biomass. The dry biomass of Azotobacter sp. has proved to be an efficient biosorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes from actual industrial effluent that is contaminated with up to 400 mg.L-1 dye concentration.

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