Biosorption of Malachite Green by Dry Cells of Isolated Free Living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

Contamination of water with Malachite green (MG) may threaten aquatic and human life. Nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter sp. is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of MG from dye solutions. The optimum pH for the biosorption process was determined. The maximum adsorption capacity and the effect of different adsorbate concentrations were detected. The kinetics and isotherm models for biosorption were constructed. Optimum adsorption of MG by Azotobacter sp. was obtained at pH 6.0, biomass concentration was 0.05%, initial dye concentration was 50 mg.L-1, and contact time was 600 mins. Dye adsorption exhibited an increase with contact time and initial malachite green concentration. The kinetics of the adsorption process was best followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which confirms the chemisorption process. The adsorption equilibrium data fit well to the Langmuir model indicating a monolayer adsorption behavior onto a surface of Azotobacter sp. with a finite number of active sites. Maximum biosorption capacity was found to be 142.8 mg.g-1 of bacterial biomass. The dry biomass of Azotobacter sp. has proved to be an efficient biosorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes from actual industrial effluent that is contaminated with up to 400 mg.L-1 dye concentration.

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A Study of The Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics of Malachite Green Dye Adsorption Onto Lignin

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1009760/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vani Gandham ◽

UMA Addepally ◽

Bala Narsaiah T

Keyword(s):

Malachite Green ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Second Order ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Adequate Treatment ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Kinetics And Isotherms

Abstract Malachite Green (MG), a cationic synthetic dye is considered hazardous when discharged into the water bodies without any adequate treatment. It can affect the multiple segments of the environment leading to irreversible persistent changes. So, there is a need for remediation with cost-effective method to remove dyes from effluents. Adsorption is one such technique to remove dyes from wastewater and is effective and economical. The present study describes the removal of MG cationic dye from wastewater using eco-friendly and biodegradable lignin extracted from hydrothermally treated rice straw by adsorption process. Functional group analysis and morphological characterisation was done to the extracted lignin after quantification. The maximum percent removal of MG 92 ± 0.2 % was observed from a series of batch experiments at optimum process parameters of: contact time 80 min, initial dye concentration 50 ppm, lignin dosage 0.25g, pH 7, temperature 300c and with 100 rpm agitation speed. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were determined for the experimental data using four kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, second order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion model) and two isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich). The results suggested that the kinetics data fit to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with the maximum adsorption capacity 36.7 mg/g and the two isotherm models were applicable for the adsorption of MG onto the lignin. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters ΔSo, ΔHo and ΔGo were evaluated. Therefore, lignin which is an environmental friendly and low cost carbon material that can be used as an adsorbent for dye removal.

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REACTIVE AZO DYE ADSORPTION USING ZEOLITIC MATERIAL: CONTACT TIME, pH, TEMPERATURE AND EFFECT OF SALTS

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v9.n17.2011.48_periodico17_pgs_48_59.pdf ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 09 (17) ◽

pp. 48-59

Author(s):

Carina Pitwak MAGDALENA ◽

Denise Alves FUNGARO ◽

Patricia CUNICO

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Coal Ash ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Reactive Dye ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Synthetic Dyes

Textile effluents, when not correctly treated, cause a high impact to the environment. The synthetic dyes are used in the fibber dying process, but part of them is discarded to receiving water body. The adsorption is a technique that has been used successfully for an effective removal of color. In this work, the adsorption of reactive dye Remazol Red RB from aqueous solution using zeolite of coal ash as low cost adsorbent was studied. The zeolite was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment with NaOH solution. The effect of experimental parameters such as contact time, pH, temperature and adding salt was investigated. The kinetics studies indicated that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order model with correlation coefficients > 0.99. The equilibrium was reached after 360 min of contact time. The experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of zeolite of coal ash for Remazol Vermelho RB was 1.20 mg g-1 with adsorption efficiency between 75 and 91%. The dye adsorption was more efficient in the presence of salts.

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High performance adsorption of hazardous triphenylmethane dye-crystal violet onto calcinated waste mussel shells

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2019.050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 249-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sahra Dandil ◽

Deniz Akin Sahbaz ◽

Caglayan Acikgoz

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Contact Time ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Synthetic Dyes ◽

Human Beings ◽

Triphenylmethane Dye ◽

Adsorbent Dosage ◽

Kinetics And Isotherms

Abstract Synthetic dyes are harmful to human beings, and the removal of colour from process or waste effluents is environmentally important. Crystal violet (CV) is a typical triphenylmethane dye, which is widely used in textile dyeing and paper printing industries. The present study shows that granulated and calcinated waste mussell shells (CWMS) can be used as a potential low-cost and locally available adsorbent for the removal of CV from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacities of the CWMS for CV were investigated with respect to the effect of pH value, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature. Process variables were optimized, and a maximum dye adsorption of 482.0 mg/g was achieved at pH 6, 0.2 g/L adsorbent dosage, 220 min contact time and 25 °C for dye initial concentration of 100 mg/L. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were followed by the pseudo-second order model and Freundlich isotherm models, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that adsorption of CV was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The results indicated that the CWMS as a new adsorbent had the potential to serve in wastewater treatment applications, especially in the removal of CV from aqueous solutions.

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Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions by Perlite

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.2202/1542-6580.1889 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vijayakumar Govindasamy ◽

Renganathan Sahadevan ◽

Sivanesan Subramanian ◽

Dharmendira Kumar Mahendradas

Keyword(s):

Malachite Green ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Enthalpy Change ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Batch Mode ◽

Adsorption Mechanisms

Perlite was utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green from their aqueous solution. The effects of the initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature were studied for the adsorption of malachite green in batch mode. The dye adsorption equilibrium was rapidly attained after 40 min of contact time. Adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm described the adsorption data over the concentration range (20 100 mg/L). The rate parameters of the intra particle diffusion were calculated and compared to identify the adsorption mechanisms. The thermodynamic parameters such as entropy change, enthalpy change, and energy of adsorption were calculated to know the nature of adsorption. The negative values of energy of adsorption and the positive values of enthalpy change suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process obeyed the pseudo first-order kinetic model.

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Parametric and adsorption kinetic studies of methylene blue removal from simulated textile water using durian (Durio zibethinus murray) skin

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.247 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (6) ◽

pp. 896-907 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

S. M. Anisuzzaman ◽

Collin G. Joseph ◽

D. Krishnaiah ◽

A. Bono ◽

L. C. Ooi

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Durio Zibethinus

In this study, durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) skin was examined for its ability to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from simulated textile wastewater. Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of MB removal from aqueous solutions at different parametric conditions such as different initial concentrations (2–10 mg/L), biosorbent dosages (0.3–0.7 g) and pH solution (4–9) onto durian skin were studied using batch adsorption. The amount of MB adsorbed increased from 3.45 to 17.31 mg/g with the increase in initial concentration of MB dye; whereas biosorbent dosage increased from 1.08 to 2.47 mg/g. Maximum dye adsorption capacity of the durian skin was found to increase from 3.78 to 6.40 mg/g, with increasing solution pH. Equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed according to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The sorption equilibrium was best described by the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 7.23 mg/g and this was due to the heterogeneous nature of the durian skin surface. Kinetic studies indicated that the sorption of MB dye tended to follow the pseudo second-order kinetic model with promising correlation of 0.9836 < R2 < 0.9918.

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Adsorption, Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of the Removal of Methyl Violet from Aqueous Solution Using White Potato Peel Powder

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.80.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 ◽

pp. 17-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Conrad Kenechukwu Enenebeaku ◽

Ikechukwu C. Ukaga ◽

Nnaemeka John Okorocha ◽

Benedict Ikenna Onyeachu

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Contact Time ◽

Methyl Violet ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Potato Peel ◽

White Potato

The adsorption of methyl violet (MV) dye onto white potato Peel powder from aqueous solution was investigated by analyzing the operational parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, PH and temperature to observe their effects in the dye adsorption process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of MV onto the adsorbent (WPPP) was found to be contact time (120 mins), PH (10.0) and temperature (303K) for an initial MV dye concentration of 50mg/l and adsorbent dose of 1.0g. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data of the (MV) dye fitted best and well to the freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 17.13mg/g for the adsorption of MV. The kinetic data conforms to the pseudo – second order kinetic model.

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Adsorptive Removal of Malachite Green Dye onto Coal-Associated Soil and Conditions Optimization

Adsorption Science & Technology ◽

10.1155/2021/5545683 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

T. R. Sundararaman ◽

A. Saravanan ◽

P. Senthil Kumar ◽

M. Millicent Mabel ◽

R. V. Hemavathy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malachite Green ◽

Nonlinear Models ◽

Water Environment ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Best Fit

The present research was investigated to eliminate the cationic dye (malachite green (MG)) from the water environment using coal-associated soil. The adsorbent material was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) analyses. Batch experiments were performed to investigate the different factors which affect the adsorption study. The maximum percentage removal of MG dye was attained as follows: adsorbent dose of 1.0 g/L (0.2 to 1.6 g/L), solution pH of 6.0 (2.0 to 9.0), temperature of 30°C (30 to 60°C), time contact of 60min (10 to 90 min), and dye’s concentration of 25 mg/L (25 to 150 mg/L). The adsorption isotherm was studied with four different isotherm models and results showed that the Freundlich isotherm model gave the best fit than the other nonlinear models to designate the isotherm behaviours with R 2 value of 0.9568, and the maximum adsorption capacity of coal-associated soil for MG dye adsorption is 89.97 mg/g. The evaluation of kinetic studies was performed by using three different kinetic models, where it exposed that pseudofirst order providing the best fit with R 2 value of 0.96 (25 to 150 mg/L). The thermodynamic parameters Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), entropy (ΔS°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) were endorsing that the present adsorption system was exothermic. Thus, the experimental results state that coal-associated soil could be an alternative material for the exclusion of dyes from water.

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Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Dyes by Adsorption onto Activated Carbons – A Comparative Study

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.671.165 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 671 ◽

pp. 165-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Xavier ◽

D. Usha ◽

J. Gandhi Rajan ◽

M. Malarvizhi

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Malachite Green ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Kinetic Equations ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

First Order

Malachite Green is an organic compound that is used as a dyestuff for the materials like silk, leather and paper. As a part of removal of malachite green dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage of malachite green adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbent. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The first order kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and MG is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the MG. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM photos.

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Utilization of Agro-Waste in the Elimination of Dyes from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.86.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 11-23

Author(s):

Nnaemeka John Okorocha ◽

Chijioke E. Omaliko ◽

Collins C. Osuagwu ◽

Maureen O. Chijioke-Okere ◽

Conrad K. Enenebeaku

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Thermodynamic Quantities ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Maize Cob ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The prospective of maize cob powder (MCP) as an effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green (MG) and congo red (CR) dyes from aqueous solution was investigated. The presence of functional groups and pores on maize cob powder were confirmed by FTIR and SEM analysis. Batch adsorption studies were conducted and various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature were examined to observe their effects in the dyes adsorption process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of MG and CR onto the adsorbent (MCP) was found to be: contact time (60mins), pH (10.0) and temperature (303 K), adsorbent dose (1 g) for an initial MG dye concentration of 50 mg/L and contact time (80mins), pH (2.0) and temperature (343 K) for an initial CR dye concentration of 50 mg/L and adsorbent dose 1.0 g respectively. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data fitted best and well to the Freundlich isotherm model for CR dye adsorption and Langmuir Isotherm for MG adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 13.02 mg/g and 9.41 mg/g for the adsorption of MG and CR dyes respectively. The kinetic data conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic quantities such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) were evaluated and the negative values of ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 obtained indicated the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the MG adsorption process while positive enthalpy (ΔH0) indicated an endothermic nature of CR adsorption process.

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Cr6+ adsorption by modified vermiculite

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-1394 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Valeria Medoro ◽

Celia Marcos Pascual ◽

Giacomo Ferretti ◽

Giulio Galamini ◽

Massimo Coltorti

Keyword(s):

Earth Sciences ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Contact Time ◽

Second Order ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

X Ray ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Abstract: Cr6+ adsorption by modified vermiculite&#160;Valeria Medoro- University of Ferrara , Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, ItalyCelia Marcos Pascual-University of Oviedo, Department of Geology, SpainGiacomo Ferretti- University of Ferrara , Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, ItalyGiulio Galamini- University of Ferrara , Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, ItalyMassimo Coltorti- University of Ferrara , Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Italy&#160;This work aimed at investigating the adsorption of Cr6+&#160;in water by exfoliated vermiculite. The adsorbant tested in this experiment was a vermiculite (from China) which has been subjected to heating at 1000 &#176;C for 1 minute, resulting in an exfoliated vermiculite.Three effects were studied: 1) contact time; 2) initial concentracion of Cr6+; 3) adsorbent mass. Samples were analysed by X Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X Ray Diffraction (XRD) and the solutions with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantify the adsorbed Cr6+ by the vermiculite.Results from XRD diffraction showed a conversion of vermiculite into flogopite&#160; after heating at 1000&#176;C for 1 minute because of: 1) high content of potassium, 2) dehydration and 3) structural re-ordering; after the contact of vermiculite with Cr6+, the mineral structure did not change. The adsorption of Cr6+&#160;was studied by Langmuir, Freundlich and&#160;Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich&#160;(DKR) isotherm models. DKR model, indicative of a cooperative process, described adsorption equilibrium better than the other two models and the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was of 2.81 mol/g. Kinetic was studied using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models, with a better description of the process by pseudo-second order model with correlation coefficient almost unitary (R2=0.9984; other kinetic parameters were k2=0.0015 and the absorption initial rate of 0.2x10-8 mg g-1 h-1).&#160;The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of modified vermiculite adsorbents for the treatment of hexavalent chromium-contaminated waters and that its adsorption depends on the experimental conditions (such as contact time, initial concentracion of Cr6+ and adsorbent mass).

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