Synthesis of Hydrophobically Associating Polymers and the Application as Oil-Displacing Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 991 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Rong Jun Zhang ◽  
Jin Lin Zhao ◽  
Xiao Ke Wang ◽  
Zheng Peng Zhou ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Biological Stability ◽  
Molecular Weight Polymer ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Relative Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrophobically Associating ◽  
Associating Polymers

Polymer plays a function in dominating fluidity in poly-surfactant binary flooding. After optimization and screening, the polymer ought to encounter the demands of terrific water solubility, high-pitched relative molecular weight, substantial viscosifying capability, beneficial injection, good salt opposition of solution, nice biological stability, no pollution to reservoir and environment, wide source, easy transportation and low expense. In this paper, a series of laboratory examinations on high-efficiency composite that floods system for Chang 6 reservoir in Ansai oilfield will be implemented , concentrating on improving and dispensing the existent polymer formulation, and building low molecular weight polymer with colloidal morphology, in order to make it suitable for aim constitution.

8 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Polyquaternium-11

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 161-178 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Dermal Toxicity ◽  
Molecular Weight Polymer ◽  
Patch Tests ◽  
Skin Patch ◽  
Available Information

Polyquaternium-11 is a quaternized copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and di-methylamine ethylmethacrylate, and is used at concentrations up to 50% in a variety of hair care preparations. The acute oral LD50 in test animals of high molecular weight Polyqua-ternium-11 is estimated to be greater than 12.8 g/kg; the LD50 for the low molecular weight polymer is calculated to be 6.2 g/kg. At concentrations of up to 50% in water, the raw ingredient produced no signs of skin or eye irritation. There was no evidence of dermal toxicity in subchronic tests nor in a maximization test for sensitization. In clinical studies, 1 of 19 subjects showed slight skin irritation after a 24-hour single insult skin patch with 9.5% Polyquaternium-11 in water. Repeated insult patch tests at concentrations up to 50% produced no instances of skin sensitization and only isolated instances of transient skin irritation. Clinical photoreactivity studies on both low and high molecular weight polymers showed no evidence of phototoxicity or photoallergenicity. From the available information, it is concluded that Polyquaternium-11 is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use.

scholarly journals Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation of Olanzapine Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) Microspheres

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D’Souza ◽  
Jabar A. Faraj ◽  
Stefano Giovagnoli ◽  
Patrick P. DeLuca
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Multiple Dosing ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
High Molecular Weight Polymer ◽  
Molecular Weight Polymer ◽  
Steady State Levels

The aim of this study was to prepare injectable depot formulations of Olanzapine using four poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polymers of varying molecular weight and copolymer composition, and evaluate in vivo performance in rats. In vivo release profiles from the formulations were governed chiefly by polymer molecular weight and to a lesser extent, copolymer composition. Formulations A and B, manufactured using low molecular weight PLGA and administered at 10 mg/kg dose, released drug within 15 days. Formulation C, prepared from intermediate molecular weight PLGA and administered at 20 mg/kg dose, released drug in 30 days, while Formulation D, manufactured using a high molecular weight polymer and administered at 20 mg/kg dose, released drug in 45 days. A simulation of multiple dosing at 7- and 10-day intervals for Formulations A and B revealed that steady state was achieved within 7–21 days and 10–30 days, respectively. Similarly, simulations at 15-day intervals for Formulations C and D indicated that steady state levels were reached during days 15–45. Overall, steady state levels for 7-, 10-, or 15-day dosing ranged between 45 and 65 ng/mL for all the formulations, implying that Olanzapine PLGA microspheres can be tailored to treat patients with varying clinical needs.

Acid-labile poly(amino alcohol ortho ester) based on low molecular weight polyethyleneimine for gene delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Shengxiang Fu ◽  
Guoqing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Amino Alcohol ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Transfection Efficiency ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Ortho Ester ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Acid Labile

A series of acid-labile poly(amino alcohol ortho ester) (POEeis) were synthesized through ring-opening polymerization between diglycidyl ethers with ortho ester bonded and low molecular weight polyethyleneimine by various feed molar ratios. The obtain POEei 1 and POEei 2 exhibited clear kinetic of degradation and condensed plasmid DNA into nanoparticles of suitable sizes (250–300 nm) and positive zeta potentials (+20–30 mV) while protecting DNA from enzymatic digestion. Further, these polymers have uniform distribution of abundant hydroxyl groups, which could improve their water solubility, biocompatibility, and lower protein adsorption. Significantly, ortho ester groups in POEeis main-chains could hydrolyze rapidly at acidic endosomal pH, resulting in intracellular DNA release and diminished material toxicity. MTT assay revealed that all the polymers exhibited much lower cytotoxicity than 25 kDa PEI in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, the transfection efficiency of POEei 1 was higher than 25 kDa PEI in serum-free medium or 10% serum medium.

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