THE SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF SELECTED INSECTICIDES ON LIFE TABLE PARAMETERS OF PANONYCHUS CITRI (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent P. Jones ◽  
Michael P. Parrella
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Citrus Red Mite ◽  
Rough Lemon

AbstractPopulations of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), reared on “rough lemon” seedlings (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.) in a greenhouse and treated with malathion or permethrin were significantly higher than those on untreated seedlings. Significant increases were demonstrated in age-specific fecundity (mx), mortality corrected mx (lx mx), and net reproductive rate (Ro) values for mites reared in the laboratory on leaves treated with malathion or permethrin when compared with those reared on untreated leaves. Mites reared on oxamyl-treated leaves exhibited significant reductions in age-specific survivorship (% lx), mx, lxmx, and Ro values compared with those reared on untreated leaves. The importance of reproductive stimulation in relation to other causes of pest resurgence is discussed.

scholarly journals Demographic analysis of sublethal effects of spiromesifen on Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-580
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghadim Mollaloo ◽  
Katayoon Kheradmand ◽  
Reza Sadeghi ◽  
Ali Aasghar Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The sublethal effect of spiromesifen on life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was evaluated under laboratory conditions 25±1 °C, 65±5% RH and 16:8 (L:D) h. To take both sexes and the variable developmental rate among individuals into consideration, the raw data were analyzed based on the age stage, two sex life table. The estimated values of LC5, LC10 and LC15 for N. californicus are found to be 5.834, 9.529 and 13.267 ppm, respectively. The total preoviposition period of N. californicus treated with sublethal concentrations of spiromesifen was not significantly longer than for the control treatment. The minimum total fecundity was recorded for the LC15 concentration of spiromesifen (19.37 eggs/female) that was significantly different to the LC5 and control treatments. Compared with the control, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0) and gross reproduction rates (GRR) of mites treated by the dose of the LC15 concentration, decreased significantly but the mean generation time (T) was not affected by this sublethal concentration. Our results indicated that increasing concentrations of spiromesifen had significant negative effects on life table parameters of N. californicus.These quantities should not be used in combination with N. californicus in integrated pest management programs in order to obtain optimal of biological control conclusions.

scholarly journals Effects of Delayed Mating on the Reproductive Performance of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Ya-Ling Wang ◽  
Qi-Nian Jin ◽  
Xiang-Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Henosepilachna Vigintioctopunctata

Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (F.) is a serious pest of numerous solanaceous crops in many Asian countries. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of delayed mating on mating success, fecundity, fertility, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, adult longevity, and population life table parameters (including net reproductive rate, intrinsic and finite rates of increase, doubling time, and mean generation time) of H. vigintioctopunctata. Beginning three days after emergence for both sexes, mating was delayed an additional 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 days. We compared the data when mating was delayed for males only with the data when mating was similarly delayed for females only. Reproductive and life table parameters were calculated from the two data sets and compared. The results showed that the preoviposition and oviposition period of adults was significantly reduced by delayed mating, while the preoviposition period was not significantly different in adults mated at older ages. The mating success rate, fecundity, and proportion of hatching eggs decreased with increasing mating age. Longevity was not affected by the age at mating. Mating delay also affected the life table parameters of H. vigintioctopunctata, with a similar trend observed in the net reproductive rate and intrinsic and finite rates of increase, all of which decreased gradually as the number of delay days increased. The population doubling time increased with increases in mating age. The results also showed that delayed mating was an effective measure to consider in controlling H. vigintioctopunctata. It is hoped that our data will provide a scientific basis and contribute technical guidance for forecasting and integrated management of this pest.

scholarly journals Nondetrimental impact of two concomitant entomopathogenic fungi on life history parameters of a generalist predator, Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Bilal Atta ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Rashad Rasool Khan ◽  
Asli Dageri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Fecundity Rate

AbstractThe non-persistent impact of biocontrol agents can be revealed for pest control when associated entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) negatively affect the natural enemies. In this assay, impacts of Beauvaria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were studied for their compatibility or side effects on life table parameters of an important generalist predator, Coccinella septempunctata L. The results indicated non-significant impacts of both EPFs on life table parameters of C. septempunctata. The development time (egg-adult) was not significantly different in control (69.79 days) and EPFs treated C. septempunctata (69.35–80.07 days). Both fungi did not induce any significant changes in the fecundity, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total preoviposition period (TPOP), and mean generation time (T) as compared to control treatment. Similarly, no difference in fecundity rate of C. septempunctata was observed after EPFs treatment (287.7–288.5) compared to control (290.0). The highest net reproductive rate (R0) occurred in control (87.05 offspring individual−1) and M. anisopliae (86.31 offspring individual−1) as compared to B. bassiana treated beetles (76.97 offspring individual−1). The age-specific fecundity curves indicated that the C. septempunctata had a similar fecundity rate in both EPFs treatments and control. This study demonstrates no significant side effects of B. bassiana and M. anispoliae on the performance and biology of C. septempunctata. Considering the compatibility of both EPFs with C. septempunctata, their combinations can be recommended in various integrated pest management programs.

scholarly journals Age Stage Two-Sex Life Table Reveals Sublethal Effects of Some Herbal and Chemical Insecticides on Adults ofBemisia tabaci(Hem.: Aleyrodidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Jafarbeigi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Samih ◽  
Mehdi Zarabi ◽  
Saeideh Esmaeily
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Important Pest

The sweetpotato whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Genn.) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), is an important pest of agriculture in subtropical and tropical areas. In this study, we used the age-stage two-sex life table to evaluate the sublethal effects of the herbal extracts taken fromFumaria parvifloraLam. (Fumariaceae),Teucrium poliumL. (Lamiaceae),Calotropis procera(Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), andThymus vulgarisL. (Lamiaceae) as well as the two commercial synthetic insecticides, pymetrozin and neemarin. The whiteflies were exposed to each insecticide using leaf-dip method. Analysis of life table parameters revealed significant differences (P≤0.05) in the net reproductive rate (R0,NRR), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) among different insecticides. The lowest values of the three population parameters,R0,r, andλ, were observed on whiteflies treated with pymetrozin (2.455, 0.036, and 1.036),T. polium(2.828, 0.044, and 1.045), and neemarin (2.998, 0.046, and 1.047), respectively. Results of this study highlights the satisfactory insecticidal effects of the extract taken fromT. poliumonB. tabaci, which is comparable to the two commonly used synthetic insecticides.

Effect of induced resistance in bean plants on Tetranychus urticae life table parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Atefeh Dahmardeh ◽  
Malihe Latifi ◽  
Rohollah Saberi Riseh
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Rate Of Increase

In this study the effects of soil application of potassium phosphite, amino acid complex, and biolog siderophoric on the life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae have been investigated on bean plants, under laboratory conditions. The results revealed significant differences in the total developmental times, oviposition periods, and fecundity of T. urticae among the treatments. The shortest total developmental time and longevity was observed in biolog siderophoric treatment. The intrinsic rate of increase, the net reproductive rate, the finite rate of increase and the mean generation times of T. urticae were remarkably different among the treatments and lower than in the control. The lowest values of these parameters were observed in the biolog siderophoric treatment, which suggests that this inducer could be employed toward a sustainable management of T. urticae.

scholarly journals The Effect of Prey Density on Life Table Parameters of Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Fed on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under Laboratory Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soodeh Davoodi Dehkordi ◽  
Ahad Sahragard ◽  
Jalil Hajizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Hippodamia Variegata ◽  
Preovipositional Period

Life table gives the most comprehensive explanation of the survivorship, development, and reproduction of a population. The life table parameters of ladybeetle, Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), on different densities (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100) of third instar nymphs of Aphis gossypii were studied in a growth chamber (°C, % RH, and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D h). The adult preovipositional period and the total preovipositional period of female H. variegata were reduced as the prey density increased. The oviposition period was longer when prey density increased. Female longevity also increased significantly with increasing prey density. Fecundity was dependent on prey density. The lowest fecundity was obtained at density of 20 prey () and the highest at density of 100 ( eggs). Intrinsic rate of increase was dependent on prey density and ranged from to  d−1 (female/female/day) with increasing prey density. Net reproductive rate and gross reproductive rate were also increased with increasing prey density. The peak reproductive values were dependent on prey density. However, mean generation time decreased as prey density increased. It was concluded that the increase in the density of A. gossypii nymphs had positive and significant effects on reproductive parameters of H. variegata.

scholarly journals Sublethal effects of bifenazate on biological traits and enzymatic properties in the Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Tianrong Xin ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Zhiwen Zou ◽  
Ling Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Enzymatic Properties ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

AbstractPanonychus citri, a major citrus pest. In pest management, bifenazate is a novel acaricide with high biological activity against red mites, such as Tetranychus urticae Koch. However, in the field, pests are frequently exposed to sublethal or lethal concentrations of pesticides. At present, its sublethal effects on P. citri have not been reported. Therefore, in order to investigate sublethal effect of bifenazate on biological traits and enzymatic properties of P. citri. The newly emerged females were treated with two concentrations of bifenazate: LC10 and LC30, the development and fecundity were observed. The results showed that female adult duration, fecundity, oviposition days, longevity were decrease compared with control, but pre-oviposition period was longer, net reproductive rate (R0), mean generation (T) were decreased, intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate (λ) were decreased in LC30, however, doubling time was increased. Enzymatic tests showed that CAT, POD, CarE activities were higher in treatments than control. The SOD and GST activities were lower in LC30 than control and LC10, the CYP450 activity was decreased with the increasing concentrations. This study demonstrated that low lethal concentrations of bifenazate adversely affected life table parameters, enzymatic properties in P. citri. Therefore, bifenazate has the potential to control this pest.

scholarly journals Biology and life table parameters of Metaphycus marensis Chirinos & Kondo, 2019, an encyrtid parasitoid of guava cottony scale in Venezuela

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.T. Chirinos ◽  
R. Castro ◽  
J. Castro ◽  
I. Perez-Almeida ◽  
T. Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate

The guava cottony scale, Capulinia linarosae (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) is an important pest of guava, Psidium guajava, in Venezuela and northern Colombia. Metaphycus marensis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a new primary parasitoid species recently described associated with this pest. Studies were conducted on oogenesis, life cycle, survival, daily fecundity and life table parameters of Metaphycus marensis Chirinos & Kondo (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), generation time (T) and net reproductive rate (Ro). Females of M. marensis are synovigenic and this parasitoid goes through four larval instars and completes its life cycle in about 12.7 days. Survival was of type I, where mortality was initially detected by encapsulation of eggs and larvae. Metaphycus marensis was able to multiply its population 28.7 times (Ro) with rm of 0.242 in 13.9 days (T). The short generation time of the parasitoid in relation to its eriococcid host could represent a desirable attribute as a natural enemy. However, the low fecundity and the encapsulation by the host must be analyzed through field experiments in order to evaluate its effectiveness as a biological control agent for C. linarosae.

Life Table Parameters of the Zoophytophagous Predator Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Introduced and Native Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1760-1764
Author(s):  
Rômulo Sátiro de Medeiros ◽  
Germano Lopes Vinha ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
Carlos Frederico Wilcken ◽  
Claubert Wagner Guimarães de Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae ◽  
Eucalyptus Cloeziana ◽  
Population Maintenance

Abstract Brontocoris tabidus Signoret (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a zoophytophagous predator of lepidopteran defoliators of eucalyptus in Brazil. This predator complements its diet with plants, which is fundamental for its population maintenance. The objective was to evaluate the B. tabidus development, reproduction, and life table parameters in the field on Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell. (T1), Psidium guajava Linn (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) (T2), or without plants (T3). The parameters estimated were: net reproductive rate (Ro); generation duration (DG); time for the population to double in size (TD); intrinsic population growth rate (rm), survival rate (lX), specific fertility (mx), life expectancy (ex), and mortality risk (qx). Ro, DG, TD, and rm were higher in the T1 and T2 than in T3. Plant presence favored the lx, mx, and qx. Ex values were 36.1 and 56.9 in the T3 and T1, respectively. The B. tabidus fertility, longevity, and life table parameters improvement on E. cloeziana and P. guajava plants are due to the water and nutrients obtained from them. B. tabidus can be reared with Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptara: Tenebrionidae) pupae on E. cloeziana or P. guajava plants in the field.

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