MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MALE GENITALIA WITH PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE OF CHORISTONEURA LEDERER (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.T. Dang
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Nearctic Region

AbstractMale genitalia of Choristoneura species from the Nearctic Region and Palaearctic Region are described and illustrated. The study revealed that the male genitalia are among the most important body parts that contain valuable morphological characters for species distinction or grouping in this genus. They are potentially useful in the clarification of the taxonomic status of species in closely related species groups, such as the spruce budworm species complex in North America.On the basis of 17 interpretable male genital characters and their corresponding evolutionary states, the phylogeny of the genus Choristoneura is inferred and proposed. Nine species groups are recognized: (1) fumiferana, pinus, biennis, orae, occidentalis, lambertiana, carnana, retiniana, and spaldingiana; (2) diversana, murinana, metasequoiacola, and jezoensis; (3) longicellana; (4) lafauryana; (5) conflictana and fractivittana; (6) hebenstreitella, adumbratana, and luticostana; (7) albaniana and lapponana; (8) rosaceana and parallela; and (9) obsoletana and zapulata.Morphological evidence obtained in the present study suggests that two conifer-feeding species groups of Choristoneura, species group 1 from the Nearctic Region and species group 2 from the Palaearctic Region, are related. They represent the least evolved species groups in the genus. Choristoneura rosaceana, C. parallela, C. obsoletana, and C. zapulata, representing some of the species feeding on deciduous trees, are among the most evolved Choristoneura species.

Study of Laemostenus species across Zagros and Central zone of Iran, with the description of seven new cavernicolous species and notes on subgenus Iranosphodrus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Sphodrini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4344 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHADESEH SADAT TAHAMI ◽  
JAN MUILWIJK ◽  
ROMAN LOHAJ ◽  
SABER SADEGHI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Check List ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Species Groups

The species belonging to the Sphodrine genus Laemostenus Bonelli, 1810 from central and southern Zagros Mts. and central zones of Iran were studied. Two new species-groups of the subgenus Antisphodrus Schaufuss, 1865 are proposed, and seven new species belonging to subgenera Antisphodrus Schaufuss, 1865 and Iranosphodrus Lohaj & Casale, 2011 are described. Morphological characters of the habitus and shape of male genitalia were used to delimit the species. New species of subgenus Antisphodrus are: L. (A.) zagrosensis sp. nov. and L. (A.) speleophilus sp. nov. from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, and L. (A.) farsicus sp. nov. from Fars province (zagrosensis species-group); Laemostenus (A) zakariyiensis sp. nov. from Fars province (aequalis species-group), and L. (A.) shirazensis sp. nov. from Fars province (glasunowi species-group).  Based on the newly collected material, the subgenus Iranosphodrus is redefined and two new species from Yazd province are described: L.(I.) yazdensis sp. nov. and L.(I.) troglophilus sp. nov. An identification key for the Laemostenus species of the studied area is provided, and a check list for Iranian representatives of subgenera Antisphodrus and Iranosphodrus are given. 

scholarly journals A taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Dragmatucha Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Lecithoceridae, Torodorinae), with descriptions of eleven new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4786 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-175
Author(s):  
KYU-TEK PARK ◽  
JUN-MO KOO ◽  
DAVID J. L. AGASSIZ ◽  
LEIF AARVIK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Coi Sequences

The genus Dragmatucha Meyrick is reviewed and 11 species of a total of 13 are described as new. The new species originate from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda. Based on morphological characters, especially the color pattern of both wings, the genus is divided into two species-groups: the proaula species-group with five species (D. proaula Meyrick, 1908; D. galbinea Park, sp. nov.; D. kabarolensis Park, sp. nov.; D. saltualis Park, sp. nov. and D. vittatella Park, sp. nov.) and the hispidula species-group with eight species (D. hispidula Park, 2018; D. goniotes Park, sp. nov.; D. cochliana Park, sp. nov.; D. pedalis Park, sp. nov.; D. ghanaensis Park, sp. nov.; D. crinifrutalis Park, sp. nov.; D. dizostera Park, sp. nov. and D. kakumensis Park, sp. nov.). Adults and male genitalia of all new species are illustrated, but female genitalia are provided only for D. ghanaensis Park, sp. nov. and D. kakumensis Park, sp. nov. When fresh material was available, the analysis of COI sequences was undertaken. 

A new species group from the Daphnia curvirostris species complex (Cladocera: Anomopoda) from the eastern Palaearctic: taxonomy, phylogeny and phylogeography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey A Kotov ◽  
Petr G Garibian ◽  
Eugeniya I Bekker ◽  
Derek J Taylor ◽  
Dmitry P Karabanov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Rates Of Evolution ◽  
Daphnia Curvirostris

Abstract The eastern Palaearctic is a centre of diversity for freshwater cladocerans (Crustacea), but little is known about the evolution and taxonomy of this diversity. Daphnia curvirostris is a Holarctic species complex that has most of its diversity in the eastern Palaearctic. We examined the phylogeography, rates of evolution and taxonomic status for each clade of the D. curvirostris complex using morphological and genetic evidence from four genes. The cybertaxonomical and morphological evidence supported an eastern Palaearctic clade, with at least four species (described here as the Daphnia korovchinskyi sp. nov. group) having diagnostic morphological characters. We also detected convergent morphological characters in the D. curvirostris complex that provided information about species boundaries. Two of the new species (Daphnia koreana sp. nov. and Daphnia ishidai sp. nov.) are known from single ponds and are threatened by human activity. Divergence time estimates suggested an ancient origin (12–28 Mya) for the D. korovchinskyi group, but these estimates are complicated by the small number of calibration points.

Beyond Wallace: a new lineage of Chrysorthenches (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutoidea: Glyphipterigidae) reveals a journey tracking its host-plants, Podocarpus (Pinopsida: Podocarpaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 709-736
Author(s):  
Jae-Cheon Sohn ◽  
Shigeki Kobayashi ◽  
Yutaka Yoshiyasu
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Phylogeny

Abstract A northward trans-Wallacean radiation is demonstrated for Chrysorthenches, a member of the Orthenches group. Here we review Chrysorthenches and allied genera resulting in a generic transfer of Diathryptica callibrya to Chrysorthenches and two new congeners: C. muraseaeSohn & Kobayashisp. nov. from Japan and C. smaragdinaSohnsp. nov. from Thailand. We review morphological characters of Chrysorthenches and allied genera, and find polyphyly of Diathryptica and the association of the Orthenches-group with Glyphipterigidae. These findings were supported in a maximum likelihood phylogeny of DNA barcodes from ten yponomeutoids. We analysed 30 morphological characters for 12 species of Chrysorthenches, plus one outgroup, via a cladistic approach. The resulting cladogram redefined two pre-existing Chrysorthenches species-groups and identified one novel lineage: the C. callibrya species-group. We review the host associations between Chrysorthenches and Podocarpaceae, based on mapping the working phylogenies. Our review suggests that ancestral Chrysorthenches colonized Podocarpus and later shifted to other podocarp genera. Biogeographical patterns of Chrysorthenches show that they evolved long after the Podocarpaceae radiation. Disjunctive trans-Wallacean distribution of the C. callibrya species-group is possibly related to the tracking of their host-plants and the complicated geological history of the island-arc system connecting Australia and East Asia.

Review of Indian Allacta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895 (Blattodea: Ectobiidae: Pseudophyllodromiinae), with description of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4920 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-266
Author(s):  
M. SENRAJ ◽  
S. MARIA PACKIAM ◽  
S. PRABAKARAN ◽  
CRISTIAN C. LUCANAS ◽  
DEEPA JAISWAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Three New Species

The known species of Allacta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895 in India are reviewed. Three new species, A. jcenpro sp. nov., A. vellimalai sp. nov., and A. kollimalai sp. nov., are described. All are placed under hamifera species group. The new species can be differentiated from other members of hamifera species group by the pronotal and facial markings, the structure of the male genitalia and other morphological characters. Additional reports to A. kalakadensis Prabakaran & Senraj 2019 and A. figurata (Walker, 1871) are provided. A key to the known species of Indian Allacta is provided. 

On the taxonomy of the genus Agrisius Walker, 1855, with descriptions of two new species from Vietnam and Laos (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4459 (1) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTON V. VOLYNKIN ◽  
VLADIMIR V. DUBATOLOV ◽  
YASUNORI KISHIDA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time

Two new species of the genus Agrisius Walker, 1855, A. orhanti Volynkin, Dubatolov & Kishida, sp. n. and A. leloii Volynkin, Dubatolov & Kishida, sp. n. are described from South Laos and Vietnam respectively. A. orhanti sp. n. belongs to the A. japonicus Leech, 1889 species-group. Whereas, the male genitalia structure of A. leloii sp. n. is intermediate between those of the A. japonicus and the A. guttivitta Walker, 1855 species-groups, therefore, it is assigned to a separated species-group (the A. leloii species-group). Agrisius dubatolovi Orhant, 2012 is downgraded as a subspecies of A. japonicus: Agrisius japonicus dubatolovi Orhant, 2012, stat. nov. Female genitalia of species of the A. japonicus and most of the A. guttivitta species-groups are illustrated for the first time. 

Taxonomic revision of the P. chartergoides species-group of the genus Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4858 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-554
Author(s):  
JOSÉ N. A. JUNIOR DOS SANTOS ◽  
ORLANDO T. SILVEIRA ◽  
JAMES M. CARPENTER
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Species Groups

A taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia chartergoides species-group was undertaken. Protopolybia isthmensis (Richards) stat. nov. is elevated to the level of species. The male genitalia of P. chartergoides (Gribodo), P. fuscata (Fox), and P. pallidibalteatus (Cameron) are illustrated and described. New collection records and new identification keys are presented for the species groups of Protopolybia, and the species within the P. chartergoides species-group. 

Morphotaxonomic revision of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Oriental Region

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3577 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROYUKI TAKAOKA
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Preliminary Attempt ◽  
The Third ◽  
Species Groups

Simulium (Gomphostilbia) Enderlein, the third largest (206 named species included) in the genus Simulium Latreille s. l., is one of the two most abundant and diverse subgenera in the Oriental Region. To provide a classification scheme to facilitate morphological identification of the species within this subgenus, its diagnostic characters are redefined, and nine known species-groups within it are reviewed. Based on putative lineages explored by using certain adult morphological characters, seven more species-groups are proposed: asakoae, darjeelingense, epistum, gombakense, heldsbachense, hemicyclium and palauense species-groups, while the trirugosum species-group is merged in the varicorne species-group. Subgroups are also introduced to represent apparently different lineages within certain species-groups based on certain pupal morphological characters: two in the banauense species-group, seven in the batoense species-group redefined, four in the ceylonicum species-group redefined, four in the epistum species-group, two in the hemicyclium species-group, two in the sherwoodi species-group and four in the varicorne species-group redefined. A new checklist of species of the subgenus Gomphostilbia, and a key to all 15 species-groups within it are provided. The eastward expansion of the geographical distribution of the subgenus Gomphostilbia is inferred on the basis of the more frequent occurrence of apomorphic characters of certain adult and pupal morphological features in insular species-groups than in continental species-groups. A preliminary attempt using a cladistic analysis of morphological characters shows that among 10 subgenera examined, Gomphostilbia has a sister-taxon relationship with the Australasian subgenus Morops Enderlein, and this clade, together with the Central-Western Pacific subgenus Inseliellum Rubtsov, is positioned closest to the most derived clade formed by Daviesellum Takaoka & Adler and Simulium Latreille s. str.

Towards a phylogeny of Tanytarsus van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae). Is morphology alone sufficient to reconstruct the genealogical relationship?

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjørn Ekrem
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Chironomid Species ◽  
Genealogical Relationship ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Male Pupa

AbstractA phylogenetic analysis of species potentially belonging to the Tanytarsus eminulus, gregarius, mendax and lugens species groups is performed using morphological characters from the adult male, pupa and larva. The results show that morphological characters do not support the postulated monophyly of the eminulus, gregarius, lugens and mendax group combined in unweighted parsimony analyses, and that a constraint based on unique synapomorphies and evidence from molecular data have to be used in order to produce cladograms with reasonable topologies. Four reasons for this are discussed: Few taxa, few characters, choice of secondary outgroup taxa and a high amount of homoplasy in the data set. A hierarchial analysis procedure is used to avoid the numerous question marks in the complete data matrix. In the preferred tree, the traditional species groups within Tanytarsus are kept, and one new species group, the mcmillani group, comprising only old Gondwanan species is erected. The results are compared to other recent studies on chironomid species relationships, and comments are given to the zoogeographical patterns of the species in the eminulus, gregarius, lugens, mcmillani and mendax species groups.

Pedrowygomyia, a new Neotropical genus of Prosimuliini (Diptera: Simuliidae): Gigantodax s. lat. split into two genera

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rafael Miranda-Esquivel ◽  
Sixto Coscarón
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Species Groups

AbstractA cladistic analysis of the species groups recognized in Gigantodax Enderlein, using morphological characters, shows that Gigantodax s. lat. is paraphyletic. From a phylogenetic standing Gigantodax must be split into two monophyletic entities: Gigantodax s. str. and the G. cortesi species group. The new genus Pedrowygomyia is proposed for the G. cortesi species group. It presently contains four species, P. cortesi, P. jatunchuspi, P. punapi and P. chacabamba (all new combinations).

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