A Technique for Rearing Tyroglyphid Mites on Mould Cultures

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Food Medium

This technique was developed to discover whether a tyroglyphid mite, Tyrophagus castellanii Hirst, was feeding on moulds growing on a food medium rather than on the food medium itself. Later on the technique was also found satisfactory for obtaining, under controlled temperature and humidity conditions, individual development records for all stages of the life-cycle of the mite.

scholarly journals Monitoring the phenology of Forsythia velutina, an endemic plant of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-363
Author(s):  
Jung-Won Sung ◽  
Geun-Ho Kim ◽  
Kyeong-Cheol Lee ◽  
Yun-Jin Shim ◽  
Shin-Gu Kang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Basic Data ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Background and objective: This study was conducted on Forsythia velutina, a special plant, in Gyeongsangnam-do Arboretum under the Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research Institute, which is located in the southern part of Korea. Methods: The research aimed to analyze the flowering characteristics of the plant by calculating the optimal temperature and humidity according to the flowering time and flowering period for 8 years from 2010 to 2017 in order to provide basic data for bioclimate studies of endemic plants. Results: It was observed that the Forsythia velutina showed a life cycle from mid-March and to mid-November. Average growth period was 243 (± 6.5) days. In testing the reliability of a single variable according to the meteorological factors, the Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.701, which indicates that the findings were relatively reliable. The average date of flowering was March 16 (SD = 5.8) and the average date on which blossoms fall was March 29 (SD = 5.2). A substantial difference in flowering period was observed from year to year 11 to 23 days, with an average of 16 days (± 4.7). The temperature and humidity in February to March, which affect the flowering, were 2.9-5.5℃, and 66.5-73.0%, respectively, and showed differences every year. Conclusion: The correlation between flowering time and meteorological factors was positive, and the highest daily temperature and average daily temperature had the highest significance. When establishing basic data on plant species for the conservation of endemic plants, the changes in life cycle events and weather conditions are identified. It is believed that it will be helpful in establishing a conservation strategy for the plant species in the future.

Investigations into the free-living phase of the life-cycle of Nematodirus helvetianus

Parasitology ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The free-living phase of the life-cycle of Nematodirus helvetianus was studied out of doors on grass plots and the effects of temperature and humidity on the free-living stages were studied in the laboratory. The results of these observations are discussed in relation to the bionomics of N. battus and N. filicollis, and tentative deductions made regarding the epidemiology of N. helvetianus infection.I wish to thank Mr J. Bailey for technical assistance.

Observations on the bionomics of Linognathus pedalis

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Scott
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Studies on the life cycle and on populations of Linognathus pedalis are described. The incubation period of the egg is 17 days, followed by three nymphal instars, each of approximately 7 days, and a preoviposition period of 5 days. The period from egg to egg is, therefore, approximately 43 days. The female deposits approximately one egg per day. There is a pronounced seasonal fluctuation in populations, which reach a maximum from July to October and a minimum from December to March. Lambs are most susceptible to L. pedalis and may become infested within a few hours after birth. Infestations may be acquired either by direct contact with infested sheep or from an infested environment. Under suitable conditions of temperature and humidity, L. pedalis can survive far up to 18 days away from the sheep, and it has been shown experimentally that lambs can become infested from pastures at least three clays after removal of infested sheep.

scholarly journals Examining the conceptual and scientific underpinnings of research in developmental psychopathology

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE CICCHETTI ◽  
JOHN E. RICHTERS
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Interdisciplinary Science ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Fields Of Study

The interdisciplinary science of developmental psychopathology has evolved from its historical roots in a variety of fields including: sociology; epidemiology; embryology; the neurosciences and psychobiology; psychoanalysis; clinical, developmental, and experimental psychology; and psychiatry (Cicchetti, 1990) into an increasingly mature integrative framework within which the contributions of these heretofore largely separate disciplines could be fully realized within the broader context of understanding individual development and functioning, both normal and abnormal (see chapters in Cicchetti & Cohen, 1995a, 1995b; see also Cicchetti & Toth, in press). In one of the early statements concerning the goals of this field, Cicchetti (1990) asserted that: “Developmental psychopathology ... should bridge fields of study, span the life cycle, and aid in the discovery of important new truths about the processes underlying adaptation and maladaptation, as well as the best means of preventing or ameliorating psychopathology. Moreover, this discipline should contribute greatly to reducing the dualisms that exist between the clinical study of and research into childhood and adult disorders, between the behavioral and biological sciences, between developmental psychology and psychopathology, and between basic and applied science” (p. 20).

Relations of peri-residential temperature and humidity in tick-life-cycle-relevant time periods with human Lyme disease risk in Pennsylvania, USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 148697
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Heaney ◽  
Katherine A. Moon ◽  
Richard S. Ostfeld ◽  
Jonathan Pollak ◽  
Melissa N. Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Lyme Disease Risk

scholarly journals The length of the development phases and the growing season of Nigella sativa L. along altitude gradients (the example of Dagestan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
L. A. Gabibullaeva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Phenological Phases

Aim. To study of the duration life cycle and phenological phases of plants  of Nigella sativa L. (variability depending on height above sea level, seed  quality and climatic conditions of the year). Material  and Methods.  Generally  accepted  methods described  in  the  relevant guidelines were used in conducting the research. Samples of  Nigella sativa (black cumin) were sourced from various eco‐geographical  origins: Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Syria, Egypt and Azerbaijan.  Results. It was determined that with an increase in height above sea level  of the place of growth, the life cycle of plants of N. sativa samples is  prolonged and their content of palmitic acid decreases.  Conclusion. The main reason for the above‐mentioned negative changes is  a decrease in the average daily temperature with altitude above sea level  and, as a result, a delay in the accumulation of the sum of effective  temperatures necessary for the passage of certain stages of individual  development and the life cycle as a whole.   

scholarly journals Life cycle and reproductive patterns of Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard, 1843) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) under constant and fluctuating conditions of temperature and humidity

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miryam P. Damborsky ◽  
María E. Bar ◽  
David Gorla
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Temperature Group ◽  
Life Cycle Duration

The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature and relative humidity influence in the life cycle, mortality and fecundity patterns of Triatoma rubrovaria. Four cohorts with 60 recently laid eggs each were conformed. The cohorts were divided into two groups. In the controlled conditions group insects were maintained in a dark climatic chamber under constant temperature and humidity, whereas triatomines of the ambiental temperature group were maintained at room temperature. Average incubation time was 15.6 days in the controlled conditions group and 19.1 days in the ambiental temperature. In group controlled conditions the time from egg to adult development lasted 10 months while group ambiental temperature took four months longer. Egg eclosion rate was 99.1% and 98.3% in controlled conditions and ambiental temperature, respectively. Total nymphal mortality in controlled conditions was 52.6% whereas in ambiental temperature was 51.8%. Mean number of eggs/female was 817.6 controlled conditions and 837.1 ambiental temperature. Fluctuating temperature and humidity promoted changes in the life cycle duration and in the reproductive performance of this species, although not in the species mortality.

scholarly journals Aspects of the development of Ixodes anatis under different environmental conditions in the laboratory and in the field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Bansal ◽  
William Pomroy ◽  
Allen C Heath ◽  
Isabel Castro
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The Times ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences ◽  
Host Parasite

Abstract BackgroundAs parasites spend a large amount of their life cycles on their hosts, to gain a better understanding of how host-parasite systems work, information about the life cycle of the parasite is important. Numerous laboratory and few field-based studies have explored the influence of microclimates on developmental times of different stages of various species of ixodid ticks and found that most of these species develop quicker and survive better at temperatures between 18 and 26°C and relative humidity between 75% and 94%. Ixodes anatis Chilton, 1904, or kiwi tick, is an endophilic, nidicolous species endemic to North Island brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli, NIBK) and the Tokoeka (Apteryx australis). Little is known about the environmental conditions that are ideal for the development of the kiwi tick. Our aims in this study were to determine and compare the conditions of temperature and RH that ensured the best survival, and the shortest interstadial periods for the kiwi tick, in the laboratory and outdoors inside artificial kiwi burrows.MethodsWe collected free walking engorged ticks off wild kiwi hosts and placed them in the laboratory at various fixed temperature and humidity regimes. We also placed sets of different stages of these ticks in artificial kiwi burrows and in both cases, recorded the times taken for the ticks to moult to the next stage.ResultsWe found that temperature had a larger impact on the moults between stages than relative humidity, and larvae and nymphs both showed optimum development between 10-20°C, which is lower than many other species of Ixodid ticks. However, larvae moulted quicker and survived better when saturation deficits were <1-2 mmHg (RH>94%) while for nymphs the optimum saturation deficits were 1-10 mmHg.ConclusionsWe believe that the kiwi tick has adapted to stable, but relatively cool and humid conditions in the burrows reflecting the evolutionary consequences of its association with the kiwi.

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