AQUATIC COLEOPTERA OF PEATLANDS AND MARSHES IN CANADA

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (S140) ◽  
pp. 99-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Water Beetles ◽  
Future Needs ◽  
Water Beetle ◽  
Wetland Water ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Common Future ◽  
Rich Fauna

AbstractA rich fauna of water beetles, comprising 11 families and 485 species, occurs in Canadian peatlands and marshes. These beetles are diverse with respect to morphology, feeding habits, life-history patterns, and even in the degree to which they occur in water. Major adaptations to peatland and marsh habitats are described. Based on species composition, the following regional communities of marsh-inhabiting beetles are recognized: arctic, boreal, Cordilleran, grasslands, and eastern temperate. Peatlands possess a community of beetles similar to that of boreal marshes but contain enough unique elements to warrant separate recognition. However, based on water beetle distribution, it is not possible to subdivide peatlands into bog and fen communities because these habitats have many species in common. Future needs for research on wetland water beetles are identified.

scholarly journals Life-history patterns of fishes in the Hellenic Seas

Web Ecology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Stergiou
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Fish Prey ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Similar Information ◽  
Life History Patterns

Abstract. The available quantitative information (age, growth, maturation and mortality) for 103 fish stocks in Hellenic Seas was analysed here in the context of life-history theory and compared with similar information from other areas of the world. The results showed that the fish species and stocks inhabiting Hellenic waters are generally small in size, have low longevity, mature at an early age and size, and probably suffer high adult mortality rates. Such a pattern most probably is an adaptation to the synergetic combination of highly oligotrophic conditions and high subtropical temperatures prevailing in Hellenic waters and is consistent with life-history theory. Finally, the auximetric grid was used to compare the growth of four species, each represented by more than six stocks. The results revealed that the growth spaces occupied by the four species reflect their strikingly different feeding habits, especially with respect to the size of prey and the relative importance of fish prey to their diet.

scholarly journals The Diversity and Composition of Assemblages of Water Beetles (Gyrinidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae) in a Peat Bog in Belarus

Zoodiversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
O. Shatarnova
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Water Beetles ◽  
Water Beetle ◽  
Bog Lakes ◽  
Bog Water ◽  
High Diversity

The diversity and species composition of the water beetles in peat bog lakes, streams and hollows in Belarus were studied. In total, 45 species of water beetles belonging to 3 families (Gyrinidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae) were sampled by entomological net. Hydroporus tristis, Ilybius aenescens, Enochrus affinis, and E. ochropterus are the most abundant species A rather high diversity was recorded (Shannon-Wienner diversity index H′ = 2.037–2.912). Shannon-Wienner indexes indicated higher values in the lakes, whereas the lowest values in the hollows were recorded. In addition, in hollows water beetle species composition was the most different from the other peat bog water bodies.

Recognition of larvae of the Tetrabothriidae (Eucestoda): implications for the origin of tapeworms in marine homeotherms

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Hoberg
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Host Switching ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Marine Birds ◽  
Marine Communities ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Ecological Associations

The Tetrabothriidae represent the dominant group of cestodes, previously known only as adult parasites, in marine birds and mammals. Recognition of their unique plerocercoid larvae provides the first definitive evidence for life history patterns and phylogenetic relationships with other cestodes. Affinities of the Tetrabothriidae and Tetraphyllidea, cestodes of elasmobranchs, are indicated by larval morphology and ontogeny. However, patterns of sequential heterochrony in the ontogeny of the adult scolex of Tetrabothrius sp. appear to be unique among the Eucestoda. Tetrabothriids constitute a fauna that originated by host switching from elasmobranchs to homeotherms, via ecological associations, following invasion of marine communities by birds and mammals in the Tertiary.

A structural gradient in cerrado vegetation of Brazil: changes in woody plant density, species richness, life history and plant composition

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luci Ferreira Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Tabarelli
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
Structural Types

Four structural types of cerrado vegetation were examined to test the following hypotheses: (1) there are predictable changes in woody plant density, species richness and life-history strategies from one structural type to another; and (2) plant species composition in the less-rich structural types represent particular and impoverished subsets of those found in the richer ones. The study was conducted at Fazenda Palmares (5°33′S, 42°37′W) Piauí State, Brazil. A 47% decrease in woody plant density between cerradão (forest) and the least-dense type of cerrado sensu stricto (scrub) was associated with a 40% decrease in species richness. The percentage of lower-layer species was reduced by 29% in the least dense type of cerrado sensu stricto compared to cerradão. The proportion of species that flower and fruit during the rainy season was also reduced by one third. Species were not distributed as impoverished subsets along the cerradão–cerrado sensu stricto gradient. It is argued that the reduction in woody plant density and richness is partly due to factors limiting the occurrence of species with particular life-history strategies. The species composition of structural types is affected by the ‘mass effect’ and also by surrounding biotas, which provide species that colonize particular types of cerrado vegetation. Both these processes reduce the likelihood that the species composition in the poorer structural types are simple subsets of those present in the richer types.

scholarly journals Effects of Climate and Biotic Factors on Life History Characteristics and Vital Rates of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in Spread Creek, Wyoming

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
Patrick Uthe ◽  
Robert Al-Chokhachy
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Snake River ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Diversity Of Life

The Upper Snake River represents one of the largest remaining strongholds of Yellowstone cutthroat across its native range. Understanding the effects of restoration activities and the diversity of life-history patterns and factors influencing such patterns remains paramount for long-term conservation strategies. In 2011, we initiated a project to quantify the success of the removal of a historic barrier on Spread Creek and to evaluate the relative influence of different climate attributes on native Yellowstone cutthroat trout and non-native brook trout behavior and fitness. Our results to date have demonstrated the partial success of the dam removal with large, fluvial Yellowstone cutthroat trout migrating up Spread Creek to spawn, thus reconnecting this population to the greater Snake River metapopulation. Early indications from mark-recapture data demonstrate considerable differences in life-history and demographic patterns across tributaries within the Spread Creek drainage. Our results highlight the diversity of life-history patterns of resident and fluvial Yellowstone cutthroat trout with considerable differences in seasonal and annual growth rates and behavior across populations. Continuing to understand the factors influencing such patterns will provide a template for prioritizing restoration activities in the context of future challenges to conservation (e.g., climate change).

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