wetland water
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Author(s):  
Ilaria Braschi ◽  
Sonia Blasioli ◽  
Stevo Lavrnić ◽  
Enrico Buscaroli ◽  
Katia Di Prodi ◽  
...  

AbstractA non-waterproofed surface flow constructed wetland (SFCW), treating agricultural drainage water in Northern Italy, was investigated to gain information on the potential ability for effective pesticide abatement. A mixture of insecticide imidacloprid, fungicide dimethomorph, and herbicide glyphosate was applied, by simulating a single rain event, into 470-m-long water course of the SFCW meanders. The pesticides were monitored in the wetland water and soil for about 2 months after treatment. Even though the distribution of pesticides in the wetland was not uniform, for each of them, a mean dissipation of 50% of the applied amount was already observed at ≤7 days. The dissipation trend in the water phase of the wetland fitted (r2 ≥ 0.8166) the first-order model with calculated DT50 of 20.6, 12.0, 5.8, and 36.7 days for imidacloprid, dimethomorph, glyphosate, and the glyphosate metabolite AMPA, respectively. The pesticide behavior was interpreted based on the chemical and physical characteristics of both the substances and the water-soil system. Despite the fast abatement of glyphosate, traces were detected in the water until the end of the trial. The formation of soluble 1:1 complex between glyphosate and calcium, the most representative cation in the wetland water, was highlighted by infrared analyses. Such a soluble complex was supposed to keep traces of the herbicide in solution.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Marian Horn ◽  
Matthew Law ◽  
Simon Lorentz ◽  
Liz Day ◽  
Christopher Dalgliesh ◽  
...  

Abstract The Wetlands in Drylands presented in this study focussed on the Papenkuils Wetland, which is in the Western Cape of South Africa, north of the Brandvlei Dam, and south west of Worcester, downstream of the confluence of the Breede (or Bree) and Smalblaar Rivers. This study sets out to establish the shadow price of the environmental services of this wetland, and to understand how this value changes with the possible future diversion of water to an agricultural dam before the Wetland, water provision to the wetlands. The study strongly recommends that the functionality of this wetland, as the largest in the Breede (Afrikaans word meaning wide) Catchment and with biodiversity that is recognised as an important remnant of habitats in the region, be maintained through management and sufficient inundation of water. This would be accompanied by a programme of abstraction for irrigation at a pumping station below the Papenkuils Wetland, as opposed to further abstraction of winter water above the wetland, as is currently proposed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ReNae S Nowicki ◽  
Mark C Rains ◽  
Jason J LaRoche ◽  
Matthew A Pasek

Abstract The sandhill wetlands, ponds, and lakes of west-central Florida, USA, are an understudied, poorly understood variant of geographically isolated features. Their karst origin and xeric setting impart a characteristic ecohydrology, which is a function of their connectivity to a regional water-supply aquifer. This study describes their general hydrologic character and provides physical and chemical evidence of this connectivity. These findings advance fundamental understanding of sandhill wetland/water ecohydrology and endeavor to ensure their proper management and protection amidst increasing groundwater demands, ever-expanding development, and a changing climate.Water level elevations and/or geochemistry were compared for 12 wetlands, five ponds, two lakes, and 12 monitor wells (10 constructed in limestone, two in surficial sand) in west-central Florida. Hydrograph and regression analyses indicate widely ranging water levels for most features and wells that are similar in elevation and very highly correlated with each other (0.84<R2<0.99). Water geochemistry varies from rainwater to water in contact with limestone as a function of feature depth relative to the depth of the rainwater-limestone water mixing zone. Results suggest sandhill wetland/water features are surface water expressions of the underlying regional aquifer hydrology, distinguishing them from isolated features elsewhere and establishing them as a groundwater endmember along the hydrologic continuum.


Author(s):  
Lawan Bulama ◽  
Ejeh Udeh Lawrence ◽  
Ahmad Abubakar Umar

Climate change and its attendant fallouts such as drought, flood etc affect every aspects of environment including wetland ecosystem. This paper seeks to examine the effects of droughts on Dagona Waterfowl Sanctuary−an important wintering area for migratory birds in Bade local government, Yobe state, Nigeria. The study used annual rainfall data collected from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) with respect to Nguru weather station in the area for a period of 1956-2015. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in conjunction with Percentage Deviation Below Mean (PDBM) models were applied for comprehensive drought detection on a time scale of twelve (12) months. SPI anomaly graphs were plotted to depict drought of varying magnitude. The researcher went round the sanctuary and made observations with the help of binocular and telescope. Findings explicitly revealed that the study area was replete with droughts of varying intensities ranging from mild, moderate, severe and extreme ones. And high magnitude droughts led to hydrological changes causing drying up of wetland water, decreased production of seeds that provide forage opportunities, intrusion of invasive species such as typha grasses forming dense biomass that hinder birds to prey on fishes or swim freely. The result of the analysis would add to the mainstream theoretical body of knowledge about droughts effects on wetlands. The research concludes that droughts of high magnitude occurred variably and affected both native and migratory birds in the study area and hence recommend the integration of disasters like drought in the management strategies of the wetlands.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartwig Hochmair ◽  
◽  
Adam Benjamin ◽  
Daniel Gann ◽  
Levente Juhasz ◽  
...  

This assessment focuses on describing urban tree canopy (UTC) within the Urban Development Boundary of Miami-Dade County, as defined by the Miami-Dade County Transportation Planning Organization (Figure 1). The area (intracoastal water areas excluded) encompasses approximately 1147 km2 (443 mi2). A combination of remote sensing and publicly available vector data was used to classify the following land cover classes: tree canopy/shrubs, grass, bare ground, wetland, water, building, street/railroad, other impervious surfaces, and cropland.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Soldatova ◽  
Yihui Dong ◽  
Jiale Li ◽  
Irina Ivanova ◽  
Andrey Toropov ◽  
...  

Abstract During the last several decades, wetlands are losing their ecological functions due to increasing anthropogenic loads. One of these functions is the ability to bind elements forming geochemical barriers. The research aimed to study the geochemical conditions of natural wetlands and flooded paddy fields (artificial wetlands) in the Ganjiang River basin to trace geochemical barriers. The research approach was based on a comprehensive analysis of water and aqueous extracts from bottom sediments and paddy soils, including chemical and mineral composition. The samples were collected in November 2019, during the dry season at the end of harvesting. Chemical analysis was performed using standard methods for natural substances: titrimetry, photometry, ionic chromatography, high-temperature oxidation, ICP-MS, and ICP-AES. The mineral composition of the soils and sediments was determined by XRD. It was found that the main physicochemical characteristics (TDS, pH, main component concentrations) of the natural wetland water correspond to the surface water of the study area, whereas the irrigation water is similar to shallow groundwater. The content of trace elements in the irrigation water is higher than in the natural wetland water. Generally, the trace element composition of the natural wetland water corresponds to the geochemical background of the study area. Analysis of the mineral and chemical composition of the paddy soils and sediments indicates the geochemical barriers that accumulate a wide range of elements. In the natural wetland, the geochemical barrier is likely associated with a decrease in oxygen content and advective transport rate in the sediments, whereas in the paddy fields, the precipitation of clay minerals in the soil profile forms the geochemical barrier related to a decrease in filtration properties and advection–diffusion transport. Graphic abstract


2021 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 106941
Author(s):  
Quan Cui ◽  
Mohamed E. Ammar ◽  
Majid Iravani ◽  
Jahan Kariyeva ◽  
Monireh Faramarzi

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