First report of pupal parasitoids of filth-breeding flies (Diptera) from bovine manure in northeastern Mexico

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 682-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Loera-Gallardo ◽  
Juan F. Luna-Salas ◽  
G.A.P. Gibson

AbstractA total of 2702 individuals representing nine species of Pteromalidae (Chalcidoidea) plus at least one species of Diapriidae, Trichopria haematobiae (Ashmead) (Diaprioidea), were reared as pupal parasitoids of filth-breeding flies in bovine manure during a 2-year study in northern Tamaulipas, Mexico. The Pteromalidae included two undescribed species of Spalangia Latreille plus Spalangia cameroni Perkins, S. drosophilae Ashmead, S. endius Walker, S. nigroaenea Curtis, Muscidifurax raptor Girault and Sanders, M. zaraptor Kogan and Legner, and Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani). Spalangia nigroaenea accounted for 71% of all the pupal parasitoids and all six Spalangia species for 94% of the parasitoids over the 2 years. Based on its preponderance, S. nigroaenea is recommended as a candidate for inundative releases within integrated pest management programs to help control fly pests of cattle in northeastern Mexico.


2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Mauricio Quintero ◽  
Isabel Cristina Lopez ◽  
Takumasa Kondo

<p>En el presente estudio se colectaron cuatro parasitoides de <em>Dasiops inedulis </em>Steyskal (Diptera: Lonchaeidae), i.e., uno de tipo larva-pupa identificado como <em>Utetes anastrephae </em>(Viereck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), y tres parasitoides de pupas identificados como <em>Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae </em>Rondani, <em>Spalangia </em>sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) y <em>Aganaspis </em>sp. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae). En el campo se observaron daños ocasionados por una larva de Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) sobre pupas centinelas de<em>D. inedulis</em>. Se realizaron experimentos con un cebo tóxico de origen natural a base de <em>Saccharopolyspora spinosa </em>en los municipios de Palmira y Toro, en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, destacándose como una nueva alternativa para el control de <em>D. inedulis </em>en maracuyá amarillo, ya que en las dos localidades mantuvo los niveles de daño por debajo del manejo convencional del agricultor y el testigo absoluto. Se provee una lista de enemigos naturales de <em>D. inedulis </em>tomada mediante muestreos de botones florales de maracuyá, uso de pupas centinelas, e información en la literatura científica. Para el control de la mosca del botón floral del maracuyá, <em>D. inedulis</em>, se propone una estrategia de manejo integrado de plagas que le permitirán al productor mantener las poblaciones de <em>D. inedulis </em>reguladas con diferentes herramientas, i.e., enemigos naturales que se pueden incorporar en diferentes etapas de la fenología de <em>D. inedulis</em>, uso de cebos tóxicos de baja toxicidad, recolección de botones con síntomas de daño, y monitoreo con el uso de trampas McPhail cebadas con proteína hidrolizada, interviniendo en diferentes estados de desarrollo, cortando ciclos y disminuyendo así futuras generaciones del insecto. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Integrated pest management as a strategy to control the passionfruit flower-bud fly, <em>Dasiops inedulis</em>Steyskal (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)</strong></p><span> Four parasitoids of the passion fruit flower bud fly, </span><em>Dasiops inedulis </em><span>Steyskal (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) were collected in the present study, i.e., a larva-pupa type parasitoid, </span><em>Utetes anastrephae </em><span>(Viereck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and three pupal parasitoids, namely </span><em>Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae</em><span>Rondani, </span><em>Spalangia </em><span>sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and</span><em>Aganaspis </em><span>sp. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae). In the field we observed a species of Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) larva feeding on the sentinel pupae of </span><em>D. inedulis</em><span>. We conducted experiments in the municipalities of Palmira and Toro, in the State of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, on the efficiency of a toxic bait made from the bacteria </span><em>Saccharopolyspora spinosa</em><span>, standing out as a new alternative for controlling </span><em>D. inedulis</em><span>on yellow passion fruit. This toxic bait maintained the injury levels below the conventional management used by the farmers and the control plots in both study areas. A list of natural enemies of </span><em>D. inedulis </em><span>was compiled by inspecting passion fruit flower buds, using sentinel pupae, and information taken from the literature. For the control of </span><em>D. inedulis</em><span>, an integrated pest management strategy is proposed that will allow the farmer to maintain </span><em>D. inedulis </em><span>populations under control with different management tools, i.e., natural enemies which can be incorporated at different stages of development of </span><em>D. inedulis</em><span>, low toxicity baits, recollection of flower buds with symptoms of damage, monitoring with McPhail traps baited with protein hydrolysate, thus intervening at different stages the development of the lonchaeid fly pest, breaking its life cycle and thus decreasing their populations in future generations.</span>



Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).



2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Beers ◽  
Adrian Marshall ◽  
Jim Hepler ◽  
Josh Milnes




2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Sally Y. Shelton ◽  
John E. Simmons ◽  
Tom J.K. Strang


HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 531b-531
Author(s):  
J. Nienhuis

REDCAHOR is the Spanish acronym for “Central American Vegetable Network.” Vegetables have traditionally been an important source of nutrients and vitamins in the diet in Central America. Vegetable production in this region is now changing as local consumers are demanding increased diversity and quality and international markets are expanding with “non-traditional” vegetable exports. The present restraints to expanded research and production of vegetables in the region include i) need for cultivars with increased insect and disease resistance, ii) poor and excessive use of pesticides, and iii) inadequate postharvest technology. In addition, there are few vegetable researchers in the region and response to their activities have not been coordinated. The goal of REDCAHOR is to develop a regional network of national institutions that can prioritize agendas and cooperate to maximize the impact of available resources. Establishment of a system of regional trials and cooperative regional programs in integrated pest management and plant breeding are currently under development. A series of regional workshops are planned, including integrated pest management, maintenance and use of genetic resources, organic production, and greenhouse production. In addition, REDCAHOR, in collaboration with the Escuela Agricola Panamerica in Honduras, will offer regional short-course training in vegetable breeding and genetics as well as vegetable production and management, including integrated pest management.



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