scholarly journals SIRPα/CD172a and FHOD1 Are Unique Markers of Littoral Cells, a Recently Evolved Major Cell Population of Red Pulp of Human Spleen

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 (9) ◽  
pp. 4496-4505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Gordon Ogembo ◽  
Danny A. Milner ◽  
Keith G. Mansfield ◽  
Scott J. Rodig ◽  
George F. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Littoral Cells ◽  
Unique Markers ◽  
Red Pulp

scholarly journals Red pulp macrophages in the human spleen are a distinct cell population with a unique expression of Fc-γ receptors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 941-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sietse Q. Nagelkerke ◽  
Christine W. Bruggeman ◽  
Joke M. M. den Haan ◽  
Erik P. J. Mul ◽  
Timo K. van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Population ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Iv Immunoglobulin ◽  
Red Pulp

Key Points Human red pulp macrophages are distinct from monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages in the expression of FcγRs and other surface markers. Red pulp macrophages phagocytose IgG-opsonized blood cells by activating FcγRs and are sensitive to IV immunoglobulin blocking

scholarly journals Hemolysis in the spleen drives erythrocyte turnover

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas robert leon Klei ◽  
Jill Jasmine Dalimot ◽  
Benjamin Nota ◽  
Martijn Veldthuis ◽  
Erik Mul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Erythrocyte Adhesion ◽  
Subsequent Degradation ◽  
Macrophage Subpopulations ◽  
Senescent Erythrocytes ◽  
Red Pulp

Red pulp macrophages of the spleen mediate turnover of billions of senescent erythrocytes per day. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in sequestration of senescent erythrocytes, their recognition and their subsequent degradation by red pulp macrophages remain unclear. In this study we provide evidence that the splenic environment is of substantial importance in facilitating erythrocyte turnover through induction of hemolysis. Upon isolating human spleen red pulp macrophages we noted a substantial lack of macrophages that were in the process of phagocytosing intact erythrocytes. Detailed characterization of erythrocyte and macrophage subpopulations from human spleen tissue led to the identification of erythrocytes that are devoid of hemoglobin, so-called erythrocyte ghosts. By in vivo imaging and transfusion experiments we further confirmed that senescent erythrocytes that are retained in the spleen are subject to hemolysis. Additionally, we show that erythrocyte adhesion molecules, which are specifically activated on aged erythrocytes, cause senescent erythrocytes to interact with extracellular matrix proteins that are exposed within the splenic architecture. Such adhesion molecule-driven retention of senescent erythrocytes, under low shear conditions, was found to result in steady shrinkage of the cell and ultimately resulted in hemolysis. In contrast to intact senescent erythrocytes, the remnant erythrocyte ghost shells were prone to recognition and breakdown by red pulp macrophages. These data identify hemolysis as a key event in the turnover of senescent erythrocytes, which alters our current understanding of how erythrocyte degradation is regulated.

Electron microscopy of the red pulp of human spleen

1972 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Tsun Chen ◽  
Leon Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Red Pulp

scholarly journals The scavenger receptorSCARA5 is an endocytic receptor for von Willebrand factor expressed by littoral cells in the human spleen

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1384-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Swystun ◽  
Kenichi Ogiwara ◽  
Jesse D. Lai ◽  
Juha R. M. Ojala ◽  
Orla Rawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Littoral Cells ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Splenic Littoral Cell Angioma in a Child

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Recep Bedir ◽  
İbrahim Şehitoğlu ◽  
Ahmet Salih Calapoğlu ◽  
Cüneyt Yurdakul
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Vascular Neoplasm ◽  
Littoral Cell ◽  
Littoral Cell Angioma ◽  
Littoral Cells ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Red Pulp

ABSTRACTLittoral cell angioma (LCA) is a rare, benign primary vascular neoplasm of the spleen. The tumor originates from the littoral cells lining the sinuses of the red pulp of the spleen. Preoperative distinction of this tumor from other benign or malign splenic lesions is difficult. Radiologically most cases present as multiple nodules. Definitive diagnosis can only be made histopathologically and immunohistochemically following splenectomy. This clinical situation can coexist with various malignancies and autoimmune disorders. Even though, it is mostly benign, since it has the potential to become malignant after splenectomy, long-term follow-up is required. We present an LCA case, which appeared as a solitary mass in the spleen of an 11-year-old girl with abdominal pain admitted to our hospital.

scholarly journals Freeze-fracture investigation of the red pulp of human spleen

1989 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kaiserling ◽  
H. Wolburg ◽  
P. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Red Pulp

Anatomical Pathways from the White to the Red Pulp in the Human Spleen

1985 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Brozman
Keyword(s):  
Human Spleen ◽  
Red Pulp

MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC OF HISTOARCHITECTONICS OF THE HUMAN SPLEEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Н. С. Федоровская ◽  
Л. М. Железнов ◽  
В. Б. Зайцев ◽  
Д. А. Дьяконов ◽  
Е. В. Коледаева
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Tissue Compartments ◽  
Red Pulp

Цель - определить характерные особенности гистоархитектоники селезенки человека в сопоставлении с основными этапами иммунного ответа. Материал и методы. Работа выполнена на аутопсийном материале селезенок 20 человек, не имевших в анамнезе патологии системы кроветворения. Медиана возраста составила 39 (27; 65) лет. С помощью гистологических, иммуногистохимических и морфометрических методик изучали площади красной и белой пульпы на срезе, а также клеточный состав в ткани селезенки на разных этапах иммунного ответа. Результаты. Установлено, что изменения морфометрических параметров белой и красной пульпы, а также ее составляющих зависят от степени активности иммунных процессов, происходящих в тканевых компартментах селезенки на различных этапах иммунного ответа. Выявлены различия в содержании клеточных элементов в изученных функциональных зонах органа. Выводы. Для исследования гистоархитектоники селезенки важно учитывать особенности миграции клеточных элементов, динамику и численность их распределения в белой пульпе и красной пульпе на основных этапах иммунного ответа, что, несомненно, влияет на массу органа и, соответственно, его функциональных компартментов. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для анализа гистоархитектоники селезенки и изучения ее клеточного состава при диагностике заболеваний с поражением органов иммунной системы. Objective - to determine the characteristic features of the human spleen histoarchitectonics in correlation with the main stages of the immune response. Material and methods. The work was performed on the autopsy material of spleen taken from 20 people, who had no history of the pathology of the hematopoietic system. The median age was 39 (27; 65) years. Histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric study of white and red pulp areas and cellular composition of spleen at different stages of immune response was carried out. Results. It was found that changes in the morphometric para­meters of white and red pulp, as well as its components, depended on the degree of activity of the immune processes that occur in tissue compartments of the spleen at various stages of the immune response. Differences in the content of cellular elements in the functional zones of the organ were revealed. Conclusions. To study the histoarchitectonics of the spleen, it is important to take into account the specifics of the migration of cellular elements, the dynamics and abundance of their distribution in white and red pulp at the main stages of the immune response, which undoubtedly affects the mass of the organ and, accordingly, its functional compartments. The results can be used to analyze the histoarchitectonics of the spleen and study its cellular composition in the diagnosis of diseases causing damage to the organs of the immune system.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells accumulate in spleens from chronically HIV-infected patients but barely participate in interferon-α expression

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (24) ◽  
pp. 6112-6119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelina Nascimbeni ◽  
Leïla Perié ◽  
Laurent Chorro ◽  
Seckou Diocou ◽  
Louis Kreitmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Functional Assay ◽  
Myeloid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Red Pulp

AbstractWe characterized the localization, phenotype, and some functions of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the human spleen. pDCs were localized in the marginal zone and the periarteriolar region. Some were also found in the red pulp. pDCs were immature by phenotypic labeling, consistently with their capacity to internalize Dextran in a functional assay. In spleens from HIV-infected patients with thrombocytopenic purpura, these characteristics were unaffected. However, an accumulation of pDCs, but not myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), was observed in some HIV+ patients, correlating with high proviral loads. Moreover, although undetectable in most HIV− patients, interferon-α (IFN-α) production was evidenced in situ and by flow cytometry in most HIV+ patients. IFN-α was located in the marginal zone. Surprisingly, IFN-α colocalized only with few pDCs, but rather with other cells, including T and B lymphocytes, mDCs, and macrophages. Therefore, pDCs accumulated in spleens from HIV+ patients with high proviral loads, but they did not seem to be the main IFN-α producers.

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