scholarly journals Shared Bacterial and Viral Respiratory Agents in Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis), Domestic Sheep (Ovis aries), and Goats (Capra hircus) in Montana

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Miller ◽  
Glen C. Weiser ◽  
Keith Aune ◽  
Brent Roeder ◽  
Mark Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ovis Canadensis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Transmission of infectious agents from livestock reservoirs has been hypothesized to cause respiratory disease outbreaks in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), and land management policies intended to limit this transmission have proven controversial. This cross-sectional study compares the infectious agents present in multiple populations of bighorn sheep near to and distant from their interface with domestic sheep (O. aries) and domestic goat (Capra hircus) and provides critical baseline information needed for interpretations of cross-species transmission risks. Bighorn sheep and livestock shared exposure to Pasteurellaceae, viral, and endoparasite agents. In contrast, although the impact is uncertain,Mycoplasmasp. was isolated from livestock but not bighorn sheep. These results may be the result of historic cross-species transmission of agents that has resulted in a mosaic of endemic and exotic agents. Future work using longitudinal and multiple population comparisons is needed to rigorously establish the risk of outbreaks from cross-species transmission of infectious agents.

scholarly journals Differences in leukocyte differentiation molecule abundances on domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) neutrophils identified by flow cytometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Highland ◽  
David A. Schneider ◽  
Stephen N. White ◽  
Sally A. Madsen-Bouterse ◽  
Donald P. Knowles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Ovis Canadensis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep

scholarly journals Microstructure and mechanical properties of different keratinous horns

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (143) ◽  
pp. 20180093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchen Zhang ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Cheryl Hayashi ◽  
John Gatesy ◽  
Joanna McKittrick
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mountain Goat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Horn Core

Animal horns play an important role during intraspecific combat. This work investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of horns from four representative ruminant species: the bighorn sheep ( Ovis canadensis ), domestic sheep ( Ovis aries ), mountain goat ( Oreamnos americanus ) and pronghorn ( Antilocapra americana ), aiming to understand the relation between evolved microstructures and mechanical properties. Microstructural similarity is found where disc-shaped keratin cells attach edge-to-edge along the growth direction of the horn core (longitudinal direction) forming a lamella; multiple lamellae are layered face to face along the impact direction (radial direction, perpendicular to horn core growth direction), forming a wavy pattern surrounding a common feature, the tubules. Differences among species include the number and shape of the tubules, the orientation of aligned lamellae and the shape of keratin cells. Water absorption tests reveal that the pronghorn horn has the largest water-absorbing ability due to the presence of nanopores in the keratin cells. The loading direction (compressive and tensile) and level of hydration vary among the horns from different species. The differences in mechanical properties among species may relate to their different fighting behaviours: high stiffness and strength in mountain goat to support the forces during stabbing; high tensile strength in pronghorn for interlocked pulling; impact energy absorption properties in domestic and bighorn sheep to protect the skull during butting. These design rules based on evolutionary modifications among species can be applied in synthetic materials to meet different mechanical requirements.

Identification of novel variants of interferon-tau gene in Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis mexicana), Pelibuey sheep (Ovis aries) and its expression in hybrid blastocysts (Ovis canadensis × Ovis aries)

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Palma-Irizarry ◽  
P. Damian-Matsumura ◽  
M. Betancourt ◽  
S. Romo ◽  
G. Perales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Ovis Canadensis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Pelibuey Sheep ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Ovis Canadensis Mexicana

Palma-Irizarry, M., Damian-Matsumura, P., Betancourt, M., Romo, S., Perales, G., Lagunas-Martínez, A., Madrid-Marina, M. V., Mejía, O. and Ducolomb, Y. 2012. Identification of novel variants of interferon-tau gene in Bighorn sheep ( Ovis canadensis mexicana ), Pelibuey sheep ( Ovis aries ) and its expression in hybrid blastocysts ( Ovis canadensis×Ovis aries ). Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 275–283. The major signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) in ruminants is interferon-tau (IFNT). Four novel sequences of the IFNT gene were isolated from genomic DNA obtained from blood samples of Bighorn, Pelibuey or the hybrid ewes. The deduced amino acid sequence of the hybrid ewe showed 100% identity with one Bighorn sheep IFNT sequence, suggesting that this sequence was inherited from Bighorn sheep. The high degree of identity between Pelibuey and Bighorn sheep sequences could be a possible explanation for the successful MRP in some Bighorn hybrid pregnancies. In vivo and in vitro domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and hybrid sheep (Ovis aries×Ovis canadensis) blastocysts were obtained, and IFNT expression was measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR. In vivo and in vitro hybrid blastocysts showed lower expression of IFNT when compared with domestic blastocysts. In conclusion this study showed that there exists an effect of hybridization on IFNT expression and this can affect the MRP.

scholarly journals Survival of Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) Commingled with Domestic Sheep (Ovis aries) in the Absence of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Besser ◽  
E. Frances Cassirer ◽  
Catherine Yamada ◽  
Kathleen A. Potter ◽  
Caroline Herndon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Ovis Canadensis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Mycoplasma Ovipneumoniae

scholarly journals Differential pulmonary immunopathologic response of domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige C. Grossman ◽  
David A. Schneider ◽  
Donald P. Knowles ◽  
Margaret A. Highland
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Ovis Canadensis ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Lung Sample ◽  
Ffpe Tissues ◽  
Mycoplasma Ovipneumoniae

AbstractMycoplasma ovipneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen that can impact domestic sheep (Ovis aries; DS) and bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis; BHS). Experimental and field data have indicated BHS are more susceptible than DS to developing polymicrobial pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection. We hypothesized that DS and BHS have a differential immunopathologic pulmonary response to M. ovipneumoniae infection. A retrospective study was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lung tissue from DS and BHS without and with M. ovipneumoniae detected in the lung tissue (n=8 per group). While each M. ovipneumoniae positive lung sample had microscopic changes typical of infection, including hyperplasia of intrapulmonary bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and respiratory epithelium, DS exhibited a more robust and well-organized BALT formation as compared to BHS. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies reactive in FFPE tissues and specific for leukocyte and cytokine markers: T cell marker CD3, B cell markers CD20 and CD79a, macrophage markers CD163 and Iba1, and cytokine IL-17. Digital analysis was used to quantitate chromogen deposition in regions of interest (ROIs), including alveolar and bronchiolar areas, and bronchiolar subregions (epithelium and BALT). Main effects and interaction of species and infection status were analyzed by beta regression and Bonferroni corrections were performed on pairwise comparisons (PBon<0.05 significance). Significant species differences were identified for bronchiolar CD3 (PBon=0.0023) and CD163 (PBon=0.0224), alveolar CD163 (PBon=0.0057), and for IL-17 in each of the ROIs (alveolar: PBon=0.0009; BALT: PBon=0.0083; epithelium: PBon=0.0007). Infected BHS had a higher abundance of bronchiolar CD3 (PBon=0.0005) and CD163 (PBon=0.0162), and alveolar CD163 (PBon=0.0073). While IL-17 significantly increased with infection in BHS BALT (PBon=0.0179) and alveolar (0.0006) ROIs, abundance in DS showed an insignificant decrease in these ROIs and a significant decrease in epithelial abundance (PBon=0.0019). These findings support the hypothesis that DS and BHS have a differential immunopathologic response to M. ovipneumoniae infection.

Multidisciplinary team decision is rare and decreasing in percutaneous vascular interventions despite positive impact on in-hospital outcomes

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian-Alexander Behrendt ◽  
Tilo Kölbel ◽  
Thea Schwaneberg ◽  
Holger Diener ◽  
Ralf Hohnhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Team Decision ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Background: Worldwide prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasing and peripheral vascular intervention (PVI) has become the primary invasive treatment. There is evidence that multidisciplinary team decision-making (MTD) has an impact on in-hospital outcomes. This study aims to depict practice patterns and time changes regarding MTD of different medical specialties. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study design. 20,748 invasive, percutaneous PVI of PAD conducted in the metropolitan area of Hamburg (Germany) were consecutively collected between January 2004 and December 2014. Results: MTD prior to PVI was associated with lower odds of early unsuccessful termination of the procedures (Odds Ratio 0.662, p < 0.001). The proportion of MTD decreased over the study period (30.9 % until 2009 vs. 16.6 % from 2010, p < 0.001) while rates of critical limb-threatening ischemia (34.5 % vs. 42.1 %), patients´ age (70 vs. 72 years), PVI below-the-knee (BTK) (13.2 % vs. 22.4 %), and rates of severe TASC C/D lesions BTK (43.2 % vs. 54.2 %) increased (all p < 0.001). Utilization of MTD was different between medical specialties with lowest frequency in procedures performed by internists when compared to other medical specialties (7.1 % vs. 25.7 %, p < 0.001). Conclusions: MTD prior to PVI is associated with technical success of the procedure. Nonetheless, rates of MTD prior to PVI are decreasing during the study period. Future studies should address the impact of multidisciplinary vascular teams on long-term outcomes.

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