scholarly journals Microalgal taxonomic diversity from shallow acidophilus freshwater bodies from the south of Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207
Author(s):  
Mariela A. González ◽  
Ingrid De L. Inostroza ◽  
Visitación Conforti ◽  
Enrique Ascencio
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
The South ◽  
Freshwater Bodies

scholarly journals Population systems of Eurasian water frogs (Pelophylax) in the south of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162
Author(s):  
N. M. Suriadna ◽  
G. I. Mykytynets ◽  
M. Pupiņš ◽  
V. Y. Gasso
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Large Rivers ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
The South ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
Water Frogs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Freshwater Bodies

Ecological and evolutionary consequences of population-genetic processes that occur because of natural cross-species hybridization can show mechanisms of overcoming the reproductive barrier and obtaining the species status by a hybrid taxon. This is clearly seen in the population systems of Eurasian water frogs – Pelophylax esculentus complex. The P. esculentus (E) hybrid usually discards one of the parental genomes of P. lessonae (L) or P. ridibundus (R) and reproduces semi-clonally. The genetic structure and direction of gene flows precisely depend on the type and distribution of mixed or pure population systems of water frogs. Three population systems in the south of Ukraine were identified and confirmed as RR, RE and REL. The populations of P. ridibundus are most common (76.2%). A mixed population systems of P. ridibundus and P. esculentus (20.0%) are concentrated in the floodplains of large rivers where triploids were found and the unisexual hybrids (1.0♂ : 0.1♀) were proved. Parent species populations having different ploidy of P. esculentus such as 3n and for the first time 4n were found. A mixed system of three taxa (REL) is rare (3.8%) and locally concentrated in the lower Danube and Dnieper with the smallest proportion of P. lessonae. We did not find populations of P. lessonae (LL), P. esculentus (EE, very rare system of hybrids only), and two mixed populations of parental species RL and semi-clonal LE in the south of Ukraine, but they are known for northern areas. The high number of P. ridibundus tends to decrease; the scarce P. esculentus and the extremely rare P. lessonae require special conservation measures. P. ridibundus (RR) occupies a wide range of diverse natural, permanent, temporary, coastal, continental, and artificial freshwater bodies, including synanthropic ecosystems. Mixed population systems inhabit willow and poplar forests in the floodplains of large rivers. In the south of Ukraine rare and isolated populations of the water frogs occurring outside the main range can be relict. Biotopic preferences, ratio and number of constituent taxa are crucial for an adequate assessment of biological (taxonomic) diversity and development of an appropriate strategy for the population systems’ conservation. Such characteristics as unisexuality of hybrids, their spreading patterns, specific sex structure and ploidy in different population systems of the P. esculentus complex contribute to the understanding of the hybridogenetic dynamics; produce new tendencies of becoming independent hybridogenous taxa and emergence of new evolutionary relationships.

Taxonomic diversity of fish species in the Daya Bay, the South China Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na-na LI ◽  
Li-na DONG ◽  
Yong-zhen LI ◽  
Hong AI ◽  
Xia LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
South China ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea

scholarly journals Shedding Light on the Taxonomic Diversity of the South American Miocene Caimans: The Status of Melanosuchus fisheri (Crocodylia, Alligatoroidea)

Ameghiniana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Bona ◽  
M. Victoria Fernandez Blanco ◽  
Torsten M. Schever ◽  
Christian Both
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
The Status

scholarly journals Taxonomic diversity of macrandrous species of Oedogonium Link ex Hirn (Chlorophyceae: Oedogoniales) with emphasis on ecology from Hooghly, West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 443-460
Author(s):  
Nilu Halder
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Oedogonium Cardiacum ◽  
Limnological Parameters

The present paper includes detail taxonomic features of nine taxa of Oedogonium Link ex Hirn (Chlorophyceae: Oedogoniales) collected from Hooghly district, West Bengal, India. These taxa are Oedogonium bharuchae N.D. Kamat, Oedogonium cardiacum f. pulchellum Hirn, Oedogonium crispum var. pyriforme (Wittr. ex Hirn) A.K.M.N. Islam et P. Sarma, Oedogonium gunnii Wittr. ex Hirn, Oedogonium khannae f. minus Gonzalves et S.C. Jain, Oedogonium nanum Wittr. ex Hirn, Oedogonium pratense Trans., Oedogonium rivulare A. Br. ex Hirn and Oedogonium vaucheri A. Br. ex Hirn. All those taxa were found to grow epiphytically on the leaves and stems of submerged hydrophytes as filaments in quiet lentic freshwater bodies after the end of rainy season. Twelve limnological parameters like temperature, pH, DO, BOD, COD, NO3-N, PO43-, Cl-, free CO2, TDS, total hardness and turbidity of algal habitats were analyzed and found conducive for their occurrence and growth up to maturity (formation of fertile structures). The result of limnological study also indicated that all these species preferred to grow alkaline pH, less turbid and hard water. Studied limnological parameters recorded as water temperature: 17.5 oC-20 oC, pH range from 7.1-7.6, high dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration 6.4-7.2 mg.L^-1, BOD values < 20.0 mg.L^-1, moderate COD values and lower nutrient levels with other parameters like Cl-, free CO2, TDS, turbidity as 6.8-9.0 NTU and also hard nature of water ranged from 120-204 mg.L^-1.

EVOLUÇÃO DA ICTIOFAUNA DE RIACHOS SUL-AMERICANOS (CASTRO, 1999) REVISITADO APÓS MAIS DE DUAS DÉCADAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Ricardo Macedo Corrêa e Castro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Size ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
South American ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
The South ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
The Family ◽  
Respective Species

A little more than 20 years after the first publication of Castro (1999), the knowledge of the South American freshwater ichthyofauna, especially that of Brazil, has increased dramatically. This increase occurred both in terms of knowledge of its taxonomic diversity - in 1999, based on various sources in the scientific literature, a total of 2,800 species of South American freshwater fish was estimated, and a total of near 3,500 species it is currently known from Brazil alone - as to the knowledge of its evolution and also ecology. Consequently, all the hypotheses originally proposed in that paper are reexamined and critically discussed here considering this new knowledge accumulated in the past nearly two decades. Although the original 1999 hypothesis that the small adult size of their respective species is a general evolutionary pattern shared by the South American stream ichthyofauna has been firmly corroborated by several studies carried out in many regions of Brazil, the different patterns associated with most of the species of stream fish originally proposed are discussed in this chapter in the light of the new accumulated knowledge about their biology and ecology. Likewise, the possible role of heterochrony in their respective evolution is critically analyzed in the context of the great advance that has occurred in understanding the phylogenetic relationships of component taxa of freshwater neotropical ichthyofauna, using mainly the family Characidae as a possible model. Finally, a recent intriguing idea of the role of respiratory physiology in determining both the maximum size of teleost fish and their patterns of environmental occupation is examined in relation to its possible effect in the evolution of South American stream ichthyofauna.

Flies and flowers: taxonomic diversity of anthophiles and pollinators

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M.H. Larson ◽  
P.G. Kevan ◽  
D.W. Inouye
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
The South ◽  
African Flora ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Flower Visiting

AbstractThe Diptera are the second most important order among flower-visiting (anthophilous) and flower-pollinating insects worldwide. Their taxonomic diversity ranges from Nematocera to Brachycera, including most families within the suborders. Especially important are Syrphidae, Bombyliidae, and Muscoidea. Other families, especially of small flies, are less appreciated and often overlooked for their associations with flowers. We have compiled records of their flower visitations to show that they may be more prevalent than usually thought. Our knowledge of anthophilous Diptera needs to be enhanced by future research concerning (i) the significance of nocturnal Nematocera and acalypterate muscoids as pollinators, (ii) the extent to which the relatively ineffective pollen-carrying ability of some taxa can be compensated by the abundance of individuals, and (iii) the role of Diptera as pollinators of the first flowering plants (Angiospermae) by using phylogenetic and palaeontological evidence. Specializations in floral relationships involve the morphology of Diptera, especially of their mouthparts, nutritional requirements, and behaviour, as well as concomitant floral attributes. The South African flora has the most highly specialized relations with dipterous pollinators, but in arctic and alpine generalist fly–flower relations are important in pollination and fly nutrition.

scholarly journals flowDiv: a new pipeline for analyzing flow cytometric diversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno M Wanderley ◽  
Daniel SA Araújo ◽  
María V Quiroga ◽  
André M Amado ◽  
Adrião DD Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Flow Cytometry Data ◽  
R Language ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Biological Interpretation ◽  
Analytical Protocols

Flow cytometry (FCM) is a powerful analytical tool that is widely used worldwide, as it allows the depiction of the innate complexity of a vast range of biological systems in few seconds. It is a technique based on the spectroscopic properties of suspended particles that allows data to be graphically summarized by biplots, known as cytograms. Such versatility got raises to different analytical protocols which are commonly not interchangeable among expertise fields. In this sense, environmental sciences, in particular, faces major concerns when dealing with the adoption of non-specific protocols - a particularity essentially driven by the highly heterogeneous nature of environmental samples. Such intrinsic variety makes it difficult to adjust formal analytical protocols that both keep standardized mathematical rationales and retain a clear ecological meaning, namely when the focus of the analysis rely on the cytometric diversity - the quantitative evaluation of the differences among cytograms. Despite of the availability of promising tools conceived or adapted to approach cytometric diversity, most of them face common technical challenges, as perspective adjustment, dilution correction, resolution setup and enlightenment on the role of cytograms subregions to global diversity. To address such questions and harmonize formal mathematical rationales with coherent biological interpretation, we have developed flowDiv - a pipeline designed for environmental flow cytometry data analysis that handles data through consolidated macroecological methods to offer biologically apprehensive outputs. flowDiv was implemented using R language and has been published on CRAN (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/flowDiv/) with source code also available on GitHub (https://github.com/bmsw/flowDiv). Applied to a dataset from 31 freshwater bodies in Argentinian Patagonia, flowDiv uncovered significant aspects regrading environmental cytometric diversity, as its relation with taxonomic diversity and the role of environmental variables on cytometric diversity.

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