scholarly journals Chewing ability and desaturation during chewing in patients with COPD

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Terashima ◽  
Takahiro Nakajima ◽  
Tatsu Matsuzaki ◽  
Eri Iwami ◽  
Takeo Shibui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Gum Chewing ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Chewing Ability ◽  
The Mean

Chewing ability is essential to maintain nutrition status and can be associated with oral conditions, sarcopenia, and lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Herein, our pilot study investigated the chewing ability and degree of desaturation during chewing in patients with COPD (n = 41) and control subjects (n = 22). Subjects chewed a color-changing chewing gum for 1 minute and chewing ability was assessed by the color of the chewed gum, which was scored from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored using a pulse oximeter and the difference in SpO2 was determined by comparison between before and during chewing. The mean color score of the chewed gum was lower in the COPD group than in the control group (3.1±0.7 vs 4.2±0.9, p<0.0001). Muscle mass loss (p<0.05), <20 remaining teeth (p<0.005), and COPD (p<0.001) were risk factors for poor chewing ability. The mean SpO2 decreased by 0.78±1.46% during gum chewing for 1 min. The mean SpO2 during gum chewing (95.1±2.4%) was lower than before gum chewing (95.9±1.7%) (p<0.05). The reduction of SpO2 was greater in COPD patients who had fewer remaining teeth (p<0.05). COPD patients with SpO2 reduction >4% during the 6-minute walk test showed greater reduction during gum chewing (p<0.05). Our results suggest that COPD patients with fewer remaining teeth exhibit poor chewing ability and greater desaturation during chewing.

scholarly journals Methodological Fallacies in the Determination of Serum/Plasma Glutathione Limit Its Translational Potential in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1572
Author(s):  
Salvatore Sotgia ◽  
Alessandro G. Fois ◽  
Panagiotis Paliogiannis ◽  
Ciriaco Carru ◽  
Arduino A. Mangoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Plasma Glutathione ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to review and critically appraise the current methodological issues undermining the suitability of the measurement of serum/plasma glutathione, both in the total and reduced form, as a measure of systemic oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fourteen relevant articles published between 2001 and 2020, in 2003 subjects, 1111 COPD patients, and 892 controls, were reviewed. Nine studies, in 902 COPD patients and 660 controls, measured glutathione (GSH) in the reduced form (rGSH), while the remaining five, in 209 COPD patients and 232 controls, measured total GSH (tGSH). In the control group, tGSH ranged between 5.7 and 7.5 µmol/L, whilst in COPD patients, it ranged between 4.5 and 7.4 µmol/L. The mean tGSH was 6.6 ± 0.9 µmol/L in controls and 5.9 ± 1.4 µmol/L in patients. The concentrations of rGSH in the control group showed a wide range, between 0.47 and 415 µmol/L, and a mean value of 71.9 ± 143.1 µmol/L. Similarly, the concentrations of rGSH in COPD patients ranged between 0.49 and 279 µmol/L, with a mean value of 49.9 ± 95.9 µmol/L. Pooled tGSH concentrations were not significantly different between patients and controls (standard mean difference (SMD) = −1.92, 95% CI −1582 to 0.0219; p = 0.057). Depending on whether the mean concentrations of rGSH in controls were within the accepted normal range of 0.5–5.0 µmol/L, pooled rGSH concentrations showed either a significant (SMD = −3.8, 95% CI −2.266 to −0.709; p < 0.0001) or nonsignificant (SMD = −0.712, 95% CI −0.627 to 0.293; p = 0.48) difference. These results illustrate the existing and largely unaddressed methodological issues in the interpretation of the serum/plasma concentrations of tGSH and rGSH in COPD.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

scholarly journals Characteristics and outcomes in acute patients receiving mechanical ventilation in a Coronary Care Unit (CCU)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rivadeneira Ruiz ◽  
DF Arroyo Monino ◽  
T Seoane Garcia ◽  
MP Ruiz Garcia ◽  
JC Garcia Rubira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Coronary Care Unit ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coronary Care

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Objectives Mechanical ventilation is the short-term technical support most widely used and cardiac arrest its main indication in a Coronary Care Unit (CCU). However, the knowledge about the specific moment and ventilator mode of onset to avoid the acute lung injury is still equivocal. Our objective is to determine the survival rate and the prognostic factors in patients supported by mechanical ventilation. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to the CCU between January 2018 and November 2020 that received mechanical ventilation during the hospital stay. Results We collected 94 patients, 28% females with a median age of 68 ± 11,9. 43% were diabetics and almost one quarter of them had some degree of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Ischemic cardiopathy (33%) and heart failure (31%) were frequent pathologies as well as renal injury (29% patients a filtration rate below 45 mL/min/1,73m2). The reason for initiating mechanical ventilation was cardiac arrest in the half of the patients. Volume-controlled ventilation (73%) was the initial setting mode in most cases. The support with vasoactive drugs were highly necessary in these patients (Infection rate of 48%). In the subgroup analysis, we realized that the number of reintubations and the necessity of non-invasive ventilation were higher in the COPD group (p = 0,01), as well as tracheostomy (p = 0,03). COPD patients also needed higher maintaining PEEP, though this was not statistically significant. The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit of our cohort was 11 days (range: 1-78 days; median: 8 days) and the mean length of mechanical ventilation 6 days (range: 1-64 days; median: 3 days). The in-hospital mortality was 41,4%. Conclusions Cardiac arrest is the most common reason of mechanical ventilation support. Our study showed that COPD patients presented more complications during the weaning and the period after extubation. In-hospital mortality remains high in intubated patients.

The Effect of Telerehabilitation on Quality of Life, Exercise Capacity, and Spirometry Indexes in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Masih Daneshvari Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Ghadimi ◽  
Atefeh Fakharian ◽  
Mohsen Abedi ◽  
Reyhaneh Zahiri ◽  
Mahsan Norouz Afjeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) leads to limited activity and reduced quality of life. Treatment of this disease is a long-term process that requires the cooperation of patients in monitoring and treatment. Methods: In the present study which was conducted from April 2019 to March 2021 in Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 75 patients were randomly divided into telerehabilitation and control groups. Patients in the control group received pulmonary rehabilitation including respiratory, isometric, and aerobic exercises for 8 weeks, three times per week. In the second group, patients were given a lung rehabilitation booklet and asked to repeat the exercises three times a week for four weeks according to a specific schedule. In addition, patients installed Behzee care application on the mobile phone that recorded various indicators such as heart rate, SpO2, dyspnea, fatigue, and daily activities. This application reminded the patient of the program every day and at a specific time. Finally, the patients’ conditions were compared in the two groups after 8 weeks using CAT and mMRC questionnaires and 6-Minute Walk (6MW) exercise indices as well as spirometry tests. Results: In all four indicators (6MW, CAT,  and mMRC questionnaires as well as spirometry), patients showed improvement after rehabilitation (p<0.001). This improvement was significantly higher in the telemedicine group compared to the other group (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of telerehabilitation in COPD patients is effective in improving spirometry indices, quality of life, as well as activity and sports indices.

scholarly journals The Effects of Quercetinon Interleuikin (IL-8) Serum, %Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1), and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Scores in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Maratus Sholihah ◽  
Suradi Suradi ◽  
Jatu Aphridasari
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoke and noxious agent result in oxidative stress and activate release of inflammatory mediators such as Interleukin-8 (IL-8). Quercetin is a flavonoid compound containing anti-inflammatory effects which can be used as an adjuvant therapy in stable COPD. Objective: To analyze the effect of quercetin on serum IL-8 levels, % VEP1, and CAT score of stable COPD patients. Methods: Experimental clinical trial with pre-test and pasca-test design was performed in 30 patients with stable COPD in Dr. Moewardi Surakarta between December 2017 and January 2018. The samples taken by using purposive sampling were divided into two groups treatment groups received standard therapy and quercetin 500mg/day for 28 days and control groups only received standard therapy. The decrease in inflammation was measured by serum IL-8 examination, improvement of obstruction measured by %FEV1 and clinical improvement measured by CAT score. Results: IL-8 serum level was significantly lower in treatment group than of in control group (p=0,001). The percentage of FEV1 was insignificant different between the two group (p=0,236). However CAT score was significantly lower in treatment group compared to that of in control group (p=0,001) Conclusions: Quercetin can decrease IL-8 serum level and decrease CAT score when given in combination with standard therapy for COPD patients. (J Respir Indo 2019; 39(2))

Chronic Rhinosinusitis is Frequent in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Helen Steveling-Klein ◽  
Claudia Gerhards ◽  
Caroline Zaehringer ◽  
Nebal Abu Hussein ◽  
Selina Dürr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Abstract Background: Prevalence and impact of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain unclear. We hypothesized that CRS is more frequent in patients with COPD compared to controls and we aimed to evaluate the odds of CRS in both groups. Methods: We recruited patients with COPD and a healthy control group in a tertiary referral hospital in Switzerland. Diagnosis of CRS was defined according to published guidelines and supported by computed tomography (CT) findings. Sino-nasal-outcome-test-20 (SNOT-20) and sino-nasal-outcome-test-primary-nasal-symptom-score (SNOT-PNS-score) were self-assessed with a cut-off for abnormality of >12. Results: Data from 83 COPD patients (35 females, age: 67 years ± 10) and 34 controls (18 females, age: 67 years ± 12) were analyzed. In the COPD group 14 out of 83 (20.3%) fulfilled the diagnosis of CRS compared to only 1 out of 34 (3%) in the control group (OR 6.7; 95% CI 0.84-53.10; p = 0.064). Forty-eight COPD patients (59%) and 14 controls (41%) had an abnormal SNOT-20 score (OR 1.96; 95% CI 0.87-4.40; p=0.10), with a median score of 16.0 (ICR 21) in COPD patients compared to a median score of 8.0 (ICR 13) in controls (p=0.001). The SNOT-PNS-score was abnormal in 49 COPD patients (59%) and in 9 controls (26%) (OR 4.00; 95% CI 1.66-9.64; p=0.001). Abnormal findings of the upper airways did not correlate with COPD severity or smoking status. Conclusions: CRS was a frequent diagnosis in patients with COPD. CRS reduces quality of life in this patient group.

scholarly journals Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuksel Kaplan ◽  
Handan Inonu ◽  
Ayse Yilmaz ◽  
Serpil Ocal
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Group 1

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the relationship between RLS and clinical/laboratory findings of COPD.Methods:One hundred and thirty-four COPD patients without secondary causes of RLS were included. Thirty-nine (29.1%) patients were diagnosed with RLS and classified as Group 1. The control group consisted of 65 age-matched COPD patients without RLS. Group 1 was divided into subgroups according to the Johns Hopkins Severity (JHS) scale. Patients with a score of 0, 1, or 2 were classified as JHS 0-2 and those with a score of 3 as JHS 3. Group 1 and the control group and subgroups were compared for clinical and laboratory characteristics.Results:We found that the duration of COPD was longer and that airway obstruction, hypercapnia, and hypoxia were more evident in patients with RLS than those without. Similar differences were also detected between JHS subgroups 3 (more severe) and 0-2. Polyneuropathy frequency was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to controls. However, Group 1 subgroups showed a similar frequency of polyneuropathy. In a multivariate analysis, hypercapnia made a significant independent contribution to both JHS 0-2 and JHS 3 patients when RLS severity was set as the dependent variable. Polyneuropathy and the duration of COPD were significant independent variables for patients in the JHS 3 subgroup. Polyneuropathy was the strongest predictor for the JHS 3 patients.Conclusions:We conclude that RLS is frequent in COPD, particularly in patients with severe hypoxemia/hypercapnia and in late stages of the disease.

scholarly journals Meal Induced Oxygen Desaturation and Dyspnea in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Wolkove ◽  
Li Yi Fu ◽  
Ashok Purohit ◽  
Antoinette Colacone ◽  
Harvey Kreisman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severe Copd

OBJECTIVE: To study arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) obtained by pulse oximetry and dyspnea during active eating (AE) and passive eating (PE) in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DESIGN: Patients were studied on two consecutive days with AE and PE, which occurred in random order. SpO2was recorded for 20 mins before and during eating, and dyspnea was recorded by the patient using a 10 cm visual analogue scale before and upon completion of eating.SETTING: Subjects were in-patients at an intermediate care facility who were hospitalized for pulmonary rehabilitation or for convalescence after an exacerbation of COPD.POPULATION STUDIED: Thirty-five patients with severe COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1] less than 50% predicted, FEV1to forced vital capacity ratio less than 65%) were studied. Mean age was 70.5±7.1 years.MAIN RESULTS: Mean SpO2decreased significantly (P<0.05) from 91.7±3.4% to 90.1±4.0% during AE, and 91.7±3.2% to 90.8±3.6% during PE. Mean lowest SpO2was lower and percentage of time with SpO2less than 90% was greater during eating compared with corresponding control periods during both AE and PE. Dyspnea increased significantly (P<0.05) from 1.4±1.2 to 3.3±2.3 cm during AE, and from 1.5±1.5 to 2.4±2.2 cm during PE. The increase in dyspnea was significantly greater during AE than PE.CONCLUSIONS: Eating is an activity that can adversely affect SpO2and increase dyspnea in patients with severe COPD. Oxygen desaturation and particularly increased dyspnea may at least in part relate to the recruitment of upper extremity muscles during eating.

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