Parkinson’s disease: an inquiry into the etiology and treatment

Parkinson’s disease affects over one million people in the United States. Although there have been remarkable advances in uncovering the pathogenesis of this disabling disorder, the etiology is speculative. Medical treatment and operative procedures provide symptomatic relief only. Compression of the cerebral peduncle of the midbrain by the posterior cerebral artery in a patient with Parkinson’s Disease (Parkinson’s Disease) was noted on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and at operation in a patient with trigeminal neuralgia. Following the vascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve, the midbrain was decompressed by mobilizing and repositioning the posterior cerebral artery The patient's Parkinson's signs disappeared over a 48-hour period. They returned 18 months later with contralateral peduncle compression. A blinded evaluation of MRI scans of Parkinson's patients and controls was performed. MRI scans in 20 Parkinson's patients and 20 age and sex matched controls were evaluated in blinded fashion looking for the presence and degree of arterial compression of the cerebral peduncle. The MRI study showed that 73.7 percent of Parkinson's Disease patients had visible arterial compression of the cerebral peduncle. This was seen in only 10 percent of control patients (two patients, one of whom subsequently developed Parkinson’s Disease); thus 5 percent. Vascular compression of the cerebral peduncle by the posterior cerebral artery may be associated with Parkinson’s Disease in some patients. Microvascular decompression of that artery away from the peduncle may be considered for treatment of Parkinson’s Disease in some patients.

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The mean velocity of posterior cerebral artery and basilar artery in Parkinson's disease with sleep disorders

Medicina Clínica Práctica ◽

10.1016/j.mcpsp.2021.100207 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 100207

Author(s):

Muhammad Iqbal Basri ◽

Ida Farida ◽

Yudy Goysal ◽

Jumraini Tammasse ◽

Muhammad Akbar

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Basilar Artery ◽

Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Mean Velocity ◽

The Mean

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Microsurgical Treatment of Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm (P2P Segment): Case Report and Review of the Literature

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia Brazilian Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1675366 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (04) ◽

pp. 343-348

Author(s):

Lucas Meguins ◽

Antônio Spotti ◽

Jean de Oliveira ◽

Carlos Pereira ◽

Ronaldo Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Artery Aneurysm ◽

Saccular Aneurysm ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Uneventful Recovery ◽

Cerebral Peduncle ◽

Vast Number ◽

The Right

Introduction Aneurysms of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) represent ∼ 1% of all intracranial aneurysms and usually present with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Objective The aim of the present study is to describe the case of an adult man presenting a saccular aneurysm of the right PCA at the posterior half of the postcommunicating (P2P) segment, and to discuss the technical nuances of the approach and of the clipping process. Case Report An investigation of a chronic headache in a 55-year-old man found a saccular aneurysm located just posterior to the most lateral portion of the right cerebral peduncle. A digital subtraction arteriography revealed a 7.8 mm × 5.6 mm × 4.8 mm posterior-medial projecting aneurysm of the right PCA at the P2P segment. A subtemporal approach was performed with partial aspiration of the right parahippocampal gyrus for a better exposure of the vascular structures. A proximal temporary occlusion of the PCA was performed at the anterior half of the postcommunicating P2A segment. The aneurysm was clipped with two semi-curved clips. The patient presented an uneventful recovery and was discharged from the hospital on the third postoperative day without any additional neurological deficits. Conclusion Aneurysms of the PCA are an uncommon vascular disease that challenges the ability of the neurosurgeons due to their many anatomical nuances, to their vast number of perforators, and to the risk of bleeding. However, the operative management of aneurysms of the PCA is technically feasible, safe and effective when performed respecting microsurgical principles.

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A functional MRI study of automatic movements in patients with Parkinson's disease

Brain ◽

10.1093/brain/awh569 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 128 (10) ◽

pp. 2250-2259 ◽

Cited By ~ 272

Author(s):

Tao Wu ◽

Mark Hallett

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Functional Mri ◽

Mri Study

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P146 Human body fat percentage determination in Parkinson’s disease: A pilot MRI study

Basal Ganglia ◽

10.1016/j.baga.2011.01.066 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

A. Unrath ◽

H.-P. Müller ◽

F. Raudies ◽

H. Neumann ◽

A.C. Ludolph ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Body Fat ◽

Human Body ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Mri Study

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Palliative Care in End-Stage Neurological Disease

Hospice and Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care Flashcards ◽

10.1093/med/9780190633066.003.0036 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Tobias Walbert ◽

Joel Phillips

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Symptom Management ◽

Neurological Diseases ◽

The United States ◽

Pain Syndromes ◽

End Stage ◽

Chronic Course

Neurological disorders are among the leading causes of morbidity and death worldwide. Although stroke is the third leading cause of death, after heart disease and cancer, in the United States, other neurological diseases have a more chronic course that leads to protracted disability, morbidity, and death. Unfortunately, for many of these disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), no cure is currently available. Patients suffer from dysarthria, dysphagia, muscle spasm, bladder and bowel difficulties, pain syndromes, and fatigue. Adequate symptom management and palliative care have the potential to maintain good quality of life for patients for as long as possible and ease the burden on both caregivers and patients. This chapter outlines the principles of clinical symptom management for some of the most important neurological diseases, specifically ALS, stroke, MS, and Parkinson’s disease.

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Detection of Parkinson’s Disease from 3T T1 Weighted MRI Scans Using 3D Convolutional Neural Network

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10060402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 402

Author(s):

Sabyasachi Chakraborty ◽

Satyabrata Aich ◽

Hee-Cheol Kim

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Dopaminergic Neurons ◽

Aging Population ◽

Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽

Progressive Loss ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the aging population and is caused by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). With the onset of the disease, the patients suffer from mobility disorders such as tremors, bradykinesia, impairment of posture and balance, etc., and it progressively worsens in the due course of time. Additionally, as there is an exponential growth of the aging population in the world the number of people suffering from Parkinson’s Disease is increasing and it levies a huge economic burden on governments. However, until now no therapeutic method has been discovered for completely eradicating the disease from a person’s body after it’s onset. Therefore, the early detection of Parkinson’s Disease is of paramount importance to tackle the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in patients to serve them with a better life. In this study, 3T T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database of 406 subjects from baseline visit, where 203 were healthy and 203 were suffering from Parkinson’s Disease. Following data pre-processing, a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture was developed for learning the intricate patterns in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans for the detection of Parkinson’s Disease. In the end, it was observed that the developed 3D CNN model performed superiorly by completely aligning with the hypothesis of the study and plotted an overall accuracy of 95.29%, average recall of 0.943, average precision of 0.927, average specificity of 0.9430, f1-score of 0.936, and Receiver Operating Characteristic—Area Under Curve (ROC-AUC) score of 0.98 for both the classes respectively.

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Unmasking Parkinson’s Disease: The Relationship of Grit, Exercise, and Quality of Life

Journal of Patient Experience ◽

10.1177/2374373520937171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 1732-1739

Author(s):

Susan G Klappa ◽

Julie A I Thompson ◽

Stuart Blatt

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Support Groups ◽

Physical Therapists ◽

The United States ◽

Community Based ◽

Coping Responses ◽

Home Based

The purpose of this study was to investigate grit, exercise, and quality of life (QOL) among individuals diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD). A sample of convenience was used. A survey which included the grit scale, QOL scale, and open-ended questions was distributed to participants (n = 101, 51 male and 50 female) who are members of online PD support groups across the United States. Data were analyzed by SPSS 25. Grit values averaged 3.65 ± 0.51 for participants (n = 101). When divided into groups, mean grit score for community-based exercisers was 3.78 ± 0.42 and 3.10 ± 0.48 for home-based exercisers. Grit was positively correlated to higher QOL on the Parkinson’s disease quality of life (PDQL; r = +0.293, P = .004). Grit was positively correlated to the emotional component of the PDQL ( r = +0.462, P < .001). Participants with higher grit levels had higher emotional coping responses after being diagnosed with PD, exercised more, and were more willing to self-advocate. With limited rehabilitation visits allowed, physical therapists should be aware of community-based programs to redefine participation roles after diagnosis.

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