scholarly journals Lower Limb Kinematics and Dynamic Postural Stability in Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Reconstructed Female Athletes

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamonn Delahunt ◽  
Mark Chawke ◽  
Judy Kelleher ◽  
Katie Murphy ◽  
Anna Prendiville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Dynamic Postural Stability ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics

Context: Deficits in lower limb kinematics and postural stability are predisposing factors to the development of knee ligamentous injury. The extent to which these deficits are present after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is still largely unknown. The primary hypothesis of the present study was that female athletes who have undergone ACL reconstruction and who have returned to sport participation would exhibit deficits in dynamic postural stability as well as deficiencies in hip- and knee-joint kinematics when compared with an age-, activity-, and sex-matched uninjured control group. Objective: To investigate dynamic postural stability as quantified by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and simultaneous hip- and knee-joint kinematic profiles in female athletes who have undergone ACL reconstruction. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: University motion-analysis laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Fourteen female athletes who had previously undergone ACL reconstruction (ACL-R) and 17 age- and sex-matched uninjured controls. Intervention(s): Each participant performed 3 trials of the anterior, posterior-medial, and posterior-lateral directional components of the SEBT. Main Outcome Measure(s): Reach distances for each directional component were quantified and expressed as a percentage of leg length. Simultaneous hip- and knee-joint kinematic profiles were recorded using a motion-analysis system. Results: The ACL-R group had decreased reach distances on the posterior-medial (P < .01) and posterior-lateral (P < .01) directional components of the SEBT. During performance of the directional components of the SEBT, ACL-R participants demonstrated altered hip-joint frontal-, sagittal-, and transverse-plane kinematic profiles (P < .05), as well as altered knee-joint sagittal-plane kinematic profiles (P < .05). Conclusions: Deficits in dynamic postural stability and concomitant altered hip- and knee-joint kinematics are present after ACL reconstruction and return to competitive activity. The extent to which these deficits influence potential future injury is worthy of investigation.

Decreased Postural Control in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Compared to Healthy Controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 920-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon R. Staples ◽  
Kevin A. Schafer ◽  
Matthew V. Smith ◽  
John Motley ◽  
Mark Halstead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Dynamic Postural Stability

Context: Patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are likely to have deficient dynamic postural stability compared with healthy sex- and age-matched controls. Objectives: To test the hypothesis that patients undergoing ACL reconstruction have decreased dynamic postural stability compared with matched healthy controls. Design: Prospective case-control study. Setting: Orthopedic sports medicine and physical therapy clinics. Patients or Other Participants: Patients aged 20 years and younger with an ACL tear scheduled for reconstruction were enrolled prospectively. Controls were recruited from local high schools and colleges via flyers. Interventions: Patients underwent double-stance dynamic postural stability testing prior to surgery, recording time to failure and dynamic motion analysis (DMA) scores. Patients were then matched with healthy controls. Main Outcome Measures: Demographics, time to failure, and DMA scores were compared between groups. Results: A total of 19 females and 12 males with ACL tears were matched with controls. Individuals with ACL tears were more active (Marx activity score: 15.7 [1.0] vs 10.8 [4.9], P < .001); had shorter times until test failure (84.4 [15.8] vs 99.5 [14.5] s, P < .001); and had higher (worse) DMA scores (627 [147] vs 481 [132], P < .001), indicating less dynamic postural stability. Six patients with ACL deficiency (1 male and 5 females) demonstrated lower (better) DMA scores than their controls, and another 7 (4 males and 3 females) were within 20% of controls. Conclusions: Patients undergoing ACL reconstruction had worse global dynamic postural stability compared with well-matched controls. This may represent the effect of the ACL injury or preexisting deficits that contributed to the injury itself. These differences should be studied further to evaluate their relevance to ACL injury risk, rehabilitation, and return to play.

The Effects of Instruction Exercises on Performance and Kinetic Factors Associated With Lower-Extremity Injury in Landing After Volleyball Blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Anis Rostami ◽  
Amir Letafatkar ◽  
Alli Gokeler ◽  
Mehdi Khaleghi Tazji
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Dynamic Postural Stability

Context: Female volleyball players are more predisposed to anterior cruciate ligament injury in comparison with their male counterparts. Recent research on anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention strategies has shown the positive results of adopting the external focus (EF) of attention in sports. Objective: To determine the effect of 6-week EF instruction exercises on performance and kinetic factors associated with lower-extremity injury in landing after the volleyball blocks of female athletes. Design: Pretest and posttest control study. Setting: University research laboratory. Participants: Thirty-two female volleyball players (18–24 y old) from the same team randomly divided into experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 16) groups. Intervention: The experimental group performed a 6-week exercise program with EF instructions. The control group continued its regular volleyball team schedule. Main Outcome Measures: To assess function, single-leg triple hop test for distance was used. A force plate was used to evaluate kinetic variables including vertical ground reaction forces, the rate of loading, and dynamic postural stability index. All data were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Results: There was a significant increase in single-leg triple hop test (P < .05) and in the first and second peak ground reaction force, rate of loadings, dynamic postural stability index (P < .05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programs should incorporate EF instruction exercises to enhance the kinetics and to increase athletes’ functional performance.

scholarly journals Effective Graft Preservation by Following a Standard Protocol for the Treatment of Knee Joint Infection after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1111-1120
Author(s):  
Robin Otchwemah ◽  
Jan-Hendrik Naendrup ◽  
Frauke Mattner ◽  
Thorsten Tjardes ◽  
Holger Bäthis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Graft Preservation ◽  
Knee Joint Infection ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

AbstractKnee joint infections constitute a rare but devastating complication after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. We hypothesized that effective infection therapy and graft preservation is possible following a standard treatment protocol. We retrospectively analyzed all patients admitted to our center with suspected infection of the knee after ACL reconstruction between 2010 and 2012. Following a standardized protocol, blood samples were drawn and synovial fluid was analyzed. Furthermore, the protocol consisted of arthroscopic lavages and debridements of the anterior and posterior joint compartments over three incisions, and targeted antibiotic therapy over a period of 6 weeks. Surgeries were repeated every 2 days until clinical signs of infections resolved, but at least two times. Mean observation period was 10 months. Forty-one patients aged 31 ( ±  9.9) years and admitted 14 ( ±  7.5) days after ACL reconstruction were included. Pathogens were found in 34 patients and coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated most commonly (31 isolates in 28 patients). Quinolones were the most commonly used antibiotic agents. Mean number of operations was 3.8 ( ± 1.4). Following the standard protocol, primary successful infection treatment with graft preservation was possible in 37 of the included 41 patients. Graft preservation was achieved in 100% of the included patients with Gaechter stage 1 and 2 infections. Knee joint infection after ACL reconstruction was successfully treated following a standardized protocol, and graft preservation was reliably achieved especially in cases with infections at an early stage.

scholarly journals The Influence of Ski Waist-Width and Fatigue on Knee-Joint Stability and Skier’s Balance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7766
Author(s):  
Martin Zorko ◽  
Karmen Hirsch ◽  
Nejc Šarabon ◽  
Matej Supej
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
The State ◽  
Alpine Skiing ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics

Alpine skiing is a complex sport that demands a high level of motor control and balance. In general, skiers are prone to deterioration in the state of fatigue due to using inappropriate equipment. As a consequence, the risk of injury might increase. This study aimed to examine the influence of fatigue and ski waist-width on knee-joint stability and skier’s balance. A laboratory skiing simulation in a quasistatic ski-turning position was conducted where the lower-limb kinematics was recorded using an optical system, and the balance-determining parameters were captured using a force plate. It was demonstrated that the knee-joint kinematics and skier’s balance were hampered in the state of fatigue, as well as when using skis with a large waist-width. The results of the study suggest avoiding the fatigue state and the use of skis having a large waist-width while skiing on hard surfaces to decrease the risk of injury.

A Novel Joint Loading System to Investigate the Effect of Daily Mechanical Load on a Healing Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Stasiak ◽  
Peter Torzilli ◽  
Carl Imhauser ◽  
Jonathan Packer ◽  
Asheesh Bedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Joint Distraction ◽  
The Us ◽  
Loading System ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

A novel system was developed to investigate the effect of mechanical load on tendon to bone healing, using a rat model of ACL reconstruction. A greater understanding of the effects of mechanical load may improve rehabilitation practices for the more than 100,000 ACL reconstructions each year in the US alone.[1] The purpose of this study was to assess: the accuracy of knee joint distraction, variability in fixator compliance, and ability of animals to tolerate the fixator over a typical loading protocol.

Reducing The Risk Of ACL Injury In Female Athletes

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Larry W. McDaniel ◽  
Adrienna Rasche ◽  
Laura Gaudet ◽  
Allen Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Below The Knee ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Additional Level ◽  
Prevention Methods

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is located behind the kneecap (patella) and connects the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia). Stabilizing the knee joint is the primary responsibility of the ACL. Injuries that affect the ACL are three to five times more common in females than males. This is a result of anatomical, biomechanical, strength, and hormonal differences. The probability of potentially devastating tears to the ACL may be reduced in female athletes by an alternative warm-up program that focuses on muscle flexibility, strength, motor skill, and balance enhancement. Once the ACL has been torn, it becomes impossible to reattach or stitch the ligament back together.  The blood supply in this area of the body is diminished and the tissue becomes nonviable. Reconstruction of the ACL involves attaching the ligament to another tendon from the hamstring, just below the knee. Although reconstruction and treatment of ACL injuries are available, much unnecessary pain, money, and time may be wasted during these procedures. It is important to be aware of the prevention methods available to reduce the possibility of potentially devastating tears to the ACL. These prevention methods include proper warm-up and avoiding activities that cause pain. Other preventive measures include incorporating balance exercises along with stretching and strengthening muscles near the ACL. Appropriate rest and recovery time are other important factors that may prevent ACL injuries. Quality footwear, strapping, or taping may provide an additional level of support to the knee joint and ACL.  

scholarly journals Effect of Midsole Thickness of Dance Shoes on Dynamic Postural Stability

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A Wyon ◽  
Ross Cloak ◽  
Josephine Lucas ◽  
Frances Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Limb Kinematics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Dynamic Postural Stability ◽  
Lower Limb Kinematics ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Landing from jumps is one of the main causes of injury within dance. A number of studies have reported a negative effect of shoe midsole thickness on lower limb kinematics during running due to the reduction in afferent sensory outputs from the foot’s epithelium. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of varying midsole thicknesses in dance shoes on dynamic postural stability during a single-leg landing. Twenty-eight female undergraduate dance participants volunteered for the study. They carried out three trials under four conditions: barefoot and in ballet flats (2 mm midsole thickness), jazz shoes (7 mm), and dance sneakers (30 mm). The task consisted of a single-leg forward jump over a hurdle at 50% of their maximal vertical jump height, landing on a force platform, and balancing for 3 seconds. The stability indices for vertical stability (VSI), anterior-posterior stability (APSI), medial-lateral stability (MLSI), and dynamic postural stability (DPSI) were calculated using Wikstrom’s revised method. Significant differences were reported between the midsole thicknesses for both DPSI and VSI (p<0.01). No statistical differences were noted for the indices SPSI or MLSI. The present data agree with the running studies in that increased midsole thickness has a negative influence on landing stability.

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