scholarly journals Spinal nephroblastoma in an Irish wolfhound : case report

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vaughan ◽  
J. Goldin ◽  
J.W. Nesbit
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Old Irish ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spinal Segments ◽  
Pelvic Limb ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid

A 1-year-old Irish wolfhound was presented with a history of slowly progressive left pelvic limb paresis. A neurological examination demonstrated bilateral deficits referable to the thoracolumbar spinal cord. Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid contained neoplastic cells. An intradural, extramedullary mass was demonstrated by myelography at the caudal aspect of T13. Surgical excision was abandoned owing to severe macroscopic damage to, and apparent infiltration of, the cord, and the dog was euthanased. The tumour was diagnosed histologically as an extrarenal nephroblastoma. Nephroblastoma should be suspected in young, large-breed dogs with intradural extramedullary masses over spinal segments T10-L2. The prognosis for complete recovery after surgical excision is guarded to poor.

Primary polymorphous hemangioendothelioma of the spinal cord

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Roncaroli ◽  
Bernd W. Scheithauer ◽  
Savvas Papazoglou
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensorimotor Deficit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Borderline Malignancy ◽  
Current Experience

✓ A case of polymorphous hemangioendothelioma of the spinal cord is described. This 55-year-old woman presented with an 18-month history of lower-extremity sensorimotor deficit. A magnetic resonance image revealed an enhancing, intradural, extramedullary nodule at the T1–2 level. On gross inspection, the lesion measured 3.5 cm and was firmly attached to spinal cord parenchyma and adjacent nerve roots. It was completely removed. Fourteen months after surgery the patient's neurological deficit had resolved. Polymorphous hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor of borderline malignancy. Most occur in lymph nodes. None has been reported to occur in the central and peripheral nervous system. Based on current experience, resection and close follow up seems the best therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals Intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumours: A retrospective study of sur­ gical outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Md. Kamrul Ahsan ◽  
Md. Abdul Awwal ◽  
Shahidul Islam Khan ◽  
Md. Hamidul Haque ◽  
Naznin Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Neurological Deterioration ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Myxopapillary Ependymoma ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Preoperative Symptom ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumours

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumours (IESCT) accounts for approximately two thirds of all intraspinal neoplasm and are of important clinical consideration and surgery is the essence in cases with neurological deterioration.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To share our experience on the outcome of surgical excision of intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumours. Methods: Results of 60 patients surgically treated intradural extramedullary spinal tumours between Octo­ber 2003 and October 2015 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and in our private settings, Dhaka, were analyzed retrospectively. There were 32 males, 28 females with an average age of 52.4 years (13-70 years) and followed up for at least a year. The preoperative symptom with duration, tumours location and intradural space occupancy and the histopathological diagnosis were analyzed. Pain was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the neurologic function was assessed by Nurick's grade.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The tumours were located as, thoracic 32 (53.33%), lumbar 16 (26.67%), cervical 04 (6.67%), and junctional 08 (13.33%), CervicoThoracic-01, Thoracolumbar-07). The histopathological diagnosis included schwannoma 35 (58.33%), meningiomas 14 (23.33%), neurofbroma 4 (6.67%), arachnoid cyst and myxopapillary ependymoma 03 (05.00%) each and paraganglioma 01 (01.67%). The VAS score was reduced in all cases from 8.0 ± 1.2 to 1.2 ± 0.8 (p &lt; 0.003) and the Nurick's grade was improved in all cases from 3.0 ± 1.3 to 1.0 ± 0.0 (p &lt; 0.005). The preoperative neurological deficit improved within 8 postoperative weeks in most cases and within 1 postoperative year in all cases. Complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage, parasthesia, dependant bedsore 02 (3.33%) each and recurrence 03 (05.00%). and further neurological deterioration 1 (01.67%) case.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> lntradural extramedullary tumors detected by MRI are mostly benign and good clinical results can be obtained when treated surgi­cally. Aggressive surgical excision potentially minimizes neurologic morbidity and improved outcome. ­</p>

Multifocal Intradural Extramedullary Pilocytic Astrocytomas of the Spinal Cord: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Neurosurgery ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. E178-E184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Basheer ◽  
Richard Rammo ◽  
Steven Kalkanis ◽  
Michelle M. Felicella ◽  
Mokbel Chedid
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Ataxic Gait ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Brain Involvement

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is among the most common of the central nervous system gliomas in the pediatric population; however, it is uncommon in adults. PAs of the spinal cord in adults are even rarer, with only a few cases found in the literature. We report here the first case in the literature of multifocal intradural extramedullary spinal cord PAs in an adult. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Our patient is a 56-yr-old female who presented with loss of balance and an ataxic gait. Multiple extramedullary spinal cord tumors were identified intraoperatively, the lesions completely resected, and all diagnosed as PAs. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates a unique instance of multifocal intradural extramedullary spinal cord PAs in an adult with no previous history of PA during childhood, no known familial syndromes, and no brain involvement.

scholarly journals Spinal Cord Diffuse Midline Glioma in a 4-Year-Old Boy

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2329048X1984245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Salman Rashid ◽  
Sumit Singh ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Leon S. Dure
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
World Health ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Lower Extremity Weakness ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis ◽  
Diffuse Midline Glioma

Objective: We report a child presenting with spinal myelopathy secondary to H3K27M mutant diffuse midline glioma. Case Report: A 4-year-old boy presented with a 3-week history of progressive gait difficulty. Examination revealed bilateral hand and lower extremity weakness, left leg hypertonia with ankle clonus, and a right hemisensory deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging of neuroaxis showed cervical and thoracic spinal cord with expansion and irregular areas of enhancement. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid studies were unremarkable for infectious, autoimmune, inflammatory, and neoplastic causes but showed mild cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, hypoglycorrhachia, and high protein level. A thoracic cord biopsy revealed a diffuse midline glioma (World Health Organization grade IV). Consequently, the tumor involved intracranial structures and patient died within 4 months after diagnosis. Conclusion: High-grade spinal cord gliomas are very rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric myelopathy. Tissue biopsy is recommended in indeterminate cases to facilitate diagnosis and to guide management.

scholarly journals Carcinoma with Vertebral Column Metastasis in Two Dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Grima De Cristo ◽  
Laura Formighieri De Noronha ◽  
Giovana Biezus ◽  
Cinthya Dos Santos Cerqueira ◽  
Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Power ◽  
Mammary Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Weight Loss ◽  
Pelvic Limb

Background: Carcinomas are aggressive and invasive malignancies that originate from any type of epithelial cell and are responsible for many deaths in dogs. Carcinoma metastases occur primarily via the lymphatic route; however, they can occur by blood flow, thus reaching bone structures. In dogs, metastasis of mammary and squamous cell carcinomas to the skeletal system is poorly described. The aim of this study was to report two cases of dogs that developed metastases of carcinomas to the vertebral column.Cases: Case 1. A 10 years-old, male, mixed-breed dog with paralysis of the left pelvic limb, subcutaneous mass in the lumbar region, apathy, anorexia and progressive weight loss and with a previous history of amputation of the right pelvic limb resulting from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the integument of the cranial face of the femorotibiopatellar joint. Due to the patient's clinical condition and the negative prognosis associated with the neoplasia, euthanasia was performed. At necropsy, infiltrating the lumbar vertebrae from L5 to L7, a whitish and firm mass of approximately 15 x 8 cm was observed. Histologically, it comprised a malignant epithelial neoplastic development consisting of nests and cords interspersed with fibrovascular stroma, containing multiple keratine pearls. There was moderate to severe anisocytosis, severe anisokariosis, and about 4 mitosis figures for every 10 high power fields (400x). The histological features were consistent with an invasive SCC. Anti-cytokeratin and anti-p63 immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluations were performed, both with immunoreactivity in neoplastic cells. Case 2. An 8 years-old, female, Chihuahua with bilateral paralysis of the pelvic limbs, anorexia, and progressive weight loss, with a history of excision of solid mammary carcinoma. The clinical condition evolved to the absence of deep pain in all limbs and fecal and urinary retention, opting for euthanasia. At necropsy, a nodule between T3 and T4 was observed, yellowish-white and firm, measuring about 5 x 3.8 cm, invading the spinal canal, and compressing the spinal cord. Histologically, it comprised malignant epithelial neoplasia infiltrating intervertebral ligaments, musculature, and vertebrae of the thoracic spine, organized in a dense mantle of polygonal to rounded cells, delimited in lobes by abundant fibrovascular tissue. Moderate anisokaryosis and accentuated anisocytosis were observed and about 6 mitosis figures for every 10 high power fields (400x). The histological characteristics of the tumor were compatible with metastasis due to grade II solid mammary carcinoma. Immunohistochemical evaluations of anti-cytokeratin, anti-c-erbB2, and anti-estrogen and progesterone receptors were performed, with immunoreactivity for cytokeratin and c-erbB2 in neoplastic cells.Discussion: There are no current data indicating which tumors that metastasize most frequently to the vertebral column. In the reported cases, it was found that the clinical signs presented by the animals are directly associated with the compression of specific areas of the spinal cord, as well as bone pain, resulting from tumor expansion and degeneration of the bone matrix, similar to what has been reported previously. The immunohistochemical diagnosis of anti-p63 in case 1 and anti-oncoprotein C-erbB2 in case 2, were essential to determine the neoplastic origin in the absence of the primary tumor. Despite being a place of low incidence of metastases, bones have a physiologically favorable environment for the implantation of neoplastic cells, especially when there is bone marrow involvement. Because of this and despite the rare occurrence, metastasis of carcinomas to the vertebral column should always be considered as differential diagnoses in patients presenting with clinical signs compatible with spinal cord compression and a history of previous neoplasia.

scholarly journals Intradural extramedullary tuberculoma of the thoracic spine – A rare case report of paraparesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Boris Kangabam ◽  
Thokchom Amataleima ◽  
Mayanglambam Amitkumar ◽  
Takhelmayum Umesh
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Immune Reaction ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary

Background: Intradural extramedullary tuberculoma of the spinal cord (IETSC) is an extremely rare form of spinal tuberculosis (TB) that is believed to be due to a host’s immune reaction against the Mycobacterium protein derivatives. Case Description: A 25-year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and disseminated TB on antitubercular therapy for the past 8 months, presented with paraplegia of 2 months duration. When the MRI spine revealed multiple peripheral rim enhancing intradural extramedullary lesions from T6 to T8 and dorsally from T10 to T11, the patient was diagnosed with IETSC. At surgery, we countered cystic lesions adherent to the dura and the spinal cord, containing a whitish material. Postoperatively, the patient showed clinical improvement in motor power and sensation. Conclusion: Intradural extramedullary spinal tuberculomas in patients with a history of TB and spinal cord compression, although rare, should be considered among the differential diagnoses.

scholarly journals Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Monitoring Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Provides Limited Information about the Injury Site

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence R.A. Hogg ◽  
Mathew J. Gallagher ◽  
Siobhan Kearney ◽  
Argyro Zoumprouli ◽  
Marios C. Papadopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Acute Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid

Intramedullary spinal neurenteric cyst with fluid-fluid level

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhdeep Singh Jhawar ◽  
Amit Mahore ◽  
Atul Goel
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Neurenteric Cyst ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fluid Level ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vertebral Anomalies ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Tissue Abnormalities

Spinal neurenteric cysts are rare intradural extramedullary lesions of the spine, commonly located in the cervical and thoracic regions. The majority localize ventral to the spinal cord and are associated with other vertebral anomalies. Here, the authors report a rare case of a 3-year-old boy presenting with a 1-week history of meningismus followed by rapid-onset (over a few hours) paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intramedullary cystic lesion with a fluid-fluid level in the cervicothoracic region of the spinal cord without associated bony or soft tissue abnormalities. To the best of the authors' knowledge, such clinical and radiological presentation of a spinal neurenteric cyst has never been reported. A brief review of the pertinent literature is presented, and the possible pathophysiology of such a presentation is also discussed.

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