scholarly journals A preliminary study on normal electrocardiographic parameters of ostriches (Struthio camelus)

2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rezakhani ◽  
H. Komali ◽  
M.R. Mokhber-Dezfoul ◽  
M. Zarifi ◽  
M. Ghabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Male ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Struthio Camelus ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Cardiac Dysrhythmias ◽  
Electrocardiographic Examination ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
T Waves

Electrocardiograms were taken from 100 normal healthy male and female ostriches which were 1 to 15 months old using a base apex lead. The heart rate of those less than 3 months old ranged from 107 to 250 beats per minute with a mean of 171.47+9.03 and that of ostriches of more than 3 months old ranged from 43 to 167 with a mean of 90.52+2.64 beats / minute. The P-waves were positive in all cases except in 1 ostrich which it was isoelectric. The ORS complexes were mainly negative and either monophasic (QS) or biphasic (rS or RS). The T-wave showed more variation than other waves. The durations of P, P-R, QRS, Q-T and T-waves of chicks and of those more than 3 months of age (4-15-month-old) were 0.04 + 0.00, 0.06+0.00; 0.14+0.04, 0.16+0.00; 0.04+0.00, 0.06+0.00; 0.18+0.00, 0.27+0.00 and 0.06+0.00, 0.09+0.01 s, respectively, and amplitudes of the main direction of P-, QRS and T- waves of 2 groups were 0.29 + 0.02, 0.26 + 0.01; 1.87 + 0.17, 2.21 + 0.08; and 0.34 + 0.06, 0.37 + 0.02 mV, respectively. Ten cases showed cardiac dysrhythmias of which 9 showed sinus arrhythmia and 1 showed premature atrial contractions (PAC). This study showed that the base apex lead can be a suitable monitoring lead for electrocardiographic examination of ostriches.

scholarly journals Physiological ECG Value for Polish Half-Bred Anglo-Arab Horses

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
P Wave ◽  
P Waves ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Electrocardiographic Examination ◽  
Electrocardiographic Findings ◽  
Almost All ◽  
T Waves

Abstract The electrocardiographic examination was performed in 33 training horses (2-16 years of age, 11 males and 22 females). Einthoven and precordial leads (I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF, CV1, CV2, CV4) were used. The ECG was performed in resting horses and immediately after exercise (10 min walk, 15 min trot, 10 min canter) using a portable Schiller AT-1 3-channel electrocardiograph, with a paper speed of 25 mm sec-1 and a sensitivity of 10 mm.mV-1. The heart rate, wave amplitudes, and duration time were estimated manually. All horses presented a significant increase in heart rate after exercise (rest 43.83 ±10.33 vs. exercise 73.2 ±14.8). QT intervals were significantly shortened in most of the leads. In resting horses, all P waves in the lead I were positive and almost all II, III and CV4 leads were positive. Simple negative P wave dominated in aVR and only simple negative T wave was found in the leads I. The biphasic shape was observed. After exercise, the amplitude of P and T waves rose, however, clear changes were not observed in wave polarisation and form. In the absence of specific racial characteristics of the electrocardiogram in the Polish Anglo- Arabians, electrocardiographic findings can be interpreted according to ECG standards adopted for horses.

Seismic T-Wave Observations at Dense Seismic Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 3444-3453
Author(s):  
Catherine D. de Groot-Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Polarization Analysis ◽  
The West ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Transverse Waves ◽  
T Wave ◽  
T Waves

Abstract Seismic T waves, which result from transformation of hydroacoustic to seismic energy at coastlines, were investigated for two strong earthquakes. A 2014 Caribbean event generated seismic T waves that were detected at over 250 seismometers along the east coast of the U.S., primarily at seismic stations operated by the USArray Transportable Array. A 2006 Hawaiian event generated seismic T waves observed at over 100 seismometers along the west coast. Seismic T-wave propagation was treated as locally 2D where the incoming hydroacoustic wavefronts were nearly parallel to the coastlines. Along the east coast, seismic T-wave propagation velocities were consistent with surface waves and a polarization analysis indicated that they were transverse waves, supporting their interpretation as Love waves. They were observed at inland distances up to 1134 km from the east coast. Along the west coast, the propagation velocity was over 5  km/s and a polarization analysis confirmed that the seismic T waves propagated as seismic P waves. Differences between the modes of propagation along the east and west coasts are attributed to differences in the slope and thickness of the sediment coverage at the continental slopes where hydroacoustic to seismic conversion takes place.

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic parameters of the American Miniature Horse: influence of age and sex

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-558
Author(s):  
Bianca P. Santarosa ◽  
Maria L.G. Lourenço ◽  
Gabriela N. Dantas ◽  
Carla M.V. Ulian ◽  
Marta C.T. Heckler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
T Wave ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract: The veterinary cardiology has growing importance in equine medicine. There are studies of standardization of electrocardiographic parameters of many races, according to their stature and ability. However, no studies are in the literature with the American Miniature Horse. To evaluate the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing configuration of this breed at rest and to verify the influence of age and sex on ECG parameters, 203 horses including 143 females and 60 males were divided into four age groups (foals, yearlings, adults and elderly). Electrocardiographic parameters were performed by computerized electrocardiogram (TEB), and the parameters were evaluated in six leads of frontal plane (Lead I, II, III, aVR, aVL and aVF) and base-apex (BA). Heart rates (HR) decreased with increasing age were higher in males than in females. Sinus tachycardia followed by sinus arrhythmia was dominant in both sexes. The cardiac axis was higher in males and ranged between 120° and 150° for foals, 30° and 60° for yearlings and adults, and 60° and 90° for the elderly. The P wave was bifid in several animals. The P-wave amplitude and T-wave duration from lead II and BA were larger in males than in females. The majority of the animals exhibited ST segment depression and a negative T-wave. The most common QRS complex morphology was Qr. Differences were observed between the electrocardiographic tracings of males and females, and age influenced the ECG parameters. Therefore, this study established the ECG patterns for the American Miniature Horse breed and could be used to determine the influence of age and sex on several of the studied variables.

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic parameters in captive, clinically healthy, Amazona ochrocephala

2015 ◽  
pp. 5037-5045
Author(s):  
Claudia Guerrero S ◽  
Janeth Bolivar B ◽  
Piero Vargas-Pinto ◽  
Pedro Vargas-Pinto ◽  
Claudia Brieva-Rico
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
P Wave ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Wave Duration ◽  
T Wave ◽  
P Wave Duration ◽  
Electrocardiographic Examination ◽  
Qrs Duration ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters

ABSTRACT Objective. To stablish the electrocardiographic parameters of individuals of the species Amazona ochrocephala, from the Unidad de Rescate y Rehabilitacion de Animales Silvestres at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Materials and methods. The electrocardiographic examination was performed under inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane. Leads I, II, III, aVL, aVR and aVF were measured. Results. Electrocardiographic parameters obtained in Lead II. P wave Duration: 0.015-0.044 s, P wave amplitude: 0.031 to 0.6 mv, R wave duration: 0.015-0.022 s, amplitude R: 0.034-0.038 mv, S wave Duration: 0.019- 0.042 s, amplitude S: 0.194-0.815 mv, T wave Duration: 0.025-0.064 s, T-wave amplitude: 0.010 to 0.5 mv, PQ Duration: 0.021-0.076 s, QRS Duration: 0.036-0.068 s, QT Duration: 0.070-0.015 s, RR Duration: 0.104-0.324 s, EEM: -111° to -80°, FC: 240-600 ppm. Conclusions. The results showed different values for amplitude and duration of the P, R and T waves in comparison to those obtained in other studies. However, they were similar for heart rate, MEA and duration of the PQ/R, QT and QRS segments.

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic patterns of Mangalarga Marchador horses before and after implementation of the marcha gait

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarisse Simões Coelho ◽  
Gabriella Agra de Omena e Silva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Trindade Oliveira Junior ◽  
Vanessa Sartor Moraes ◽  
Laura Monteiro de Castro Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qt Interval ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Pr Interval ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
T Waves

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the electrocardiographic parameters in Mangalarga Marchador horses submitted to marcha exercise. Twenty-four Mangalarga Marchador horses, thirteen females and eleven males, 6.4±2.7 years old with a mean weight of 428.3±24.7kg, were used. Electrocardiograms were recorded in two different moments: rest and immediately after exercise (40 minutes of aerobic exercise, marcha gait). The electrocardiographic variables analyzed were cardiac rhythm, heart rate (HR), duration of P wave, QRS complex, PR and QT intervals, amplitudes of P, R and T waves, and analysis of QT corrected (QTc) according to Bazett's formula (QT/√RR). Variables were analyzed for normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and paired t-test, considering P<0.05. Rhythm analysis revealed 91.7% of sinus rhythm and 8.3% of sinus arrhythmia in rest, with mean HR of 45.7±12.7 beats minute-1, and 100% of sinus tachycardia, with mean HR of 77.3±13.5 beats minute-1 after exercise (P<0.0001). In post-exercise, it was possible to observe decreases in P wave duration (P=0.0121), PR interval (P=0.0007) and QT interval (P<0.0001) and increase of QTc (P=0.0039) and R wave amplitude (P=0.0033). There were no significant differences for amplitude of P and T waves and QRS complex related to atrioventricular enlargement. Although QT interval decreased after exercise, there was an increase on QTc after exercise, indicating changes in ventricular repolarization. It was possible to conclude that the imposed exercise (marcha gait) led to electrocardiographic alterations without causing pathological arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic changes in awassi diarrheic suckling lambs in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Islam Jawad . Alkhafaji
Keyword(s):  
P Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
T Wave ◽  
St Depression ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Electrocardiographic Changes ◽  
Qrs Duration ◽  
Awassi Lambs ◽  
T Waves

This study was done to investigate the electrocardiographic changes in 90 diarrheic nursed Awassi lambs, in comparison with 10 clinically healthy lambs of the same breed. Their ages were ranged from 5 days to 2 months, in Karbala City-Iraq, from November 2015 to April 2016. The  diarrheic lambs showed significant (P≤0.05) decreased duration of  P-wave (0.039±0.0000001 ms and shorter QRS wave amplitudes 0.6 0±0.042 mV with  duration 0.041±0.0008 ms  , higher T wave amplitude and   duration (  0.25±0.034 mV  and 0.070±0.002 ms)  , prolonged QT (0.21±0.004 ms) but  ST-segment  ( 0.17±0.004 ms) were its observed  sinus arrhythmia with tachycardia in  lead-II  in diarrheic lambs were recorded  compared with  non-diarrheic lambs group which their QRS duration and amplitude were it was (0.04±0.000001ms and 0.65±0.026 mV ) , T waves duration and amplitude were (  0.076±0.004 ms and 0.21±0.012 mV  )   QT interval (0.20±0.011 ms) and ST-segment (  0.16±0.011 ms) .The morphological abnormal of ECG changes in diarrheic suckling lambs characterized by a widening or flattening, bifid(mitral) and pulmonale (tall) shape  of P wave, increased P-R interval, increased duration of QRS complex and QT-prolongation, ST-depression or elevation .Inverted or board (slurring) tall, symmetric, peaked shape of T waves. These abnormal shapes appeared alternately   in lead I, II, III, aVR, aVL and aVF. Conclusively the diarrheic lambs showed serious abnormal changes of electrocardiography..

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF BRADYCARDIA & TACHYCARDIA FROM ECG SIGNAL USING WAVELET TRANSFORM

2012 ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Ashwini V. Kulkarni ◽  
H. T. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
P Waves ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Qrs Complex Detection ◽  
Complex Detection ◽  
T Waves

The Automatic ECG signal analysis by wavelet transform (WT) along with MATLAB using signal processing and wavelet toolboxes to ease the process to calculate the set on points, and set off points, and time intervals within QRS complexes, T waves and P waves. This process will allow the analyses on the characteristics of each QRS complexes, T waves and P waves. This can be done by using Wavelet filter Coefficients, for this procedure following steps are used for filtration:- R-R interval detection QRS Complex Detection T wave and P wave detection.

Abstract 14334: Best Electrocardiographic Criteria for Hyperkalemia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Shikari ◽  
Keith Bartolomei ◽  
Daniel Landry ◽  
John Marenco ◽  
Gregory Braden
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ecg Analysis ◽  
T Wave ◽  
T Waves

Introduction: To date, the effects of hyperkalemia (HK) on the ECG in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are inconsistent. No studies examining all of the possible effects of HK on the ECG of HD patients have been performed. We studied the ECGs of 128 consecutive HD patients with acutely clotted grafts or fistulas. ECGs from 46 HK patients with potassium levels ≥5.5 mEq/L were compared to 82 patients with normal potassium (NK) levels < 5.5 mEq/L. Methods: Patients with bundle branch block or cardiac events within 3 months were excluded. There were no differences between HK & NK patients for dialysis duration, causes of ESRD, cardiac disease or serum levels of Na + , Ca 2+ , HCO3, or phosphorus. ECG analysis included: height & width of P waves, T waves in V4 & Lead II, time intervals of PR, QRS, QT, QTc, PR/QT, PR/QTc & slopes of ascending & descending T waves in Lead II & V4. For the first time ever in HK HD patients, the ECG measurements in 32 HK patients were compared to their own NK ECGs obtained 3 to 6 months from the HK event. Results: Univariate analysis between the 46 HK & 82 NK patients showed 4 differences in mean values: V4 T wave height 4.0 vs 2.9mm, Lead II T wave height 2.7 vs. 2.0 mm, & V4 T wave ascending (.03 vs .02) & descending slopes (.04 vs .03). Multivariate analysis for all clinical & ECG findings between HK & NK patients found only the increased height of the T wave in V4 was significant, p<0.05. In contrast, the ECG analysis of the HK patients to their NK ECGs revealed more differences: higher T wave height in V4 (5.0 vs 3.7mm), higher T wave height in Lead II (4.0 vs 2.7 mm), shorter width of T wave in V4 (2.4 vs 4.1ms) & Lead II (2.1 vs 4.1ms), longer PR (188 vs 167ms) & steeper slopes in the T waves in Leads II & V4. Regression analysis of the change in potassium from NK to HK to each ECG measurement above showed that the only significant correlation was to the width (r= -.433, p= .007) & height (r= .333, p=.03) of the T wave in V4. In these HK HD patients T wave tenting in V4 was present in 56%. Conclusion: Intra-patient comparison of baseline NK to HK ECGs in HD patients confirms the importance of the height of the T wave in Lead V4 to diagnose HK. Shortened width and increased height of T waves in V4 are the most predictive ECG changes of HK.

scholarly journals ECG Holter analysis to detect induced deconditioning on cardiac activity in bedridden volunteers

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Solbiati ◽  
A Paglialonga ◽  
L Costantini ◽  
E.G Caiani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Cardiac Electrical Activity ◽  
Ethical Approval

Abstract Introduction Prolonged bed rest (BR) is an unnatural state, often related to hospitalization, chronic diseases and ageing, inducing reduced functional capacity in multiple body systems, possibly leading to cardiovascular deconditioning. We hypothesized that measuring this decline over time could represent the first step for the formulation of appropriate countermeasures or rehabilitation programs while in the hospital. Accordingly, our aim was to assess the effects of 10-day horizontal BR on cardiac electrical activity. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers (23±5 years) were enrolled in an hospital, after ethical approval and signed consent, to participate to a 10-day strict horizontal BR campaign, preceded and followed by 2 days in the facility, respectively as acclimatization and recovery. The 12-leads 24-hours Holter ECG (1000 Hz, H12+, Mortara Instrument Inc.) was acquired 1 day before BR (PRE), the 5th (BR5) and 10th day (BR10) of bedridden immobilization. From each recording, beat-to-beat RR and QTend interval series, as well as T wave amplitude (Tamp) and upslope (Tslope) were computed. Statistical analysis was applied to test changes induced by BR (ANOVA with Tukey test, p&lt;0.05), separately for day (7:00–23:00) and night (23:00–7:00) periods. Results Daily RR and QTend duration increased during BR, with peak changes at BR5 compared to PRE (+13.3% and +3% respectively), and were still prolonged at BR10 (+12.6% and +2.6%). During the night, while RR increased (BR5:+5.3%; BR10:+1.3%), QTend was found progressively shortened (BR5: −1.6%; BR10: −2.9%). Also, day and night Tamp (BR10: −19.5%) and Tslope (BR10 day: −17.1%; night: −7.8%) were found progressively reduced with the duration of BR. Conclusion During BR, cardiac electrical activity is affected by 10-days bedridden immobilization. Noticeably, a mismatch in RR-QTend relation was visible at night, where vagal autonomic system activity is prevailing. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)

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