scholarly journals The economic value of flower tourism at the Namaqua National Park, South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
I James ◽  
T Hoffman ◽  
A Munro ◽  
P O'Farell ◽  
R Smart
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Recreational Value ◽  
Travel Cost Model ◽  
Route Information

The travel cost method was used to estimate the economic recreational value of flower viewing at the Namaqua National Park. Demographic, time, expenditure, preference and route information was collected from interviews with 160 SA nationals who visited the park in their own car.  Visitors spent an average of $US108 on transportation and $US84 on accommodation in the region. A zonal travel cost model was developed which suggests that the economic recreational value of flower viewing at the park makes to the region is far larger than the annual net loss of $US50 000 which the park makes when only the expenses and revenue of the park are considered.

scholarly journals An economic evaluation of a forest park using the individual travel cost method (a case study of Ghaleh Rudkhan forest park in northern Iran)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Zandi ◽  
Soleiman Mohammadi Limaei ◽  
Neda Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Recreational Value ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe true economic value of ecosystem services may not be reflected in market transactions, because there is no real transaction for ecosystem services in the market. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the cost of time and travel to define the value people place on something in the absence of a market price. This study estimates the recreational value of Ghaleh Rudkhan forest park in the north of Iran using the individual travel cost method. This method is considered to be a substitute approach for the market. The data required were collected using questionnaires. Therefore, 271 questionnaires were randomly distributed between the visitors of the recreational site in 2016. In this study, a linear function is used to estimate the effects of explanatory variables including economic and social variables on the number of visits to estimate the recreational value of the forest park. Results showed that a consumer surplus of each person for their visit was 21500 Rials and the annual recreational value of the park was 78390595 Rials per ha. Furthermore, the variables such as travel expenses, income, distance, family size and visitor’s age are effective factors in the recreational use of the park. The results of this study can improve the quality of environmental services of the Ghaleh Rudkhan forest park and could expand the variety of services that they could supply based on the demand of the people.

scholarly journals Estimating the economic value of viewing griffon vultures Gyps fulvus : a Travel Cost Model study at Gamla Nature Reserve, Israel

Oryx ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Becker ◽  
Moshe Inbar ◽  
Ofer Bahat ◽  
Yael Choresh ◽  
Gil Ben-Noon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Travel Cost Model ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
Model Study

scholarly journals Testing Significance of Multi-Destination and Multi-Purpose Trip Effects in a Travel Cost Method Demand Model for Whale Watching Trips

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Loomis ◽  
Shizuka Yorizane ◽  
Douglas Larson
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Generalized Model ◽  
Travel Cost Model ◽  
Recreation Site

Inclusion of multi-destination and multi-purpose visitors has an appreciable influence on a standard count data travel cost model derived estimate of willingness to pay but the differences are not statistically significant. We adapt a more general travel cost model (TCM) of Parsons and Wilson (1997) that allows for inclusion of multi-destination visitors as incidental demand to allow estimation of an unbiased measure of single and multi-destination willingness to pay for whale viewing using a single pooled equation. The primary purpose trip values from the standard TCM and simple generalized TCM model are identical at $43 per person per day and neither are significantly different from the $50 day value from a generalized model that distinguishes between joint and incidental trips. The general models avoid underestimation of total recreation site benefits that would result from omitting the consumer surplus of multi-destination visitors.

FOREST VALUATION USING TRAVEL COST METHOD (TCM): CASES OF PAHANG NATIONAL PARK AND SRENGSENG JAKARTA URBAN FOREST

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Solikin ◽  
Rohana Abdul Rahman ◽  
Edy Saefrudin ◽  
Norafifah Suboh ◽  
Nur Hafizah Zahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Binomial Model ◽  
Local Public Good

This study aims to estimate the economic value of a recreational park by using the travel cost method (TCM). Case studies have been done for Pahang National Park, Malaysia, and Srengseng urban forest, Jakarta, Indonesia. The data was obtained from a structured interview with visitors. The data was analysed by using Poisson and negative binomial model. Based on the survey result, it is known that the Srengseng urban forest is local public good used by local public residents whereas the Pahang National Park is visited by visitors from all over the world. The frequency determinants of visits to the urban forest are cost, age, occupation, gender, and visitor’s satisfaction; meanwhile, visit the national park is affected by travel cost, age, education, income and number of visits. The TCM method utilized in this research resulted in the Srengseng Urban Forest total economic benefit of RM0.44 million per year and the Pahang National Park total consumer surplus of RM15.3 million.

scholarly journals The value of forest recreation in Azorean public parks

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Lopes ◽  
Bruno Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Travel Cost Model ◽  
Forest Recreation ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
Forest Parks

Abstract: This study assesses the aggregated value of demand for forest recreation in the Azores using a regional travel cost model. Previous assessments of total economic value (TEV) of the Portuguese forest by Mendes (2005) and INCF (2006) consider both market services and non-market services. Non-timber benefits (NTB) such as recreation, carbon sequestration, protection of soil, and biodiversity were valued using value transfer methodologies. Forest recreation accounts for 0.65% of TEV using a unit transfer value of 2.75 Euros/per visit estimated by Loureiro and Albiac (1996). The present primary study assesses the value of forest recreation in the Azorean islands instead of a single site approach. A count data travel-cost model, taking into account characteristics of data from on-site face-to-face interviews, is used instead of contingent valuation. This study uses data from a survey of visitors to public forest parks in São Miguel, Terceira, and Pico. Visits to public forest parks are a significant component of forest recreation, attracting more than 18% of residents with an average of five trips per year. The typical visitant is male, 38 years of age, and has secondary education. Those interviewed engage in physical activities, walking and running, as well as picnics, an opportunity to meet friends and family during the summer. The profile of this summer visitors changes to a more hard engagement in running and walking activities during autumn and spring. 33% of visitors are fully satisfied with their visiting experience and the quality of public forest parks. The value of a daily visit is 13.66 euros, and the total economic value exceeds 3 million euros in all Azorean parks for 275 thousand visitors. A conservative assessment of the benefit of forest recreation is higher than the total market value of wood production.

scholarly journals Individual single-site travel cost model for Czech paradise geopark

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 2851-2858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Špaček ◽  
Michaela Antoušková
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Family Status ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Recreational Value ◽  
Travel Cost Model ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Area Data

Geotourism is a new phenomenon, which has emerged in the tourism literature during the past two decades, and whose meaning suffered from global census. Geotourism is still a new discipline and relatively little has been written about its demand side, demonstrated by a lack of studies in the literature This article studies the recreational value of geotourism areas, and focuses on the first geopark in the Czech Republic, namely the Czech Paradise Geopark. To assess the recreational value the travel cost method is applied, specifically the individual travel cost model. The necessary research data was gathered through intensive tourist surveys conducted in the study area. Data gathered in the respondents’ survey served to determine the consumer surplus as a measure of recreational value and to develop the single site travel cost model. The dependent variable in the conducted model is the number of visits in the area and among the independent variables, studied age, education, travel cost, family status, economic activity and income. The results were subsequently compared to findings in the available literature, research works and case studies.

Demand and Value of Firewood Permits as Determined by the Travel Cost Model

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Donald C. Markstrom ◽  
Donald H. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Travel Cost Method ◽  
Residual Value ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Travel Cost Model

Abstract The travel cost method is used to determine the value of trips to collect weekend firewood near the Denver-Boulder metropolitan area. The analysis indicated an average willingness to pay of $21.42 per cord for small live lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stumpage. This value, including a $10.00 per cord permit fee, is directly comparable to values commonly assigned to other goods and services, such as sawlogs or recreation, for resource allocation. In particular, values obtained through the residual value timber appraisal system are analogous to this figure. West. J. Appl. For. 2(2):48-50, April 1987.

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