scholarly journals Excessive daytime sleepiness, nocturnal sleep duration and psychopathology among Nigerian university students

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celestine Okorome Mume ◽  
Kamildeen Oladimeji Olawale ◽  
Adeagbo Funminiyi Osundina
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Nigerian University

<p><strong>Background and objectives.</strong> Short nocturnal sleep duration resulting in sleep debt may be a cause of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Severity of depression (psychopathology) has been found to be directly related to EDS. There is an association between sleep duration and mental health, so there may therefore be an interrelationship between sleep duration, EDS and psychopathology. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence rates of EDS and general psychopathology among university students in Nigeria; determine the range of and mean sleep duration in the students; and determine the extent to which sleep duration and EDS predict general psychopathology in the same group of subjects. Materials and methods. Eight hundred and forty-five students at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, were recruited for the study. The subjects were required to provide information on their age, gender and the total amount of sleep per night they usually had. General psychopathology was assessed using the English language version of the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30). They were also evaluated for EDS using the English language version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Six hundred and thirty-four subjects (75.03% of the participants) provided complete data. The prevalence of EDS was 11.2% and the rate of general psychopathology in the subjects 13.1%. The range of sleep duration was 2 - 9 hours with a mean of 5.1 hours (standard deviation 1.3). On a regression model with the GHQ score as the dependent variable and sleep duration and ESS as the independent variables, the correlation coefficient between EDS, sleep duration and psychopathology (R) was 0.47.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> EDS and psychopathology are common in the student population studied. Nocturnal sleep duration for an average student is far less than that for an average adult. Nocturnal sleep duration and EDS acted as moderate predictors of general psychopathology among Nigerian university students.</p>

scholarly journals Natural history of excessive daytime sleepiness: a population-based 5-year longitudinal study

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Jaussent ◽  
C M Morin ◽  
H Ivers ◽  
Y Dauvilliers
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Point Reduction ◽  
Nighttime Sleep ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Study Objectives To document the rates of persistent, remitted, and intermittent excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in a longitudinal 5-year community study of adults and to assess how changes in risk factors over time can predict improvement of daytime sleepiness (DS). Methods Participants were recruited in 2007–2008 as part of a population-based epidemiological study implemented in Canada. They completed postal assessments at baseline and at each yearly follow-up. An Epworth Sleepiness Scale total score &gt;10 indicated clinically significant EDS; a 4-point reduction between two consecutive evaluations defined DS improvement. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, health characteristics, and sleep-related measures (e.g. insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, sleep medication) were self-reported at each time point. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to predict EDS and DS remissions over 5 years. Results Among the 2167 participants, 33% (n = 714) met criteria for EDS at baseline, of whom 33% had persistent EDS, 44% intermittent EDS, and 23% remitted EDS over the follow-up. Furthermore, 61.4% of 2167 initial participants had stable DS, 27.1% sustained DS improvement and 8.5% transient improvement over the follow-up. The main predictors of EDS remission or DS improvement were normal weight, taking less hypnotics, having hypertension, increased nighttime sleep duration, and decreased insomnia, and depressive symptoms. Conclusions EDS waxes and wanes over time with frequent periods of remission and is influenced by behavioral characteristics and changes in psychological, metabolic, and nighttime sleep patterns. Targeting these predictors in future interventions is crucial to reduce DS in the general adult population.

A Review of the Validity of the General Health Questionnaire in Adolescent Populations

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Tait ◽  
Gary K Hulse ◽  
Suzanne I Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
General Health ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Chinese Translation ◽  
Validity Data ◽  
Language Version ◽  
The Uk

Objective: To comprehensively review the validity of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) [ 1 ] with adolescents (aged 12–19). Although the GHQ has been extensively used and validated with adults and has been frequently used with adolescents, the validity data for this group are sporadic. Method: Systematic review of the English language peer-reviewed literature. Results: Eight studies were identified validating the GHQ with young people of which four included only adolescents and four studies involved young adults and adolescents. Of these eight studies, four used an English language version of the GHQ and four used a translated version. Conclusions: The GHQ has demonstrated validity with older adolescents (17 + years) from the UK and Hong Kong (Chinese translation) and with girls aged 15 in the UK, but there are few data for either gender, aged less than 15 years. Studies in Australia and Italy reported a high proportion of misclassified cases while the studies in Spain and Yugoslavia included some older subjects (20 + years). Therefore, the validity of the GHQ for adolescents in populations other than the UK and Hong Kong remains to be demonstrated. Implications: Psychiatrists and other mental health professionals need to be aware of the above limitations when using the GHQ as a screening instrument with adolescents. Further studies are required to: (i) determine the minimum age at which it can be employed, (ii) compare the use of adult versus adolescent criterion interviews, (iii) assemble relevant normative data, and (iv) establish the validity of translated versions.

scholarly journals 0239 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Reduced Sleep Duration on Weekend and Social Jetlag are associated with Caffeine Consumption in Teenagers

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A98-A99
Author(s):  
Kim Isabelle-Nolet ◽  
Frédérick Michaud ◽  
Pascale Gaudreault ◽  
Roxanne Godin ◽  
Isabelle Green-Demers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Social Jetlag

scholarly journals Qualidade do sono e sonolência diurna em estudantes universitários: prevalência e associação com determinantes sociais

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayonara Fabíola Silva Araújo ◽  
Xaíze de Fátima de Medeiros Lopes ◽  
Carolina Virginia Macedo de Azevedo ◽  
Diego de Sousa Dantas ◽  
Jane Carla de Souza
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

Abstract: Introduction: Changes in the Sleep/Wake Cycle (SWC) of university students can have consequences on physical, mental and social health. In addition, some behaviors adopted at this stage may be associated with SWC impairment. Objective: Therefore, this study aims to identify which factors of social determinants of health (SDH) are associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that included 298 university students, aged between 18 and 35 years; 73.2% of the students were females and from the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected from the following questionnaires: Health and Sleep, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. To assess the association of SDH with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, Poisson Regression with robust variance was performed. Result: The prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness among the university students was 79.2% and 51.3%, respectively. Between the intermediate determinants of health, a higher prevalence rate of poor sleep quality was observed in students who reported health problems in the previous month (18.4%), smoked (23.5%), drank stimulating beverages close to bedtime (25.8%) and those who used electronic devices before bedtime during the week (18.4%) when compared to those who did not have these behaviors. Regarding excessive daytime sleepiness, students who justified bedtime during the week and wake-up time at the weekend because of the academic demand showed, respectively, 27% and 34% lower prevalence of EDS than the group that did not have these behaviors. Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and EDS observed among university students was associated to biological factors and most of them, behavioral factors.

scholarly journals Sleep Duration and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Are Associated with Obesity Independent of Diet and Physical Activity

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Jose Medina-Inojosa ◽  
Sarka Kunzova ◽  
Antonella Agodi ◽  
Martina Barchitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

In the European Union, Czech Republic ranks 3rd and 6th for the incidence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, respectively. Worldwide, short sleep duration and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) characterize obese subjects, which in turn exhibit scarce physical activity and unhealthy diet. We aimed to understand the relationship between irregular sleep patterns, obesity and lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity, in a vulnerable Czech population. 1482 members of the Kardiovize cohort, a random sample of the Czech urban population, were included in a cross-sectional study. Exposure variables included self-reported sleep duration and EDS, assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Primary outcomes were BMI and waist-to-hip ratio or prevalence of obesity and central obesity. Covariates included physical activity and diet. Associations and interactions between variables were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. After adjustment for covariates, short sleep duration (<7 h) was associated with greater odds of overweight (BMI > 25; OR = 1.42; 95%CI = 1.06–1.90; p = 0.020) and obesity (BMI > 30; OR = 1.40; 95%CI = 1.02–1.94; p = 0.047), while EDS was associated with greater odds of central obesity (OR = 1.72; 95%CI = 1.06–2.79; p = 0.030), independent of diet and physical activity. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, further prospective, large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the etiological link and causality between sleep disturbances and obesity.

scholarly journals Sleep Characteristics and Problems of 2-year-olds with Williams Syndrome: Relations with Language and Behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Greiner de Magalhães ◽  
Louise M. O'Brien ◽  
Carolyn B. Mervis
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Nighttime Sleep ◽  
Nonverbal Reasoning

Abstract Background Sleep problems have been shown to have a negative impact on language development and behavior for both typically developing children and children with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders. The relation of sleep characteristics and problems to language and behavior for children with Williams syndrome (WS) is unclear. The goal of this study was to address these relations for 2-year-olds with WS. Associations of nonverbal reasoning ability, nighttime sleep duration, and excessive daytime sleepiness with language ability and behavior problems were considered. Method: Ninety-six 2-year-olds with genetically confirmed classic-length WS deletions participated. Parents completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, which includes a Sleep Related Breathing Disorder (SRBD) scale with a subscale measuring excessive daytime sleepiness, to assess sleep characteristics and problems. Parents also completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences to assess behavior problems and expressive vocabulary, respectively. Children completed the Mullen Scales of Early Learning to measure nonverbal reasoning and language abilities. Results Parents indicated that children slept an average of 10.36 hours per night (SD = 1.09, range: 7.3–13.3), not differing significantly from the mean reported by Bell and Zimmerman (2010) for typically developing toddlers (p = .787). Sixteen percent of participants screened positive for SRBD and 30% for excessive daytime sleepiness. Children who screened positive for SRBD had significantly more behavior problems on all CBCL scales than children who screened negative. Children with daytime sleepiness had significantly more attention/hyperactivity, stress, and externalizing problems than those who did not have daytime sleepiness. Individual differences in parent-reported nighttime sleep duration and directly measured nonverbal reasoning abilities accounted for unique variance in expressive language, receptive language, and internalizing problems. Individual differences in parent-reported daytime sleepiness accounted for unique variance in externalizing problems. Conclusions The relations of nighttime sleep duration, positive screens for SRBD, and excessive daytime sleepiness to language and behavior in toddlers with WS parallel prior findings for typically developing toddlers. These results highlight the importance of screening young children with WS for sleep problems. Studies investigating the efficacy of behavioral strategies for improving sleep in children with WS are warranted.

scholarly journals Sleep characteristics and problems of 2-year-olds with Williams syndrome: relations with language and behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Greiner de Magalhães ◽  
Louise M. O’Brien ◽  
Carolyn B. Mervis
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Nighttime Sleep ◽  
Nonverbal Reasoning

Abstract Background Sleep problems have been shown to have a negative impact on language development and behavior for both typically developing children and children with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders. The relation of sleep characteristics and problems to language and behavior for children with Williams syndrome (WS) is unclear. The goal of this study was to address these relations for 2-year-olds with WS. Associations of nonverbal reasoning ability, nighttime sleep duration, and excessive daytime sleepiness with language ability and behavior problems were considered. Method Ninety-six 2-year-olds with genetically confirmed classic-length WS deletions participated. Parents completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, which includes a Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder (SRBD) scale with a subscale measuring excessive daytime sleepiness, to assess sleep characteristics and problems. Parents also completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Sentences to assess behavior problems and expressive vocabulary, respectively. Children completed the Mullen Scales of Early Learning to measure nonverbal reasoning and language abilities. Results Parents indicated that children slept an average of 10.36 h per night (SD = 1.09, range 7.3–13.3), not differing significantly from the mean reported by Bell and Zimmerman (2010) for typically developing toddlers (p = .787). Sixteen percent of participants screened positive for SRBD and 30% for excessive daytime sleepiness. Children who screened positive for SRBD had significantly more behavior problems on all CBCL scales than children who screened negative. Children with excessive daytime sleepiness had significantly more attention/hyperactivity, stress, and externalizing problems than those who did not have daytime sleepiness. Individual differences in parent-reported nighttime sleep duration and directly measured nonverbal reasoning abilities accounted for unique variance in expressive language, receptive language, and internalizing problems. Individual differences in parent-reported daytime sleepiness accounted for unique variance in externalizing problems. Conclusions The relations of nighttime sleep duration, positive screens for SRBD, and excessive daytime sleepiness to language and behavior in toddlers with WS parallel prior findings for typically developing toddlers. These results highlight the importance of screening young children with WS for sleep problems. Studies investigating the efficacy of behavioral strategies for improving sleep in children with WS are warranted.

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