Epidemiology, clinical profile and role of rapid tests in the diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis in children (aged 1-59 months)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Chauhan ◽  
Kiran Mokta ◽  
Anil Kanga ◽  
Neelam Grover
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Meningitis In Children

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Comparative Inter-Alia Analysis of Various Microbiological Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e38-e44
Author(s):  
Rohan Halder ◽  
Richa Malik ◽  
K.C Aggarwal ◽  
Deepthi Nair ◽  
Shobha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Meningitis In Children

AbstractAcute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is a life-threatening and neurologically debilitating infectious disease. We studied the clinical profile, organisms involved in bacterial meningitis in children, and compared the tests on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), latex agglutination test (LAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Gram stain (conventional) and Cyto-Tek cytospin centrifuge Gram stain to culture which is the gold standard. This was an observational cross-sectional study (age range 3 to 12 months) conducted in a tertiary care hospital, New Delhi, India over 1 year. A total of 101 patients were enrolled and divided into three age groups, namely, < 1 year, 1 to 5 years, and > 5 years. Fever was the most common presenting symptom in all groups (84.2%). Refusal to feed, headache, altered sensorium, vomiting, and blurring of vision were significantly associated with bacterial meningitis in all age groups. Cranial nerve palsies and neck rigidity were significantly higher in older children. Age < 5years, low-socioeconomic status, overcrowding, and smoke exposure were identified as risk factors for meningitis. Eight children died within 48 hours of admission and the rest (n = 93) recovered without complications. CSF culture was positive in 35.6% cases, with streptococcus pneumoniae being the most common organism. PCR was most sensitive (86.1%) and cytospin gram stain showed positivity in 65% cases which was statistically higher compared with conventional gram stain. Cytospin-prepared Gram stain was a viable low-cost alternative for early diagnosis of meningitis in low-income countries like India.

scholarly journals A putative role for homocysteine in the pathophysiology of acute bacterial meningitis in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roney Santos Coimbra ◽  
Bruno Frederico Aguilar Calegare ◽  
Talitah Michel Sanchez Candiani ◽  
Vânia D’Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Meningitis In Children

ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-747
Author(s):  
Robert J. Haggerty ◽  
Mohsen Ziai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Multiple Drugs

A controlled study of the treatment of bacterial meningitis with single and multiple, potentially antagonistic antimicrobial drugs was undertaken. Sixty-five patients received a single and 71 received several drugs in combination. The two groups were generally comparable. There was no significant difference in the results: that is antagonism could not be demonstrated in this clinical study. It seems reasonable to recommend that, in patients over 1 month of age with acute primary bacterial meningitis in whom an etiologic agent cannot be promptly identified, the use of multiple drugs aimed at the three most likely organisms (pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae) can be employed without danger of clinically apparent antagonism.

Sequelae of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children Treated for Seven Days

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
T. Jadavji ◽  
W. D. Biggar ◽  
R. Gold ◽  
C. G. Prober
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Speech Defect ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic ◽  
Severe Handicaps ◽  
Meningitis In Children

The sequelae of acute bacterial meningitis in children who were treated with ampicillin or chloramphenicol for seven days during the period January 1979 to June 1983 were assessed prospectively. The 235 patients (117 boys and 118 girls) ranged in age from four days to 18 years (mean 26.4 months). Haemophilus influenzae type b was isolated in 70% of patients, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 20%, and Neisseria meningitidis in 10%. The mortality rate was 6.4%. No relapses occurred. Of the 220 survivors, 171 had neurologic psychometric, audiologic, and ophthalmologic assessments performed for a minimum of 1 year following their illness. One hundred thirty-six (80%) children had no detectable sequelae; 20% had mild to severe handicaps. The frequency of sequelae was greatest among children with S pneumoniae meningitis (57%) and least among children with N meningitidis (0%). The sequelae observed included: sensorineural hearing loss (12.9%), developmental delay (5.3%), speech defect (4.7%), motor defect (3.0%), hydrocephalus (1.7%), and seizure disorder (1%). The frequency of observed sequelae among these patients is similar to that previously reported in children treated for ten to 14 days. Our findings indicate that seven days of intravenous antibiotic therapy is adequate for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children.

scholarly journals Culture Proven Bacterial Meningitis in Children: Agents, Clinical Profile and Outcome

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ansari ◽  
Y Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Haemophilus Influenza ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Nepalese Children

Background Meningitis is a serious infection. Little is known about the bacterial agents and their antibacterial sensitivity in Nepalese children. Objectives To study bacteriological agents, clinical profile and immediate outcome in patients admitted to children’s ward of Patan Hospital with meningitis. Methods Prospective observational study conducted in paediatric ward of Patan Hospital. All the children admitted to the ward, with the diagnosis of culture proven bacterial meningitis’ on discharge were eligible. Results Out of 7,751 children, 296 (3.8%) had meningitis. This was a group ranging from neonates to adolescents aged 18 years. Only 13 (4.4%) of cerebrospinal fluid samples taken from them yielded positive culture reports. The organisms were pneumococcus (6), Haemophilus influenza ‘b’ (3), ?-hemolytic Streptococcus (1), ?-hemolytic Streptococcus (1), N. meningitides (1) and Pseudomonas (1). Whereas Haemophilus influenza ‘b’ was isolated from young infants, pneumococci were found in the young as well as the old. Fever, vomiting, high leukocyte count with left shift were all commonly present. All but one had cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Low sugar and high protein was found in most specimens. Neuroimaging was done in six children of which three were abnormal (all young infants and pneumococci cases). Ceftriaxone was given to all but one child. Everybody recovered but three had complications – profound hearing loss and cortical atrophy with subdural collection in pneumococcal and septic arthritis with persistence of fever in Haemophilus influenzae ‘b’ meningitis. Conclusion The present study corroborates most of the epidemiological and clinical features of acute bacterial meningitis and sheds light on the causative agents of bacterial meningitis in Nepalese children. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i1.6260 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(1):36-40

Diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis in children at a district hospital in sub-Saharan Africa

The Lancet ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 357 (9270) ◽  
pp. 1753-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A Berkley ◽  
Isiah Mwangi ◽  
Caroline J Ngetsa ◽  
Salim Mwarumba ◽  
Brett S Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Meningitis In Children
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