scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in Sokoto State, Nigeria: Baseline data for Vision 2020: The right to sight eye care programme

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasiru Muhammad ◽  
RabiuM Mansur ◽  
AdamuM Dantani ◽  
Elizabeth Elhassan ◽  
Sunday Isiyaku
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Towards The Reduction of The National Impact of Blindness Due to Glaucoma- A National Glaucoma Summit

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-478
Author(s):  
Dr. Barbie O. M. Ejukonemu
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
National Programme ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Initiatives

Glaucoma is a serious condition that involves  elevation in pressure inside the eye caused  by  build-up of excess fluid. Though there are several varieties of the disease that do not show elevation of pressure inside the eyes, generally, glaucoma in whatever form, if  left untreated would lead to impairment in vision by causing irreversible  damage to the optic nerve and eventually blindness. Between 2005 and 2007 the National Programme for the Prevention of Blindness (NPPB), now known as National Eye Care Programme, in collaboration with states, local government and FCT embarked on National Blindness and low vision survey. The survey revealed that glaucoma,  an unavoidable cause of blindness constitutes 16% of all blindness in the country. There are global initiatives that work to eradicate blindness in National communities in the developed and developing world. The major one being the Vision 2020 - the right to sight.  Nigeria endorsed the initiative. This initiative is complacent on glaucoma as it is unavoidable, incurable and not within the targeted disease conditions of vision 2020.  Elimination of  blindness due to glaucoma in our communities, therefore calls for a National action. This paper   is an advocacy  for  a National  Summit on Glaucoma that would produce  a National Glaucoma  Eradication document; implementation of which would lead to  reduction and elimination of the National  impact of blindness due to glaucoma.

Human Resource Development for Vision 2020 in Developing Countries: A Change from Absolute Numbers

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feyi G. Adepoju ◽  
Abdulkabir A. Ayanniyi ◽  
Victoria Pam ◽  
Toyin B. Akanbi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
Staff Mix ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Purpose. To critically review the numbers, distribution, staff mix, and productivity of eye care workers (ECW) in Kwara State, north central Nigeria. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive survey of all ECW identified from all eye care facilities in July 2008 was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Output data on cataract surgery of each institution were also collected and data analyzed using SPSS 16. Results. A total of 157 ECW comprising 8 ophthalmologists, 4 diplomates, 16 residents training ophthalmologists, 96 mid-level ophthalmic personnel (67 ophthalmic nurses, 3 optometrists, and 26 others), and 33 administrative and supporting staff were available to a population of 2.37 million. Ophthalmologist to population ratio was 1:300,000, optometrist 1:790,000, and ophthalmic nurses 1:35,000. Eighty percent of ECW and institutions are located in the state capital. There were no orthoptists, low vision specialists, counselors, or cataract finders, while optometrists, managers, and primary ECW were inadequate. The staff mix was 1 surgeon to 12 other ECW and an average of 182 cataract surgeries per surgeon per year. Conclusions. Emphasis should shift to team building and ensuring available workers perform optimally rather than meeting the absolute numbers of some cadre, which does not guarantee improved output. Issues of equitable distribution, appropriate staff mix, filling identified gaps in human resources, and addressing poor service uptake should be the focus to reach the goals of Vision 2020: The Right to Sight.

scholarly journals Barriers and incentives for conducting research amongst the Ophthalmologists in Sub-Sahara Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazim A Dhalla ◽  
Micheal Guirguis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Right ◽  
Preventable Blindness

AbstractBackgroundResearch is a critical component amongst the strategies to improve health outcomes of any country. The role of research assumes greater importance in Africa as it carries a larger share of global burden of diseases, blindness and low vision. “Vision 2020- the Right to Sight” is a WHO-IAPB collaborated initiative aiming to eliminate preventable blindness by the year 2020. High quality research in eye care is imperative for the initiative to succeed, however, there is a dearth of research in eye care in sub Saharan Africa in general and specifically in the Eastern, Central and Southern African (ECSA) region. Identifying the barriers that hamper research in this region is an important step towards elimination of preventable blindness.MethodsA structured questionnaire using the SurveyMonkey program was sent to ophthalmologists in the ECSA region and South Africa through their respective regional professional bodies. Data was analyzed using the SPSS program version.ResultsLack of funding, inadequate time and poor research knowledge were the main research barriers while ability to improve eye health care through research was the main incentive for conducting research.ConclusionThe barriers mainly center on financial, human and administrative infrastructure and resources. In spite of the barriers, ophthalmologists in the study region are enthusiastic in research aiming to increase evidence based knowledge to improve eye health care in line with the goals of “Vision 2020- the Right to Sight” initiative.

scholarly journals Identifying Landmark Achievements in Primary Eye Care Promotion in Nigeria in Accordance with Alma – Ata Declaration of 1978: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
J. E. Moyegbone ◽  
E. U. Nwose ◽  
S. D. Nwajei ◽  
E. A. Agege ◽  
J. O. Odoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Primary Eye Care ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Rehabilitative Services

Background: Alma Ata declaration form the bed rock that link primary health care (PHC) and health promotion to enable individuals and communities to increase control over the determinants of health. The declaration is meant to address the main health problems in the community by providing promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services including visual impairment. Objective: To evaluate the landmark achievement of eye health promotion for prevention of visual impairment in Nigeria. Methods: A non-systematic review of published literatures was adopted to develop this narrative review. Literatures searches were done through PubMed, google scholar and biomed central. Search terms included primary eye care (PEC), health promotion and Nigeria. 45 articles were reviewed. Results: Landmark achievement includes elimination of blinding trachoma and onchocerciasis as a public health problem following the treatment of 120 million people. Evaluation of the collaboration between Sightsavers, UK and the Ministry of Health in Sokoto State (Northern Nigeria) on VISION 2020 – Right to Sight program; showed an increase in the proportion of persons aged 50 years and over without visual impairment from 54.7% in 2005 to 77.3% in 2016. The prevalence of blindness in same age range declined from an estimated 11.6% to 6.8%, severe VI from 14.2% to 4.3% and moderate VI from 19.5% to 11.4%. A reduction in the estimated all‑age blindness prevalence by more than a half from 2.0% in 2005 to approximately 0.75% in 2016 was reported. No known similar evaluation was surveyed in the southern part of Nigeria to the knowledge of the researchers. However, non-integration of eye health promotional policy into PHC have left the Nigerian population in the miry clay of sustained prevalence of avoidable visual impairment. Conclusion: Alma Ata Declaration called on all governments to formulate national policies, strategies and plans of action to launch and sustain primary healthcare, integration of PEC and eye health promotional policies into PHC system to reduce the public health burden of avoidable visual impairment.

Randomized controlled trial evaluating a novel community eye care programme for elderly individuals with visual impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna CS Tan ◽  
Ryan Man ◽  
Chee Wai Wong ◽  
Shu Yen Lee ◽  
Ecosse L Lamoureux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment; and cataract surgical services in Katsina state of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Omran Taryam ◽  
Muhammad M Rabiu ◽  
Nasiru Muhammad ◽  
Kehinde Oladigbolu ◽  
Halima Abdurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Surgical Services ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Cost

AimTo generate data on blindness and visual impairment for planning and monitoring a comprehensive eye care programme in Katsina state of Nigeria.MethodA rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) survey methodology was used to select 3120 persons aged 50 years and over. The sample was selected using a multistage cluster randomised sampling. Each participant had visual acuity and lens assessment. Persons with vision less than 6/12 in any eye were assessed for the cause of visual impairment. Persons with cataract were asked why they had not had surgery. Data were captured electronically with the mRAAB Android-based software and analysed with STATA V.14 software.ResultsA response rate of 90.1% was achieved. The age-sex adjusted blindness prevalence was 5.3% (95% CI 5.2% to 5.3%). Women were 30% more likely to be blind (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.3). The principal causes of blindness were cataract (70%), other posterior segment (12%) and glaucoma (7%); 86.7% of blindness was avoidable. The prevalence of cataract blindness is 2.6% (95% CI 2.5% to 2.6%) with higher odds in women (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.3, p<0.005). The cataract surgical coverage <6/60 for persons was 28.2% and women were 45% less likely to have had cataract surgery (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.78, p<0.005). The major barriers to cataract surgery are lack of felt need and the cost of services.ConclusionKatsina state of Nigeria has high burden of avoidable blindness affecting more women. The state eye care programme should have cataract services that are more accessible, affordable and gender sensitive.

Bilateral angle-closure during hospitalization for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): A case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110121
Author(s):  
Guido Barosco ◽  
Roberta Morbio ◽  
Francesca Chemello ◽  
Roberto Tosi ◽  
Giorgio Marchini
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Primary Angle Closure ◽  
Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Right ◽  
End Stage

Purpose: This report describes a case of bilateral primary angle closure (PAC) progressing to unilateral end-stage primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) associated with treatment for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection. Methods: A 64-year-old man came to our attention because of blurred vision after a 2-month hospital stay for treatment of COVID-19 infection. Examination findings revealed PACG, with severe visual impairment in the right eye and PAC in the left eye due to plateau iris syndrome. The patient’s severe clinical condition and prolonged systemic therapy masked the symptoms and delayed the diagnosis. Medical chart review disclosed the multifactorial causes of the visual impairment. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) aided in diagnosis and subsequent therapy. Results: The cause behind the primary angle closure and the iridotrabecular contact was eliminated by bilateral cataract extraction, goniosynechialysis, and myotic therapy. Conclusions: COVID-19 treatment may pose an increased risk for PAC. Accurate recording of patient and family ophthalmic history is essential to prevent its onset. Recognition of early signs of PAC is key to averting its progression to PACG.

Stakeholders’ Perceptions of a School-Based Eye Care Programme in Baltimore, MD

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alyssa M. Kretz ◽  
Hursuong Vongsachang ◽  
David S. Friedman ◽  
Jonathan Callan ◽  
Madison Wahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Care ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
School Based
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